草原地区河流型天然湿地对河流水体污染物去除特性

任耀宗; 刘国; 余红; 杨天学; 吴有兵; 许秋瑾; 庞燕; 李东阳; 李琦

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.290

草原地区河流型天然湿地对河流水体污染物去除特性

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.290

任耀宗^1,3,
刘国^1,,
余红^2,3,,
杨天学²,
吴有兵⁴,
许秋瑾²,
庞燕²,
李东阳²,
李琦²

^1. 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都 610059
^2. 中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室,北京 100012
^3. 北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京 100875
^4. 华能甘肃能源开发有限公司,甘肃兰州 730070

详细信息

作者简介:
任耀宗(1992—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为环境污染与控制技术, 2468107889@qq.com;

中图分类号: X522
计量
- 文章访问数: 512
- HTML全文浏览量: 88
- PDF下载量: 156
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-07
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-20

Removal characteristics of pollutants by riverine natural wetland in prairie region

^1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu 610059, China
^2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
^3. College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
^4. Huaneng Energy Development Co., Ltd. In Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, China

摘要

摘要: 为阐明草原地区河流型天然湿地对主要污染物总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和化学需氧量(COD)的去除效果,以海拉尔河湿地为研究对象,通过2010—2015年湿地入水口(陶海断面)和出水口(磋岗断面)水体TP、TN浓度和COD变化,分析不同月份湿地对水体TP、TN和COD的去除效果,并对污染物去除机理进行探讨。结果表明:陶海断面水体TP、TN浓度和COD变异系数分别为0.51、0.73和0.39,磋岗断面水体TP、TN浓度和COD变异系数下降至0.36、0.43和0.38,海拉尔河湿地对水体TP、TN和COD的去除率分别为26.67%、20.90%和8.74%,目前湿地入水TP、TN和COD负荷尚未超过其饱和净化能力;受融雪水和夏雨带来的地表径流的影响,海拉尔河湿地在5月和8—9月对水体TP、TN的去除率较低,在地表径流作用弱的1—3月、10—12月去除率较高;海拉尔河湿地对TP的去除在融雪期主要为生物同化及土壤吸附作用,在冰冻期主要为土壤吸附和沉淀作用,对TN的去除在融雪期主要为硝化与反硝化作用及生物同化作用,在冰冻期主要为底泥吸附作用,生物同化作用次之,对COD的去除主要是微生物降解和土壤吸附作用等。
- 草原地区 /
- 河流型湿地 /
- 污染物 /
- 去除效果 /
- 海拉尔河
Abstract: In order to clarify the removal effects of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in river-type natural wetlands in the grassland, the Hailaer River wetland was studied. The changes of TP, TN and COD in the inlet (Taohai section) and the outlet (Cuogang section) during 2010-2015 were analyzed. The removal effects of TP, TN and COD in wetlands in different months were analyzed, and the mechanism of pollutant removal was discussed. The results showed that the coefficients of variation of TP, TN and COD in the Taohai section were 0.51, 0.73 and 0.39, respectively, and in the Cuogang section were reduced to 0.36, 0.43 and 0.38. The removal rates of TP, TN and COD in Hailaer River wetland were 26.67%, 20.90% and 8.74%, respectively. At present, the load of TP, TN and COD in wetland inflow had not exceeded their purification capacity. During the snowmelt period (May) and summer rain period (August to September), the wetland had lower removal of TP and TN . During the weak surface runoff period (January to March, October to December), the TP, TN and COD were highly removed. The removal of TP by wetland was mainly by bio-assimilation and soil adsorption during ice-thaw period, and by soil adsorption and precipitation during freezing period. The removal of TN by wetland was mainly by nitrification and denitrification and biological assimilation in ice-melting period, followed by sediment adsorption and biological assimilation in freezing period. The removal of COD in wetlands was mainly due to microbial degradation and soil adsorption.
- prairie area /
- riverine natural wetland /
- pollutant /
- removal effect /
- Hailaer River

