我国城市黑臭水体综合整治:问题分析、治理思路与措施

高红杰; 袁鹏; 刘瑞霞

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200105

我国城市黑臭水体综合整治:问题分析、治理思路与措施

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200105

中国环境科学研究院流域水环境污染综合治理研究中心

详细信息

作者简介:
高红杰,研究员,博士,中国环境科学研究院流域水环境污染综合治理研究中心副主任。长期从事流域水环境管理和修复技术研究,主持国家级科研项目20项、地方技术服务项目20余项,主持∕参加编制省部级技术指南∕报告等重要技术文件20余项,发表研究论文近百篇,获得国家发明专利授权7项、软件著作权3项,参编专著8部,获科技部优秀团队奖1项,省部级科技进步二等奖2项、三等奖1项。高红杰(1981—),男,研究员,博士,主要从事流域水环境管理和修复技术研究,gaohj@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
刘瑞霞 E-mail: liurx@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
计量
- 文章访问数: 1572
- HTML全文浏览量: 298
- PDF下载量: 398
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-20

Comprehensive governance of urban black and odorous water bodies in China: problem analysis, treatment ideas and measures

Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Ruixia E-mail: liurx@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 随着城市化进程加快和污染物排放量的增大,我国很多城市水体污染负荷超出水体自净能力,水质恶化甚至出现黑臭现象,城市黑臭水体已成为当前公众反映强烈的水环境问题。国务院及相关部门高度重视,接连出台了一系列政策和文件,明确了城市黑臭水体综合整治的目标和方向。介绍了我国城市黑臭水体整治的背景和意义;从点源、面源、内源以及水动力学条件等方面,解析了水体黑臭成因和污染来源;在问题分析的基础上,结合黑臭水体“标本兼治”的目标,提出了黑臭水体整治的总体思路和技术路线;明确了统筹考虑控源截污、内源治理、生态修复、活水保质、监控与管理的黑臭水体治理措施。为加快全国范围内黑臭水体治理,实现治理目标起到重要的借鉴作用。
- 城市黑臭水体 /
- 综合整治 /
- 水体黑臭成因 /
- 治理思路 /
- 治理措施
Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase of pollutant discharges in China, the pollution load of water body in many cities have exceeded the natural self-purification capacity of water bodies, resulting in the deterioration of water quality, or even the occurrence of black and odorous water bodies. The urban black and odorous water bodies, as current water environment issue in China, have aroused a strong public concern. The State Council and relevant departments attached great importance to it and had successively issued a series of policies and documents, which put forward clear targets and directions for the comprehensive governance of urban black and odorous water bodies. The background and significance for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in the urban area of China were introduced and the causes and pollution sources of the black and odorous water bodies analyzed from the aspects of point source, non-point source, endogenous and hydrodynamic conditions, etc. Based on the problem analysis and combined with the goal of “addressing both the symptom and the root cause”, the overall idea and technical route for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies were proposed. The overall consideration of the treatment measures for black and odorous water bodies were provided, including pollution source control, pollution interception, endogenous treatment, quality assurance of living water, ecological restoration, and supervision and management, which played an important reference role in accelerating the governance of nationwide black and odorous water bodies and further achieving the treatment targets.
- urban black and odorous water body /
- comprehensive governance /
- causes of black and odorous water body /
- treatment ideas /
- treatment measures

HTML全文

参考文献(18)

[1]	王谦, 高红杰. 我国城市黑臭水体治理现状、问题及未来方向[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019,13(3):507-510. WANG Q, GAO H J. Current situation,problems and future direction for governance of black and odorous water bodies in Chinese cities[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019,13(3):507-510.
[2]	高红杰. 创新监管平台倒逼城市黑臭水体整治[N]. 中国建设报, 2016-03-28(005).
[3]	胡洪营, 孙艳, 席劲瑛, 等. 城市黑臭水体治理与水质长效改善保持技术分析[J]. 环境保护, 2015,43(13):24-26.
[4]	徐祖信, 张辰, 李怀正. 我国城市河流黑臭问题分类与系统化治理实践[J]. 给水排水, 2018,44(10):1-6.
[5]	住房和城乡建设部, 环境保护部. 城市黑臭水体整治工作指南[A/OL]. (2015-08-28)[2020-02-10]. http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/wjfb/201509/t20150911_224828.html.
[6]	住房和城乡建设部, 生态环境部. “全国城市黑臭水体整治信息发布”监管平台[EB/OL]. (2018-12-20)[2020-02-10]. http://www.hcstzz.com/.
[7]	生态环境部. 生态环境部2020年1月例行新闻发布会[EB/OL]. (2020-01-17)[2020-02-10]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk15/202001/t20200117_760049.html.
[8]	李斌, 柏杨巍, 刘丹妮, 等. 全国地级及以上城市建成区黑臭水体的分布、存在问题及对策建议[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019,13(3):511-518. LI B, BAI Y W, LIU D N, et al. Nationwide distribution,problems,countermeasure proposals of black and odorous water bodies in built-up area of cities at prefecture level or above in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019,13(3):511-518.
[9]	国务院. 国务院关于印发水污染防治行动计划的通知:国发〔2015〕17号[A/OL]. (2015-04-02)[2020-02-10]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-04/16/content_9613.htm.
[10]	环境保护部. 关于印发《水污染防治行动计划实施情况考核规定(试行)》的通知:国发〔2015〕17号[A/OL]. (2016-12-12)[2020-02-10]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201612/t20161216_369220.htm.
[11]	国务院. 国务院关于印发“十三五”生态环境保护规划的通知:国发〔2016〕65号[A/OL]. (2016-12-05)[2020-02-10]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-12/05/content_5143290.htm?gs_ws=tsina_636166373908348208.
[12]	水利部. 《关于全面推行河长制的意见》全文[A/OL]. (2016-12-11)[2020-02-10]. http://www.mwr.gov.cn/ztpd/gzzt/hzz/zyjs/201708/t20170811_973312.html.
[13]	中华人民共和国水污染防治法[A/OL]. (2008-02-28)[2020-02-10]. http://www.gov.cn/flfg/2008-02/28/content_905050.htm.
[14]	中共中央国务院关于全面加强生态环境保护坚决打好污染防治攻坚战的意见[A/OL]. (2018-06-16)[2020-02-10]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2018-06/24/content_5300953.htm.
[15]	生态环境部. 城市黑臭水体治理攻坚战实施方案[A/OL]. (2018-10-16)[2020-02-10]. http://shj.mee.gov.cn/dtxx/201810/t20181016_662391.shtml.
[16]	刘晓玲, 徐瑶瑶, 宋晨, 等. 城市黑臭水体治理技术及措施分析[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019,13(3):519-529. LIU X L, XU Y Y, SONG C, et al. Analysis of treatment technologies and measures for the urban black-stinking water body[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019,13(3):519-529.
[17]	张列宇, 王浩, 李国文, 等. 城市黑臭水体治理技术及其发展趋势[J]. 环境保护, 2017,45(5):62-65. ZHANG L Y, WANG H, LI G W, et al. Management technology and development trend for urban black and odorous water body[J]. Environmental Protection, 2017,45(5):62-65.
[18]	朱韻洁, 李国文, 张列宇, 等. 黑臭水体治理思路与技术措施[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2018,8(5):495-501. ZHU Y J, LI G W, ZHANG L Y, et al. Treatment ideas and technical measures of black and stinky water bodies[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2018,8(5):495-501.