Abstract: Bioretention tank was a kind of treatment facility under the low impact development (LID) technology of urban rainwater. It was widely used at home and abroad because of its good removal effect of pollutant, uncomplicated operating conditions and low investment cost. Based on the analysis of the research dynamics of the amended bioretention tank at home and abroad, it was proposed that the amended bioretention tank could improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants while maintaining the removal efficiency of suspended particulates, heavy metals/metalloid, pathogens and oils of the traditional bioretention tank, after the improvement of the biological retention tank in the aspects of filler matrix, anaerobic environment, structure optimization, effective water storage depth, infiltration rate and hydraulic flow direction. The basic principles and typical characteristics of the amended bioretention tank for the treatment of pollutants in urban rainwater were summarized, and the design and application scope of it for the treatment of rainwater were concluded. The future research and development directions were also prospected, in order to provide reference for the construction of sponge city infrastructure projects and the urban reconstruction of old areas.