我国废PET饮料瓶产生量与回收水平研究

毕莹莹; 刘景洋; 董莉; 孙晓明

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210123

我国废PET饮料瓶产生量与回收水平研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210123

国家环境保护生态工业重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1903601）

详细信息

作者简介:
毕莹莹(1990—)，女，工程师，硕士，主要从事固体废物处置与资源化研究，biyyjob@163.com

通讯作者:
刘景洋(1974—)，男，研究员，博士，主要从事生态工业、循环经济方面的研究， liujy@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X705
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-13

Study on the production and recovery level of waste PET drinking bottles in China

State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要: 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）饮料瓶属一次性塑料包装，应用广泛且周期短，废弃量大，从节约资源、减少碳排放和保护环境等方面看，废PET饮料瓶回收都具有重要的意义。基于PET瓶装的饮料产量和PET瓶消费量的正相关性，建立了饮料总产量－PET瓶装的饮料产量－废PET饮料瓶产生量（PET饮料瓶消费量）间的数量响应关系，结合灰色模型，预测2020—2025年我国废PET饮料瓶的产生量；根据国内PET饮料瓶回收现状和物质代谢定性分析，确定了废PET饮料瓶的主要流向；通过问卷调查和现场实测，测算出现阶段我国PET饮料瓶回收总体水平。结果表明：2020—2025年，我国废PET饮料瓶的年产生量预测值为370万~409万t，主要流向回收利用体系、餐厨垃圾处理厂、垃圾填埋场、垃圾焚烧发电厂以及海滩等地，其中流向餐厨垃圾处理厂、垃圾填埋场、垃圾焚烧发电厂、海滩等地的废PET饮料瓶所占比例总体低于5%，即全国废PET饮料瓶回收率在95%以上，处于较高的回收水平。
- PET /
- 饮料瓶 /
- 消费量 /
- 灰色预测 /
- 回收率 /
- 物质代谢
Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate(PET) drinking bottles are a kind of disposable plastic packaging, which are widely used with a short cycle and a large amount of waste. From the perspectives of saving resources, reducing carbon emissions and protecting the environment, the recycling of waste PET drinking bottles is of great significance. Based on the positive correlation between the output of PET bottled drinks and the consumption of PET bottles, the quantity response relationship among “total output of drinks - output of PET bottled drinks - production or consumption of PET bottles” was established. Combined with grey model, the waste PET drinking bottle production from 2020 to 2025 in China was predicted. According to the status of PET drinking bottles recycling and qualitative analysis of material metabolism, the main flow directions of waste PET drinking bottles were determined. Through questionnaire surveys and field measurements, the overall level of PET drinking bottles recycling in China at the present stage was calculated. The results showed that, from 2020 to 2025, the annual production of waste PET drinking bottles in China would be in the range of 3.7 million to 4.09 million tons, and they would mainly flow to the recycling system, kitchen waste treatment plants, landfills, waste incineration power plants and beaches. And the total proportion of waste PET drinking bottles flowing to kitchen waste treatment plants, landfills, waste incineration power plants and beaches would be less than 5%, that is, the recycling rate of waste PET drinking bottles would be more than 95% in China on the whole, being at a relatively high recycling level.
- PET /
- drinking bottle /
- consumption /
- grey prediction /
- recovery rate /
- material metabolism

HTML全文

图 1 废PET饮料瓶物质代谢的物质流分析框架

Figure 1. Material flow analysis framework for material metabolism of waste PET drinking bottles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 问卷调查结果

Figure 2. Results of questionnaire

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2020—2025年我国废PET饮料瓶产生量预测值

Figure 3. Forecasted production of waste PET drinking bottles in China in 2020-2025

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 调查中不同类型PET饮料瓶质量及占比

Figure 4. Quality and weight of different types of PET drinking bottles in the survey

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2014—2019年我国饮料瓶产生量

Table 1. Total drinking bottles production from2014 to 2019 in China 万t

年份	饮料总产量	废PET饮料瓶产生量
2014	16 677.10	415
2015	17 661.00	440
2016	18 345.20	457
2017	18 051.20	449
2018	15 679.20	389
2019	17 763.48	442

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表 2 废PET饮料瓶产生量数据校验结果与相对残差

Table 2. Data verification and relative residuals of waste PET drinking bottle production

项目	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年	2019年
级比	0.943 2	0.962 8	1.017 8	1.154 2	0.880 1
相对残差	0	0.026 3	0.031 2	0.033 3	0.094 0

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表 3 海洋垃圾分类^[22]

Table 3. Classification of marine garbage

垃圾来源	垃圾种类
航运/捕鱼活动	废弃渔网及碎片、鱼线、浮漂等
医疗/卫生用品	注射器、卫生巾、尿布等
吸烟相关垃圾	烟头、烟盒、打火机等
人类海岸活动和娱乐活动	塑料瓶、快餐盒、饮料罐、报纸、塑料袋等
其他弃置物	轮胎、荧光灯管、窗纱、电线、灯泡、玻璃片等

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