Motor vehicles emission inventory at county level based on vehicle kilometers travel: a case study of Yanqing District of Beijing
-
摘要: 调查统计北京市延庆区机动车类型、车流量、汽车里程、燃油类别等,运用COPERT模型计算了小客车、大客车、小货车、中货车、特大货车的CO、HC、NOx、PM排放因子。基于现场调查和卫星影片解译建立延庆区机动车行驶里程(VKT)数据库,应用ArcGIS建立机动车高分辨率排放清单,以实际车流量信息计算出VKT和对应的各污染物排放量。结果表明:CO、HC、NOx、PM的年排放量分别为1 995.49、478.84、2 466.06、156.65 t/a。小客车对CO和HC排放量的贡献率最大,分别为36%和72%;特大货车对NOx和PM排放量的贡献率最大,分别为54%和49%。污染物高排放量主要分布在城区,原因是城区路网密集,车流量较大。Abstract: Vehicle type, environmental condition, vehicle mileage and fuel type of motor vehicles in Yanqing District were surveyed and calculated. The COPERT model was used to compute the emission factors of CO, HC, NOx and PM for passenger cars, buses, small trucks, medium trucks and oversized trucks, respectively. Geographic information system was applied to establish high-resolution exhaust emissions inventory, based on vehicle driving range (VKT) database in Yanqing District obtained by field investigation and Google Earth satellite image. Then the vehicle kilometers travel data and the corresponding pollutants emission were calculated by actual traffic information. The results showed that the annual emission of CO, HC, NOx and PM was respectively 1 995.49, 478.84, 2 466.06 and 156.65 t/a. Specifically, passenger cars had a higher contribution to CO and HC, which accounted for 36% and 72%, while the oversized trucks had a higher contribution to NOx and PM, which accounted for 54% and 49%, respectively. High emissions were mainly distributed in the downtown area due to dense road network and larger traffic volume flow.
-
-
[1] 郝吉明, 吴烨, 傅立新 , 等. 中国城市机动车排放污染控制规划体系研究[J]. 应用气象学报, 2002,1(1):195-203. HAO J M, WU Y, FU L X , et al. Study of the urban vehicular emission control program system in China[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2002,1(1):195-203.
[2] 环境保护部机动车排污监控中心. 环境保护部发布《2013年中国机动车污染防治年报》[J]. 环境与可持续发展, 2014,39(1):9-10.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-288X.2014.01.004[3] MCGAUGHEY G R, DESAI N R, ALLEN D T , et al. Analysis of motor vehicle emissions in a Houston tunnel during the teas air quality study 2000[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 2004,38(20):3363-3372.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.006[4] WALLINGTON T J, SULLIVAN J L, HURLEY M D . Emissions of CO2,CO,NOx,HC,PM,HFC-134a,N2O and CH4 from the global light duty vehicle fleet[J]. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 2008,17(2):109-116.
doi: 10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0275[5] HE K B, HUO H, ZHANG Q , et al. Urban air pollution in China:current status,characteristics,and progress[J]. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 2002,27(3):397-431.
doi: 10.1146/annurev.energy.27.122001.083421[6] CHAN C K, YAO X H . Air pollution in mega cities in China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008,42(1):1-42.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.003[7] FU L X, HAO J M, HE D Q , et al. Assessment of vehicular pollution in China[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2001,51(5):658-668.
doi: 10.1080/10473289.2001.10464300 pmid: 11355453[8] LI J, WU R R, LI Y Q , et al. Effects of rigorous emission controls on reducing ambient volatile organic compounds Beijing,China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,140(3):531-541.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.140 pmid: 27039059[9] 樊守彬, 聂磊, 李雪峰 . 应用模型建立机场大气污染物排放清单[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2010,10(4):93-96. FAN S B, NIE L, LI X F . Calculating airport emission with EDMS Model[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2010,10(4):93-96.
[10] 樊守彬, 张东旭, 田灵娣 . 道路交通扬尘排放模型评估及其在北京市的应用[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016,10(5):2501-2506. FAN S B, ZHANG D X, TIAN L D . Assessment for AP-42 model of road dust emissions and its application in Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,10(5):2501-2506.
