生物炭负载纳米零价铁去除废水中重金属的研究进展

李华夏; 林毅; 周小斌; 林华

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210242

生物炭负载纳米零价铁去除废水中重金属的研究进展

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210242

桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院

基金项目: 广西自然科学基金项目（2020GXNSFAA297256）；广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目（桂财教函〔2018〕319）；广西八桂学者和特聘专家项目；桂林理工大学科研基金项目（GUTQDJJ2019123）

详细信息

作者简介:
李华夏(1995—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为重金属污染治理，923314699@qq.com

通讯作者:
林华（1984—），副教授，博士，研究方向为重金属污染治理、水污染控制技术，linhua5894@163.com

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-21
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-07

Research progress on heavy metals removal from wastewater by biochar-supported nano zero-valent iron

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology

摘要

摘要:
纳米零价铁（nZVI）因比表面积大、反应活性高及独特的核壳结构，在去除水中重金属方面具有良好的应用前景。但nZVI自身存在易团聚、易氧化失活等缺点，使其工业推广和应用受到限制。将nZVI负载于生物炭（BC）制备生物炭负载型纳米零价铁（nZVI@BC）复合材料可在一定程度上克服nZVI的缺点，提高nZVI与重金属的反应活性。综述了nZVI@BC去除水中重金属的研究现状，着重介绍了不同BC材料用于nZVI@BC的制备、BC的改性及nZVI的修饰对nZVI@BC去除重金属性能的影响，阐述了nZVI@BC去除几种典型重金属的反应机理，并对nZVI@BC应用于水中重金属去除的发展前景进行了展望。
- 生物炭 /
- 纳米零价铁(nZVI) /
- 改性 /
- 重金属 /
- 机理
Abstract:
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has a large specific surface area, high reactivity and unique core-shell structure, which has a good application prospect in the removal of heavy metals in water. However, nZVI itself has some disadvantages such as easy agglomeration and oxidation deactivation, and its industrial promotion and application are limited. The biochar-supported nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI@BC) composite prepared by loading nZVI on biochar (BC) can overcome the shortcomings of nZVI to a certain extent and improve the reaction activity of nZVI with heavy metals. The research status of nZVI@BC removal of heavy metals from water was reviewed. The preparation of nZVI@BC with different BC materials, the modification of BC and the influence of nZVI modification on the removal performance of heavy metals from nZVI@BC were emphatically introduced. The reaction mechanism of nZVI@BC removal of several typical heavy metals was described. The development prospect of nZVI@BC in removing heavy metals from water was also prospected.
- biochar /
- nano zero valent iron(nZVI) /
- modify /
- heavy metals /
- mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 nZVI去除不同重金属的机理示意

Figure 1. Mechanism of different heavy metals removal by nZVI

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表 1 不同BC制备的nZVI@BC对水溶液中重金属的最大吸附容量

Table 1. Maximum adsorption capacity of heavy metals by nZVI@BC prepared by different BC in aqueous solution

BC原料	吸附的重金属	吸附容量/(mg/g)
烟厂污泥^[23]	Cr(Ⅵ)	75.23
松木^[24]	As(Ⅴ)	124.5
水稻^[25]	Cr(Ⅵ)	111.9
湿地芦苇^[26]	Cr(Ⅵ)/Pb(Ⅱ)/Cd(Ⅱ)	23.09/38.31/39.53
杏仁壳^[27]	Cr(Ⅵ)	24.16

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表 2 不同化学方法改性BC制备的nZVI@BC对重金属的吸附容量

Table 2. Adsorption capacity of heavy metals by nZVI@BC with BC modified by different chemical methods

改性方法	吸附的重金属	吸附容量/(mg/g)
碳酸氢钠和生物质共同热解^[28]	Pb(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅱ)/ Zn(Ⅱ)	194.7/137.6 /154.8
磷酸预处理生物质^[30]	Cr(Ⅵ)	209.93

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表 3 不同nZVI改性方法制备的nZVI@BC对重金属的吸附性能

Table 3. Adsorption capacity of heavy metals by nZVI@BC with nZVI modified by different methods

改性方法	吸附的重金属	吸附容量/(mg/g)
CMC改性^[36]	Cr(Ⅵ)	132.8
PEG改性^[37]	Cr(Ⅵ)	125.22
二亚硫酸钠改性^[38]	Cr(Ⅵ)	139.5
SC改性^[39]	Cr(Ⅵ)	199.46
添加金属Pd^[40]	Cr(Ⅵ)	117.1

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