生态恢复模式对若尔盖高寒沙化草地土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响

朱粟锋; 刘煜杰; 张强; 江聪; 简小枚; 税伟

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210138

生态恢复模式对若尔盖高寒沙化草地土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210138

朱粟锋^1,,
刘煜杰¹,
张强¹,
江聪²,
简小枚³,
税伟^4, ,

1.
中国环境科学研究院
2.
北京大学城市与环境学院
3.
中国科学院城市环境研究所
4.
福州大学环境与资源学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41701601，41871196）；福州大学科技发展基金资助项目(510211)

详细信息

作者简介:
朱粟锋(1994—)，男，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事生态环境保护与修复研究，Zhu.sufeng@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
税伟(1974—)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事生态地理、土地利用/覆被变化与生态环境效应研究， shuiwei@fzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-20

Effects of ecological restoration patterns on soil microbial community functional diversity in Zoige alpine desertification grassland

1.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University
3.
Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
4.
College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University

摘要

摘要: 若尔盖高原生态战略地位突出，在维持地区生物多样性、生态系统稳定等方面起到重要作用。研究不同生态恢复模式下土壤微生物群落功能多样性，有助于为在高寒草地以及全国其他类似地区实施退牧还草、退耕还林还草等生态环境重建工作提供科学依据。以若尔盖草地不同恢复模式下的土壤微生物群落为研究对象，采用Biolog微平板法对比研究了生态治理措施对沙化草地生态系统及其土壤微生物功能多样性的影响。结果表明：人工生态恢复模式提高了沙化草地土壤微生物的活性，其中灌草间作模式下的恢复样地与自然恢复样地在稳定时二者的平均颜色变化率差值达到0.761；灌草间作模式下草地土壤微生物群落的Shannon指数、Simpson指数及McIntosh指数分别为3.290、0.960和10.408，均比草地建植模式下高，该模式能为土壤微生物群落提供更多的生态位；灌草间作恢复模式下草地土壤微生物群落利用各类碳源能力较其他恢复模式高，碳水化合物和氨基酸类是若尔盖草地土壤微生物群落利用最多的碳源；采用灌草间作模式的人工治理方式，同时结合增加草地土壤中碳水化合物、氨基酸类等碳源含量的生物措施，可以高效地治理若尔盖高寒沙化草地。
- 若尔盖 /
- 高寒沙化 /
- 生态恢复 /
- 土壤微生物 /
- 功能多样性
Abstract: The prominent ecological strategic position of Zoige Plateau plays an important role in maintaining regional biodiversity and ecosystem stability. The study on the functional diversity of soil microbial community under different ecological restoration models is helpful to provide a scientific basis for the ecological environment reconstruction of alpine grassland and other similar regions in China, such as returning grazing to grassland, returning farmland to forest and grassland. The soil microbial community under different restoration modes in Zoige grassland was taken as the research object, and Biolog microplate method was used to compare the effects of ecological management measures on the ecosystem of sandy grassland and the diversity of soil microbial function. The results showed that the artificial ecological restoration model improved the activity of soil microorganisms in the sandy grassland, and the average well color development (AWCD) value of the restoration sample plot under the shrub-grass intercropping mode and the natural restoration sample plot reached 0.761 at stable state. Shannon index, Simpson index and McIntosh index of soil microbial community in the shrub-grass intercropping mode were higher than those in the grassland planting mode, and the index values were 3.290, 0.960 and 10.408, respectively. This mode could provide more niches for soil microbial communities. The carbon source capacity of grassland soil microbial community under shrub-grass intercropping restoration mode was higher than that under other restoration modes. Carbohydrates and amino acids were the most used carbon sources in Zoige grassland soil microbial community. The artificial management mode of shrub-grass intercropping combined with the biological measures to increase the carbon sources such as carbohydrates and amino acids in the grassland soil could be used to control the alpine sandy grassland in Zoige more efficiently.
- Zoige /
- alpine desertification /
- ecological restoration /
- soil microorganism /
- functional diversity

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图 1 若尔盖县区位

Figure 1. Location of Zoige County

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图 2 不同生态恢复模式的治理样地

Figure 2. Test samples of different ecological restoration patterns

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图 3 土壤微生物群落平均颜色变化率

Figure 3. Average well color development (AWCD) of soil microbial community

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图 4 土壤微生物群落对不同碳源的利用能力

Figure 4. Utilization capacity of soil microbial community to different carbon sources

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图 5 土壤微生物群落主成分分析

A2—β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷；A3—D-半乳糖酸-γ-内脂；A4—L-精氨酸；B1—丙酮酸甲酯；B2—D-木糖；B3—D-半乳糖醛酸；B4—L-天门冬酰胺；C1—吐温40；C2—i-赤藓糖醇；C3—2-羟基苯甲酸；C4—L-苯基丙氨酸；D1—吐温80；D2—D-甘露醇；D3—4-羟基苯甲酸；D4—L-丝氨酸；E1—α-环式糊精；E2—N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺；E3—γ-羟基丁酸；E4—L-苏氨酸；F1—肝糖；F2—D-葡萄糖胺酸；F3—衣康酸；F4—甘氨酰-L-谷氨酸；G1—D-纤维二糖；G2—α-D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸；G3—α-丁酮酸；G4—苯乙胺；H1—α-D-乳糖；H2—D,L-α-磷酸甘油；H3—D-苹果酸；H4—腐胺。

Figure 5. Principal component analysis of soil microbial community

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表 1 样地基本信息及群落组成

Table 1. Basic information and community composition of plots

生态恢复模式	东经	北纬	海拔/m	恢复年限/a	覆盖度/%
灌草间作模式	102^○33'32.87''	33^○55'28.16''	3 425.2	10	80
灌草间作模式对照	102^○33'55.37''	33^○55'21.76''	3 420.0		3
草地建植模式	102^○33'45''	33^○51'24.78''	3 552.8	10	90
草地建植模式对照	102^○33'44.24''	33^○51'24.44''	3 547.1		5

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表 2 不同生态恢复模式下草地微生物群落功能多样性

Table 2. Function diversity index of grassland microbial community of different ecological restoration patterns

生态恢复模式	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	McIntosh指数
灌草间作模式	3.290±0.005a	0.960±0.000a	10.408±0.185a
草地建植模式	3.139±0.003b	0.953±0.001a	7.902±0.290b
灌草间作模式对照	2.884±0.077c	0.935±0.005b	6.848±0.163c
草地建植模式对照	2.848±0.080c	0.935±0.006b	7.909±0.709b
注：数据以(平均值±标准差)表示；不同字母表示不同模式间差异显著(P＜0.05)，相同字母表示差异不显著(P＞0.05)。

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