[11] 樊守彬, 田灵娣, 张东旭 . 基于模式的北京市汽油车蒸发排放清单[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016,10(6):3091-3096. FAN S B, TIAN L D, ZHANG D X . Emission inventory of gasoline evaporation from vehicles in Beijing based on COPERT model[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,10(6):3091-3096.
[12] KHOLOD N, EVANS M, GUSEV E , et al. A methodology for calculating transport emissions in cities with limited traffic data:case study of diesel particulates and black carbon emissions in Murmansk[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,151(12):305-313.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.151 pmid: 26789368[13] KOTA S H, ZHANG H L, CHEN G , et al. Evaluation of on-road vehicle CO and NOx national emission inventories using an urban-scale source-oriented air quality model[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,85(11):99-108.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.020[14] 樊守彬 . 北京机动车尾气排放特征研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2011,36(4):28-31. FAN S B . Tail-pipe emission characteristics from on-road vehicles in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2011,36(4):28-31.
[15] WANG H K, CHEN C H , et al. HUANG C On-road vehicle emission inventory and its uncertainty analysis for Shanghai,China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2008,398(1/2/3):60-67.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.01.038 pmid: 18448148[16] CHEN C H, HUANG C, JING Q Q , et al. On-road emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel vehicles in Shanghai[J]. Atmosphere Environment, 2007,41(26):5334-5344.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.02.037[17] LANG J, CHENG S, ZHOU Y , et al. Air pollutant emissions from on-road vehicles in China,1999-2011[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,496(15):1-10.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.021 pmid: 25051424[18] WANG H, FU L, LIN X , et al. A bottom-up methodology to estimate vehicle emissions for the Beijing Urban Area[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2009,407(6):1947-1953.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.008 pmid: 19070350[19] 王慧慧, 曾维华, 吴开亚 . 上海市机动车尾气排放协同控制效应研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(5):1345-1352. WANG H H, ZENG W H, WU K Y . Co-control effects of motor vehicle pollutant emission in Shanghai[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(5):1345-1352.
[20] ZHANG S, WU Y, LIU H , et al. Historical evaluation of vehicle emission control in Guangzhou based on a multi-year emission inventory[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013,76:32-42.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.047[21] 姚欣灿, 农加进, 黄如娜 , 等. 广州市年道路机动车排放清单研究[J]. 广州环境科学, 2012,27(2):20-24. YAO X C, NONG J J, HUANG R N , et al. Vehicle emission inventory of Guangzhou in 2010[J]. Environmental Science in Guangzhou, 2012,27(2):20-24.
[22] 郑君瑜, 车汶蔚, 王兆礼 . 基于交通流量和路网的区域机动车污染物排放量空间分配方法[J]. 环境科学学报, 2009,29(4):815-821. ZHENG J Y, CHE W W, WANG Z L . Traffic flow and road network-based spatial allocation of regional mobile source emission inventories[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2009,29(4):815-821.
[23] 李笑语, 吴琳, 邹超 , 等. 基于实时交通数据的南京市主次干道机动车排放特征分析[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(4):1340-1347. LI X Y, WU L, ZOU C , et al. Emission characteristics of vehicle exhaust in artery and collector roads in Nanjing based on real-time traffic data[J]. Environmental Sciences, 2017,38(4):1340-1347.
[24] 刘登国, 刘娟, 黄伟民 , 等. 基于交通信息的道路机动车排放模拟研究[J]. 环境监测管理与技术, 2016,28(3):15-19. LIU D G, LIU J, HUANG W M , et al. Simulation study on NOx emission from vehicles based on traffic information[J]. Environmental Supervision and Technology, 2016,28(3):15-19.
[25] HARIKISHAN P, HENG W, ZHUO Y . Developing high-resolution urban scale heavy-duty truck emission inventory using the data-driven truck activity model output[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2017,155(2):210-230.
doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.02.020[26] GKATZOFLIAS D, KOURIDIS C, NTZIACHRISTOS L, et al.COPERT 4 computer programme to calculate emissions from road transport methodology and emission factors[EB/OL] .(2015 -05-12)[2018-04-15].
[27] 樊守彬, 田灵娣 . 北京市机动车尾气排放因子研究[J]. 环境科学, 2017,36(7):2375-2380. FAN S B, TIAN L D . Emission factors of vehicle exhaust in Beijing[J]. Environmental Sciences, 2017,36(7):2375-2380.
