“三池两坝”多级组合工艺对内陆池塘养殖尾水的处理

刘梅; 原居林; 倪蒙; 练青平; 郭爱环

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200153

“三池两坝”多级组合工艺对内陆池塘养殖尾水的处理

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200153

农业部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产研究所

详细信息

作者简介:
刘梅(1988—),女,助理研究员,博士,主要从事养殖水域生态修复研究,liumei0601@126.com

通讯作者:
原居林 E-mail: yuanjulin1982@163.com

中图分类号: X714
计量
- 文章访问数: 1392
- HTML全文浏览量: 444
- PDF下载量: 151
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-17
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-20

Treatment of inland pond aquaculture tail water by multi-stage combined process of “three ponds and two dams”

Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries

More Information

Corresponding author: YUAN Julin E-mail: yuanjulin1982@163.com

摘要

摘要: 针对内陆淡水池塘养殖尾水分布及污染特点,采用沉淀池+过滤坝+曝气池+过滤坝+生态池(简称“三池两坝”)多级组合处理工艺对池塘养殖尾水进行处理。考察组合工艺对低污染、中污染、高污染类型对应的3个示范点尾水主要污染物指标去除效果及各单元的沿程去除情况,并对工程建设投资及运行费用进行分析。结果表明:3个示范点对TSS、COD_Mn、TN、TP和NH₄⁺-N的去除率分别为48.1%~60.7%、50.4%~60.7%、52.5%~59.2%、64.2%~71.5%和72.1%~80.5%,水质净化效果明显,均能稳定达到SC/T 9101—2007《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》;该组合工艺夏季处理效果最好,其次是春秋季,冬季该系统仍能正常稳定运行,保障出水水质达标;沉淀池对TSS去除效果最好,为21.3%,曝气池对COD_Mn和NH₄⁺-N的去除贡献最大,为18.7%和28.7%,生态池对TN和TP的去除贡献最大,为16.3%和28.8%,过滤坝则对各水质指标均具有良好的去除效果,去除率为7.5%~11.8%;3个示范点养殖池塘尾水工程建设费用分别为1.370万、2.775万和1.304万元/hm²,每年分摊到养殖池塘运行维护费用分别为0.325万、0.387万和0.400万元/hm²。
- 三池两坝 /
- 内陆养殖池塘 /
- 养殖尾水 /
- 达标排放 /
- 循环利用
Abstract: According to the distribution and pollution characteristics of aquaculture wastewater from inland fresh ponds, the multistage combined treatment system of “sedimentation pond+filter dam+aeration pond+filter dam+ecological pond” (referred to as “three ponds and two dams”) was adopted to purify the aquaculture wastewater. The removal effect of the combined process on the main pollutant indexes of wastewater and the removal contribution rate of each unit along the way of three demonstration sites corresponding to low pollution, medium pollution and high pollution types were investigated. The project construction investment and operation cost were analyzed. The results showed that the average removal rates of TSS, COD_Mn, TN, TP and NH₄⁺-N in the three demonstration sites ranged from 48.1% to 60.7%, 50.4% to 60.7%, 52.5% to 59.2%, 64.2% to 71.5% and 72.1% to 80.5%, respectively. Water quality at the outlets was improved obviously and met the standard of Requirement for Water Discharge from Freshwater Aquaculture Pond (SC/T 9101-2007) stably. The treatment effects of combined system in summer were the best, followed by spring and autumn. Even in winter, the system could still run normally and stably to ensure that the water quality reach the standard. Sedimentation pond had the best purifying effects on TSS with the removal rate of 21.3%. Aeration pond had the largest contribution to COD_Mn and NH₄⁺-N with the removal rates of 18.7% and 28.7%, respectively. Ecological pond had the largest contribution to TN and TP removal rates with 16.3% and 28.8%, respectively. The filter dam had good removal effect on all water quality indexes, and the removal range was 7.5% to 11.8%. The construction cost of the aquaculture pond tail water projects were 13 700, 27 750 and 13 040 yuan/hm² for the three demonstration sites. The annual operating and maintenance costs allocating to the ponds every year were 3 250, 3 870 and 4 000 yuan/hm², respectively.
- three ponds and two dams /
- inland aquaculture ponds /
- aquaculture wastewater /
- up-to-standard discharge /
- circulating utilization

