环形扩散管法测定北京市大气中HNO3和HNO2的条件优化与应用研究

Conditions optimization and application for determining concentrations of HNO3 and HNO2 in atmosphere of Beijing by annular denuders method

  • 摘要: 为研究北京市大气中HNO3和HNO2的污染特征,进行了环形扩散管法涂层溶液最佳浓度确定条件优化试验,并于2014年秋季在北京市开展了应用研究。结果表明:环形扩散管中Na2CO3涂层溶液的浓度为2%时,大气中酸性气体的去除率达到90%以上;利用优化的环形扩散管方法对北京市城区大气中的HNO3和HNO2浓度进行了测定,观测期间大气中HNO3和HNO2的浓度分别为0.77~3.23和1.12~5.51 μg/m 3,平均值分别为2.33和2.96 μg/m 3。研究区大气中HNO2浓度高于HNO3,一方面可能由于采样期间光照较弱,HNO2光解能力降低,另一方面可能由于采样点位于交通干道附近,来自汽车尾气排放的NOx发生均相和非均相反应。大气中HNO3浓度在雾霾天时最高,其次为晴天;HNO2浓度也是雾霾天最高,且远高于晴天。

     

    Abstract: In order to study the pollution characteristics of HNO3 and HNO2 in ambient air of Beijing City, the experiments for determining the optimal concentrations of annular denuders coatings were performed, and application study carried out in Beijing in the autumn of 2014. The results showed that when the concentration of Na2CO3 coating solution was 2%, the removal rate of acid gases in the atmosphere reached over 90%. The concentrations of HNO3 and HNO2 in air sampled in downtown Beijing were determined by the optimization approach. The concentrations of HNO3 and HNO2 in the measurement period ranged from 0.77 to 3.23 μg/m 3 and from 1.12 to 5.51 μg/m 3, with an average value of 2.33 μg/m 3 and 2.96 μg/m 3, respectively. HNO2 concentration was higher than that of HNO3 in the study area. The weak light during sampling might result in HNO2 photolysis reduction. Also, because of the sampling point nearby trunk road, the homo- and heterogeneous reactions of NOx from automobile exhaust may lead to a higher HNO2 concentration. The highest concentration of HNO3 occurred in haze day, followed by sunny day, while HNO2 had the highest concentration in haze day, which was far more than that in sunny day.

     

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