[28] 王凯, 樊守彬, 孙改红 .北京市延庆区道路扬尘排放特征及影响因素[J].环境工程技术学报, 2019, 9(1):1-7. WANG K, FAN S B, SUN G H. Emission characteristics and impact factors for road fugitive dust in Yanqing District, Beijing City[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2019, 9(1):1-7.
[29] 延庆区统计局. 延庆区统计年鉴2017[M]. 北京:延庆区统计局, 2017. [30] 樊守彬, 郭津津 . 区县尺度机动车高分辨率排放清单建立方法及应用[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(5):45-52. FAN S B, GUO J J . Methods and applications of high resolution vehicle emission inventory in county scale[J]. Environmental Sciences, 2018,39(5):45-52.
-
期刊类型引用(16)
1. Yan Shen，Tongran Wu，Aiping Lian，Jie Gao，Fei Peng，Guohua Song，Xuefang Wu，Yangyang Cui，Xinyu Liu，Yunfei Wan，Jing Yan，Yifeng Xue. Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2024(02): 637-646 . 
必应学术
2. 陈振瑜，何超，李加强，付明亮，徐加臣，李菊. 昆明市高速公路机动车温室气体排放清单及时空性分布特征. 环境工程技术学报. 2024(01): 8-16 . 本站查看
3. 张启阳，王花兰，聂挺，李若菡. 道路交通排放对周边环境影响的分析——以兰州市安宁区学府路为例. 环境工程技术学报. 2024(04): 1225-1231 . 本站查看
4. 吐尔逊·买买提，马洁，刘志成，陈俊豪. 基于维度规约的快速路全时段排放模型适应性研究. 交通运输系统工程与信息. 2023(01): 245-253 . 百度学术
5. 叶贺勇，樊守彬，李婷婷，王亚洲，龙腾. 北京市机动车排放趋势与协同控制情景分析. 环境工程技术学报. 2023(04): 1454-1463 . 本站查看
6. 丘建栋，徐祥，屈新明，暨育雄. 城市道路交通移动源碳排放核算方法. 城市交通. 2023(04): 77-86 . 百度学术
7. 王海斌，樊守彬，韩力慧，李婷婷，曲松，崔浩然，刘俊芳. 北京市通州区秋季典型工地出口道路尘负荷排放特征. 环境工程技术学报. 2022(01): 6-14 . 本站查看
8. 黄志辉，纪亮，尹洁，吕晨，王军方，尹航，丁焰，蔡博峰，严刚. 中国道路交通二氧化碳排放达峰路径研究. 环境科学研究. 2022(02): 385-393 . 百度学术
9. 解淑霞，黄志辉，王鑫，唐祎骕，何巍楠，纪亮，王燕军，倪红. 阳泉市2017年基于交通流量的机动车排放清单. 环境工程技术学报. 2021(02): 226-233 . 本站查看
10. 胡希. 新冠疫情期间城市空气质量状况分析. 广州化工. 2021(15): 165-167 . 百度学术
11. 张月帆，陈建华，李冬，高健. 道路扬尘控制措施及其效率评估研究进展. 环境工程技术学报. 2021(05): 845-854 . 本站查看
12. 沈岩，武彤冉，闫静，李韧菲，崔阳阳，刘欣宇，樊守彬，翟冀飞，曹西子，万芸菲，薛亦峰. 基于COPERT模型北京市机动车大气污染物和二氧化碳排放研究. 环境工程技术学报. 2021(06): 1075-1082 . 本站查看
13. 张隅希，段宗涛，朱依水，王路阳，周祎，郭宇. 机动车油耗模型研究综述. 计算机工程与应用. 2021(24): 14-26 . 百度学术
14. 黄光球，马蒙，陆秋琴. 城市路网系统大气污染物排放量计算方法. 系统工程理论与实践. 2020(07): 1856-1869 . 百度学术
15. 亓浩雲，樊守彬，王凯. 北京市不同功能区机动车排放特征研究. 环境污染与防治. 2019(09): 1056-1063+1069 . 百度学术
16. 丁剑，王建. 基于道路交通流量对江苏省机动车路网动态排放清单的研究. 科技创新导报. 2019(35): 125-127 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(9)
计量
- 文章访问数: 676
- HTML全文浏览量: 186
- PDF下载量: 199
- 被引次数: 25
下载:
