Application of a new-type double medium pneumatic atomization spray system in odour treatment in a municipal wastewater treatment plant
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摘要:
以城市污水厂格栅间为研究对象，在分析恶臭气体产生特性的基础上，研发出新型双介质气动雾化喷淋系统，并对系统运行参数进行了优化。将该系统应用于北京市某城市污水厂格栅间，考察了其对硫化氢和氨的去除效果。结果表明，该系统对污水厂格栅间的硫化氢和氨的去除率分别为90.54%~97.80%和93.75%~99.42%，取得了较好的除臭效果。该系统投资费用为95万元，运行费用为3.62万元/a，其中水费占运行费用的51.10%。新型双介质气动雾化喷淋系统较好适用于城市污水厂分散点源恶臭气体的原位处理。
Abstract:Taking the screen room in municipal sewage treatment plants (MSTPs) as the object, a new-type double medium pneumatic atomization spray system was developed based on the characterisctics of odour from scattered sources in MSTPs, and the operating parameters of the system were optimized. The system was applied in a MSTP in Beijing and its performence was studied. The results showed that the removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the screen room were 90.54%-97.80% and 93.75%-99.42%, respectively with a good deodorization effect. The investment cost of the system was 950 000 yuan, and the operating cost was 36 200 yuan/a. The water cost accounted for 51.10% of the operating cost. The new-type double medium pneumatic atomization spray system is suitable for the in-situ treatment of odour from scattered sources in MSTPs.
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图 1 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统组成示意
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
图 2 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统流程
Figure 2. Operation flow of the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
图 3 喷雾压力对不同雾化喷头喷雾面积、喷雾流量和雾化粒径的影响
Figure 3. Influence of spraying pressure on spraying area, spraying flow and atomization particle size of different spraying nozzles
表 1 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统主要部件及参数
Table 1. Main components and parameters of the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
部件 数量/个 设计参数 设备主体 1 长×宽×高为90 cm×70 cm×130 cm 多级过滤器 1 三级PPF滤芯 加液泵 1 可调配比例为0.1%~10% 菌液储存箱 1 容积为20 L 增压泵 1 压力为100~300 kPa，流量为1~3 m³/h 管道式加热器 1 加热温度为10~40 ℃ 螺杆空压机 1 螺杆式，产气量≥1 000 L/min 储气罐 1 立式，容积为300 L 空气过滤器 1 滤芯有效过滤面积为0.01 m2 超声雾化喷头 12~18 产雾量为2.8~4.2 L/h 
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表 2 某城市污水厂格栅间产生的硫化氢和氨浓度
Table 2. Concentration of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia produced in screen room in a MSTP
mg/m3 格栅状态 硫化氢 氨 浓度 平均浓度 浓度 平均浓度 运行时 0.03~1.58 0.23±0.02 0~5.47 3.32±0.24 停止运行后1 h 0.01~0.18 0.04±0.01 0~0.23 0.14±0.02
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表 3 不同孔径雾化喷头的喷雾压力和喷雾流量
Table 3. Spraying pressure and spraying flow of spraying nozzles with different apertures
编号 孔径/mm 喷雾压力/（kg/cm2） 喷雾流量/（mL/min） 1# 0.15 15~90 20~46 2# 0.20 15~90 49~89 3# 0.30 10~90 80~145 4# 0.40 10~90 95~178 5# 0.50 10~90 130~243
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表 4 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统对硫化氢和氨的去除率
Table 4. Removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
运行时间/d 硫化氢 氨 喷淋前浓度/(mg/m3) 喷淋后浓度/(mg/m3) 去除率/% 喷淋前浓度/(mg/m3) 喷淋后浓度/(mg/m3) 去除率/% 1 1.26 0.05 96.20 1.58 0.10 93.76 8 0.69 0.03 95.45 2.65 0.16 94.14 17 0.27 0.01 97.70 0.88 0.05 94.04 26 1.09 0.07 93.16 3.32 0.09 97.33 33 1.37 0.10 92.94 2.77 0.13 95.45 41 1.48 0.06 95.68 2.34 0.13 94.33 50 1.26 0.05 96.32 2.68 0.11 96.08 57 0.97 0.07 93.04 3.14 0.09 97.10 65 1.13 0.11 90.54 3.02 0.15 95.13 75 0.87 0.05 94.07 2.89 0.14 95.00 83 1.13 0.02 97.80 2.57 0.03 98.78 92 1.51 0.11 92.78 2.47 0.15 93.75 100 0.89 0.07 91.92 3.08 0.19 93.98 109 0.74 0.07 90.67 3.16 0.02 99.42 120 1.46 0.11 92.46 3.97 0.23 94.20
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表 5 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统的投资费用
Table 5. Investment costs of the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
万元 项目 费用 备注 设备工程 40 过滤单元、自动配比系统、增压系统、
自保护组件及其安装费用电气工程 20 智能控制系统、电器和电缆等费用 喷淋管线 20 内置管路系统、喷雾管路系统等费用 其他费用 15 安装和辅助材料等费用 合计 95
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表 6 双介质气动雾化喷淋系统的运行费用
Table 6. Operating costs of the double medium pneumatic atomization spray system
项目 单位费用 总费用/
（万元/a）备注 电费 1.0元/(kW·h) 0.02 循环水泵功率为2.2 kW 水费 8.0元/m3 1.85 用水量为6.33 m3/d 除臭菌剂费 400元/m3 1.75 除臭菌剂使用量为0.015 m3/d 合计 3.62
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