HTML全文

参考文献(27)

[1]	LIN Y, JING S, LEE D , et al. Performance of a constructed wetland treating intensive shrimp aquaculture wastewater under high hydraulic loading rate[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2005,134(3):411-421. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.09.015 pmid: 15620586
[2]	TRIPATHY S S, BERSILLON J, GOPAL K . Removal of fluoride from drinking water by adsorption onto alum-impregnated activated alumina[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2006,50(3):310-317. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2005.11.036
[3]	HURD T M, RAYNAL D J, SCHWINTZER C R . Symbiotic N₂ fixation of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa in shrub wetlands of the Adirondack Mountains,New York,USA[J]. Oecologia, 2001,126(1):94-103. doi: 10.1007/s004420000500 pmid: 28547442
[4]	李晶, 雷茵茹, 崔丽娟 , 等. 我国滨海滩涂湿地现状及研究进展[J]. 林业资源管理, 2018(2):24-28. LI J, LEI Y R, CUI L J , et al. Current status and research progress of coastal tidal flat wetlands in China[J]. Forest Resources Management, 2018(2):24-28.
[5]	周之灿, 恭映璧, 张天绚 . 近60年长沙城市湿地变化及保护对策的研究[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2012(12):31-37. ZHOU Z C, GONG Y B, ZHANG T X . Dynamic changes and protective measures of urban wetland of Changsha in recent 60 years[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2012,32(12):31-37.
[6]	张征云, 李莉, 孙艳青 , 等. 天津湿地存在的主要问题与保护对策建议[J].农业灾害研究, 2014(12):58-60. ZHANG Z Y, LI L, SUN Y Q , et al. Problems and protection suggestions of Tianjin wetlands[J].Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology, 2014(12):58-60.
[7]	周曲才让. 青海省黄南州草原湿地现状及治理对策[J].当代畜牧, 2013(29):20-21.
[8]	王煊, 许子乾, 刘旻帝 , 等. 1999年至2010年呼伦贝尔市重要湿地遥感动态变化研究[J]. 湿地科学与管理, 2014,10(2):53-57. WANG X, XU Z Q, LIU M D , et al. Dynamic analysis of the wetlands in Hulunbeier region based on remote sensing from 1999 to 2010[J]. Forest Science & Technology Management, 2014,10(2):53-57.
[9]	PANT H K, REDDY K R, LEMON E . Phosphorus retention capacity of root bed media of sub-surface flow constructed wetlands[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2001,17(4):345-355. doi: 10.1016/S0925-8574(00)00134-8
[10]	钟馨, 田永兰, 钟美芳 , 等. 七星湖湿地磷素分布特征及扩散通量估算[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2017,7(2):152-160. ZHONG X, TIAN Y L, ZHONG M F , et al. Distribution of phosphorus and estimation of diffusion flux in the Qixinghu wetland[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2017,7(2):152-160.
[11]	温娟, 于静洁, 钟远 , 等. 天然湿地对富营养化水体的处理效果及作用机理分析[J]. 工业水处理, 2013,33(4):31-35. WEN J, YU J J, ZHONG Y , et al. Study on the treatment efficiency of natural wetland on eutrophic water and its mechanism[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2013,33(4):31-35.
[12]	KADLEC R H, KNIGHT R L . Treatment wetlands[J]. Soil Science, 1995,162(6):233-248.
[13]	朱伟峰, 刘永吉, 马永胜 . 天然湿地对三江平原蛤蟆通河流域农业非点源污染净化效果研究[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2009,40(5):58-61. ZHU W F, LIU Y J, MA Y S . Research on the purity effect of agricultural non-point pollution that natural wetlands to Hamatong river basin in Sanjiang Plain[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2009,40(5):58-61.
[14]	何颖欣, 杜蕴妍, 王为 , 等. 天然红树林湿地对河水中溶解性磷酸盐的净化作用初探:以广州市南沙开发区为例 [J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2007(2):125-130. HE Y X, DU Y Y, WANG W , et al. The primary study on the capability of natural mangrove wetlands to decrease soluble phosphate in riverwater:a case study of Nansha district of Guangzhou [J].Journal of South China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2007(2):125-130.
