Abstract: The potential of atmospheric diffusion was analyzed, and the atmospheric diffusion model used to simulate the atmospheric diffusion potential for different years and seasons and for different climate and short-term climate change situations, so as to evaluate the influence of short-term climate change or regional climate change on the air pollution potential and atmospheric environment. According to the simulation results of climate change potential in 1999-2009, the climate change in north of Shaanxi and south of Shaanxi showed the trend of annually decelerating air pollution diffusion forms, with yearly increase rate of the average concentration being 1.38% and 0.29%, respectively. Central of Shaanxi showed more favorable atmospheric diffusion potential for pollutant diffusion, with the maximum sulfur dioxide concentration decreasing by 3.59% yearly.