HTML全文

参考文献(31)

[1]	SCHWITZGUÉBEL J P, WANG H. Environmental impact of aquaculture and countermeasures to aquaculture pollution in China[J]. Environment Science and Pollution Research, 2007,14(7):452-462.
[2]	董双林, 田相利, 高勤峰. 水产养殖生态学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017.
[3]	CAI C, GU X, YE Y, et al. Assessment of pollutant loads discharged from aquaculture ponds around Tai Lake,China[J]. Aquaculture Research, 2013,44:795-806.
[4]	DAUDA A B, AJADI A, TOLA A S, et al. Waste production in aquaculture:sources,components and managements in different culture systems[J]. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2019,4(3):81-88.
[5]	BURYNIUK M, PETRELL R J, BALDWIN S, et al. Accumulation and natural disintegration of solid wastes caught on a screen suspended below a fish farm cage[J]. Aquacultural Engineering, 2006,35:78-90.
[6]	季明东, 李建平, 叶章颖, 等. 泡沫分离器去除养殖循环水中不同粒径细微颗粒物的效果[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018,34(19):210-215. JI M D, LI J P, YE Z Y, et al. Removing effect of fine particles with different sizes by foam fractionator in recirculating aquaculture system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018,34(19):210-215.
[7]	张明星, 徐仲, 宋伟龙, 等. BCO-MBR系统处理对虾养殖废水及膜污染研究[J]. 哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017,33(2):153-158. ZHANG M X, XU Z, SONG W L, et al. Research on BCO-MBR system used for remove TOC and ammonia nitrogen in shrimp mariculture wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Sciences Edition), 2017,33(2):153-158.
[8]	乔卫龙. 曝气生物滤池工艺处理淡水养殖废水性能研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2019.
[9]	GONVALVES A A, GAGNON G A. Ozone application in recirculating aquaculture system:an overview[J]. Ozone Science and Engineering, 2011,33(5):345-367.
[10]	管崇武, 杨菁, 单建军, 等. 工厂化循环水养殖中臭氧/紫外线反应系统的水处理性能[J]. 农业工程学报, 2014,30(23):253-259. GUAN C W, YANG J, SHAN J J, et al. Water treatment performance of O3/UV reaction system in recirculating aquaculture systems[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014,30(23):253-259.
[11]	段立安, 王雷, 张世霞, 等. 化学絮凝法处理温室龟鳖养殖废水工艺参数优化[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2017,17(2):671-675. DUAN L A, WANG L, ZHAGN S X, et al. Optimization of key operating parameters of coagulation for treating turtle aquaculture sewage[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2017,17(2):671-675.
[12]	吴英杰, 马璐瑶, 陈琛, 等. 北美海蓬子生态浮床对养殖海水的净化和对虾的增产效果[J]. 环境工程学报, 2018,12(12):69-79. WU Y J, MA L Y, CHEN C, et al. Purification of aquaculture seawater and stimulation of shrimp yield by Salicornia bigelovii ecological floating beds[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018,12(12):69-79.
[13]	刘梅, 原居林, 何海生, 等. 微藻在南美白对虾养殖废水中的生长及净化效果[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2018,24(4):866-872. LIU M, YUAN J L, HE H S, et al. Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by eight strains of microalgae and their growth characteristics in Penaeus vannamei sewages[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2018,24(4):866-872.
[14]	曾东, 林方敏, 吴根义, 等. 水力筛网+连续流砂滤+吸附工艺处理海水养殖废水[J]. 中国给水排水, 2019,35(16):97-102. ZENG D, LIN F M, WU G Y, et al. Mariculture wastewater treatment by integrated process of hybrid mesh continuous flow sand filter,and activated carbon adsorption[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2019,35(16):97-102.
[15]	申玉春, 熊邦喜, 叶富良, 等. 虾-鱼-贝-藻生态优化养殖及其水质生物调控技术研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005,24(6):613-618. SHEN Y C, XIONG B X, YE F L, et al. Prawn-fish-shellfish-algae optimal ecoculture and its bio-manipulation technique of water quality[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2005,24(6):613-618.
