Abstract: The oily sludge has a wide range of sources and complex compositions, and the corresponding treatment technology and equipment also show a diversified trend. It is necessary to use combined treatment technologies of oily sludge to meet the technical requirements of resource utilization and harmless treatment. Through the site survey and literature research, the principles, application scope, characteristics and development of the commonly used oily sludge treatment methods at home and abroad were summarized. The application status of several new oily sludge combined treatment technologies in China’s petrochemical enterprises was introduced, including sieving fluidization-tempering-mechanical dehydration technology, electrochemical bio-coupling advanced treatment technology, sludge centrifugal dewatering-superheated steam injection treatment technology, hot-washing coupling treatment technology and microbial-plant combined treatment technology. Whether the oil content of the residue after treatment by the existing treatment methods could meet the standard requirements of Technical Specifications for Pollution Control of Used Mineral Oil Recovery, Recycle and Reuse (HJ 607-2011) and the resource utilization direction of the residue were summarized. In view of the problems and treatment effects of various oil sludge treatment technologies in application, there are few treatment methods at present to completely treat all oily sludge in a satisfactory manner, and further research is needed.