Abstract: To analyze the environmental impacts of whole life cycle of photovoltaic module, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to analyze the environmental impacts of photovoltaic module whose life-cycle stages included manufacture, mounting and disposal. The energy, mass inputs and the environment emissions data of manufacture and mounting stages were obtained through field and questionnaire survey, while the data of energy, material input, output and pollutant emission in the disposal stage were obtained by development and application of specific recovery technology. To calculate the environmental impact potentials of manufacture, mounting and disposal stage, the landfill, disassembly and pyrolysis scenario were set up according to different disposal technologies. The results were compared and analyzed. It showed that: 1) The environmental impact potential of manufacture and mounting stages was 13.98 and 1.50 Pt, respectively, for 1 m² photovoltaic module, that of disposal stage under three scenarios was 0.04, -0.62, -3.59 Pt, respectively, and thus that of the whole life cycle was 15.52, 14.86, 11.89 Pt, respectively for the three scenarios. 2) From the viewpoint of environmental impact categories, the whole life cycle environmental impacts focused on respiratory system damage, carcinogenic and climate change. From the viewpoint of factors, power consumption was the main factor, accounting for 64.81%, 67.70% and 84.61%, respectively, under the three scenarios. 3) The environmental impact potential of 1 kW·h of electricity generation from photovoltaic module under the three scenarios was 3.34×10^-3, 3.20×10^-3, 2.56×10^-3 Pt/(kW·h), respectively, which was equivalent to 4.8%, 4.6%, 3.7%, respectively, of that from the current electrical power system (70.1×10^-3 Pt/(kW·h)). 4) From the perspective of carbon emission level, the carbon emission of 1 kW·h of electricity generation from photovoltaic module was 35.68, 33.53, 23.70 g CO₂-eqv/(kW·h), respectively, which was lower than the level of similar studies and China’s electrical power industry. 5) The photovoltaic modules of China installed in the early years were nearing the disposal stage. The vigorous development of the recovery technology could not only achieve resources recovery, but also reduce the environmental impact and carbon emissions of the whole life cycle of photovoltaic modules, thus achieving a win-win situation between environment and energy.