[16]	LIN Y F, JING S R, LEE D Y, et al. Nutrient removal from aquaculture wastewater using a constructed wetlands system[J]. Aquaculture, 2002,209(1/2/3/4):169-184.
[17]	张正, 王清印, 王印庚, 等. 弧形筛及生物净化池净化陆基工厂化海水养殖废水的效果[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011,27(14):176-181. ZHANG Z, WANG Q Y, WANG Y G, et al. Effluent purification effect of system in sieve bend combined with four grade biological cleansing ponds in industrialized mariculture[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011,27(14):176-181.
[18]	何相逸. 基于CFD的水产养殖水体固液旋流分离装置流场模拟与参数优化[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2018.
[19]	LI C, WONG Y S, TAM F Y. Anaerobic biodegradation of polysyclic arpmatic hydrocarbons with amendment of iron(Ⅲ) in mangrove sediment slurry[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010,101(21):8083-8092.
[20]	LI T, BO L, FAN Y. et al. Comparison of the removal of COD by a hybrid bioreactor at low and room temperature and the associated microbial characteristics[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012,108:28-34. pmid: 22285900
[21]	洪涛, 叶春, 李春华, 等. 微米气泡曝气技术处理黑臭河水的效果研究[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2011,1(1):20-25. HONG T, YE C, LI C H, et al. Treatment effect of micro bubble aeration technology on black-odor river water[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2011,1(1):20-25.
[22]	陆晖, 胡湛波, 蒋哲, 等. 微纳米曝气技术对城市景观水体修复的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016,10(4):183-188. LU H, HU Z B, JIANG Z, et al. Remediation effect of micro-nanometer aeration on urban landscape waters[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,10(4):183-188.
[23]	FLORENT C, JACQUES B, MERLIN G, et al. Seasonal and spatial changes of microorganism communities in constructed wetlands:a community level physiological profiling analysis[J/OL]. International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/490240,article ID 490240.
[24]	陈东兴, 蔡春芳, 华雪铭, 等. 鱼、虾、蟹养殖池塘清塘排水水质及污染强度[J]. 淡水渔业, 2014(1):30-34. CHEN D X, CAI C F, HUA X M, et al. The water quality and pollution intensity of aquaculture pond of fish,shrimp and crab during harvest draining[J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2014(1):30-34.
[25]	杜旭. 曝气对城市重污染河道水体氨挥发的影响[D]. 南京:南京师范大学, 2012.
[26]	LI Z, YU E, ZHANG K, et al. Water treatment effect,microbial community structure,and metabolic characteristics in a field-scale aquaculture wastewater treatment system[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020,11:1-13. pmid: 32082274
[27]	FLOWERS J J, CASKIN T A, MCMAHON K D. Seasonal bacterial community dynamics in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal plant[J]. Water Research, 2013,47(19):7019-7031.
[28]	谢伟红. 农村生活污水处理工程设计、施工及验收中存在的问题与对策[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2012.
[29]	裴建川, 张书廷, 杨金艳, 等. 立体生态模块处理杭州市玉皇山南基金小镇水体氮的效果[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2018,35(6):4-13. PEI J C, ZHANG S T, YANG J Y, et al. Nitrogen removal in landscape water bodies using a vertical ecological module in Yuhuang Shannan Fund Town[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2018,35(6):4-13.
[30]	张翔. 厌氧消化-SBR-絮凝组合工艺处理牛粪废水研究[D]. 郑州:郑州大学, 2008.
[31]	王启镔, 宫徽, 朱越, 等. SBR运行模式对市政污水脱氮除磷性能的影响分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2020,40(4):1167-1173. WANG Q B, GONG W, ZHU Y, et al. Effect of SBR operation mode on performance of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal sewage[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2020,40(4):1167-1173.