融入变异系数的空气和地表水质量评价方法

冯然; 翟德超; 袁永生

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200262

融入变异系数的空气和地表水质量评价方法

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200262

冯然^1,,
翟德超^2,3,
袁永生^1,*, ,

1.
河海大学理学院
2.
资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
3.
中国科学院大学

详细信息

作者简介:
冯然(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事数理统计学研究, fengran0608@163.com

通讯作者:
袁永生 E-mail: ysyuan3@hhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X82
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-03
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-20

Research on air and surface water quality evaluation method incorporated with the coefficient of variation

FENG Ran^1
,,
ZHAI Dechao^2,3,
YUAN Yongsheng^{1,*
, ,}

1.
College of Science,Hohai University
2.
State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

More Information

Corresponding author: YUAN Yongsheng E-mail: ysyuan3@hhu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 空气质量指数和综合污染指数为近些年国内最常用的环境质量评价方法,二者分别取各监测指标质量分指数的最大值和平均值,使得前者只重视首要污染物,后者忽略了污染物之间的重要性差异。为解决上述问题,将变异系数融入其中,动态调整了污染物项目之间的权重分布,总质量指数为各分指数的加权平均。通过设定滑动抽取的天数/月数,根据实地情况调节评价指数对长期/短期污染物的敏感度,提高了这2种评价方法的合理性和实用性。以2015—2019年北京市密云和西帽山的环境监测数据为例,验证了这2种改进方法的有效性,运用改进的方法分析了该5年北京市空气质量的时空分布变化。结果表明:北京市空气监测指标中的PM_2.5和PM₁₀以及地表水监测指标中的溶解氧、总磷和总氮的变异系数较大;空气质量持续向好,并呈现从北到南逐渐变好的梯度分布。
- 变异系数 /
- 空气质量 /
- 地表水 /
- 质量评价 /
- 空气质量指数 /
- 综合污染指数
Abstract: Air Quality Index and Composite Pollution Index, as the most commonly used environmental quality assessment methods in China in recent years, took the maximum and average values, respectively of the sub-quality indexes for all the monitoring items. However, the former focused only on the primary pollutant, while the latter ignored the importance differences between pollutants. In order to solve these problems, the coefficient of variation was incorporated to adjust the weight distribution among pollutant items dynamically, and the total quality index was the weighted average of each sub-index. By setting the number of days or months of moving extraction, the sensitivity of the evaluation index to long-term/short-term pollutants was regulated according to the local conditions, which improved the rationality and practicability of these two evaluation methods. The environmental monitoring data of Miyun and Ximaoshan in Beijing from 2015 to 2019 were taken as an instance to verify the effectiveness of these two methods. The spatiotemporal distribution variation of the air quality in Beijing in the past five years was analyzed by the improved method. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ (air quality) together with dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen (surface water) were larger, and the air quality had been getting better and presented a gradient distribution from north to south.
- coefficient of variation /
- air quality /
- surface water /
- quality assessment /
- air quality index /
- composite pollution index

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