[15]	丁峰 . 内蒙古自治区海拉尔河流域上游河谷平原区地下水资源研究[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古大学, 2015.
[16]	陈桂葵, 陈桂珠 . 白骨壤模拟湿地系统中磷的分配循环及其净化效应[J]. 生态学报, 2005,25(3):627-632. CHEN G K, CHEN G Z . Phosphorus cycling in a simulated wastewater-affected mangrove (Avicennia marina) wetland system[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005,25(3):627-632.
[17]	LEUNG J Y S, CAI Q, TAM N F Y . Comparing subsurface flow constructed wetlands with mangrove plants and freshwater wetland plants for removing nutrients and toxic pollutants[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2016,95:129-137. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.016
[18]	石益丹, 李玉浸, 杨殿林 , 等. 呼伦贝尔草地生态系统服务功能价值评估[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2007,26(6):2099-2103. SHI Y D, LI Y J, YANG D L , et al. Evaluation on the service function of Hulunbeier grassland ecosystem[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2007,26(6):2099-2103.
[19]	潘继花, 何岩, 邓伟 , 等. 湿地对水中磷素净化作用的研究进展[J]. 生态环境, 2004,13(1):102-104. PAN J H, HE Y, DENG W , et al. Nitrogen leaching from vegetable soil and control measures: a review[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2004,13(1):102-104.
[20]	牙克石市志编纂委员会. 牙克石市志[M]. 呼伦贝尔: 内蒙古文化出版社, 2010.
[21]	WU Y H, HE J Z, HU Z Y , et al. Removal of UV_254nm matter and nutrients from a photobioreactor-wetland system[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,194:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.096 pmid: 21955655
[22]	凌子微, 仝欣楠, 李亚红 , 等. 处理低污染水的复合人工湿地脱氮过程[J]. 环境科学研究, 2013,26(3):320-325. LING Z W, TONG X N, LI Y H , et al. Study on nitrogen removal process of treatments for slightly contaminated water on hybrid constructed wetlands[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2013,26(3):320-325.
[23]	于君宝, 侯小凯, 韩广轩 , 等. 多介质人工湿地对生活污水中氮和磷的去除效率研究[J]. 湿地科学, 2013,11(2):233-239. YU J B, HOU X K, HAN G X , et al. Removal efficiency of multi-medium constructed wetlands on nitrogen and phosphorus in domestic sewage[J]. Wetland Science, 2013,11(2):233-239.
[24]	ZHANG L, YAO X L, TANG C J , et al. Influence of long-term inundation and nutrient addition on denitrification in sandy wetland sediments from Poyang Lake, a large shallow subtropical lake in China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016,219:440. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.046 pmid: 27256917
[25]	李珂, 贾建丽, 卢少勇 , 等. 模拟串联垂直流人工湿地去除重污染河水中氮的研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014,33(12):2420-2426. LI K, JIA J L, LU S Y , et al. Nitrogen removal from heavily polluted river water by a series of simulated vertical-flow constructed wetlands[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014,33(12):2420-2426.
[26]	KO J Y, DAY J W, LANE R L , et al. Policy adoption of ecosystem services for a sustainable community:a case study of wetland assimilation using natural wetlands in Breaux Bridge, Louisiana[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2012,38(1):114-118. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.10.009
[27]	郑于聪, 王晓昌, 葛媛 , 等. 不同复合人工湿地对高污染河流有机污染物的去除[J]. 环境工程学报, 2015,9(6):2577-2581. ZHENG Y C, WANG X C, GE Y , et al. Removal efficiency of organic pollutants from highly polluted river water with different hybrid constructed wetlands[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2015,9(6):2577-2581.