硫化氢催化氧化技术的研究进展

尹梦雪; 樊飞跃; 赵龙; 侯红

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20190165

硫化氢催化氧化技术的研究进展

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20190165

环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院

详细信息

作者简介:
尹梦雪(1995—)女,硕士研究生,研究方向为硫化氢低温催化氧化材料研发,1072943149@qq.com

通讯作者:
侯红 E-mail: houhong@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X13
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-27
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-20

Research progress of catalytic oxidation technologies of hydrogen sulfide

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

More Information

Corresponding author: HOU Hong E-mail: houhong@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 随着经济的发展以及人们对环保的重视,国家层面对硫化氢(H₂S)的排放进行了严格的规定。因此,对H₂S的去除材料成为研发重点。催化氧化技术是去除H₂S的主要方法,目前研究较为深入的催化剂有炭基催化剂(包括无负载活性炭)、金属负载活性炭和金属氧化物催化剂(包括金属氧化物负载催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂和阴离子黏土负载催化剂)。详细介绍了2种催化剂的催化氧化原理、制备方法、去除效果和应用前景:炭材料由于其巨大的比表面积、高孔隙率和可以改性的表面活性位是催化剂或载体的热门选择,而炭基催化剂具有相对较低的操作温度和良好的稳定性,不需要遵循严格的O₂和H₂S化学计量比,但只能处理低浓度H₂S,且要求在较低的空速下进行,催化剂必须定期进行再生;金属氧化物催化剂可以处理高浓度H₂S,且在较高的温度(200~300 ℃)下有良好的催化性能,但由于其操作过程需要遵循严格的O₂和H₂S化学计量比和较高的温度,且再生性能差,因此成本较高;富氮多孔炭和负载碱金属的碱性毫米级中孔炭球(MCS)表现出优异的催化性能。在此基础上,对H₂S催化氧化技术的发展方向进行了展望。
- 硫化氢 /
- 催化氧化 /
- 炭基催化剂 /
- 金属氧化物催化剂
Abstract: With the development of the economy and increasingly regard on environment protection, a series of measures were formulated and strict regulations on hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) emission were established by the state. The removal of H₂S has been the focus of material research and development, and catalytic oxidation is considered as a main method for H₂S removal. Two kinds of catalysts including carbon-based catalysts (unsupported activated carbon, metal-supported activated carbon) and metal oxide-based catalysts (oxide-supported catalyst, metal oxide catalyst, anionic clay-supported catalyst) have been widely studied. The catalytic oxidation mechanism of H₂S, preparation method for these two catalysts and H₂S removal efficiency as well as the potential applications of these catalysts were discussed in detail. Carbon materials had become a popular choice as catalyst or support due to their large specific surface area, high porosity and modifiable active sites. Meanwhile, they were usually operated at relatively low temperatures and showed a good stability, and no strict stoichiometric ratios of O₂/H₂S was needed during H₂S treatment process. However, such catalysts could only treat low concentrations of H₂S and operated at lower hourly space velocity. In addition, the catalysts should be regenerated periodically after a period of use. As for metal oxide catalyst , they could treat high concentrations of H₂S and showed a good catalytic performance even at higher temperatures (200-300 ℃), but the cost of the catalysts was high due to the strict O₂/H₂S stoichiometric ratio, high temperature and poor regenerability. Nitrogen-rich porous carbon and alkali metal-loaded alkaline millimeter mesoporous carbon spheres (MCS) exhibited excellent catalytic performance. On this basis, the future development direction of H₂S catalytic oxidation was addressed.
- hydrogen sulfide /
- catalytic oxidation /
- carbon-based catalysts /
- metal oxide-based catalysts

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