Effect of amended filler fold-flow bioretention system on nitrogen and phosphorus reduction in rainwater
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摘要:
针对生物滞留池对雨水中氮、磷去除效果不稳定，甚至出现负去除现象，开展改良生物滞留系统的研究。通过构建直流式和折流式2种生物滞留系统，分别填充传统填料和羟基铝蛭石污泥颗粒（HAVSP）改良填料，搭建传统填料直流式生物滞留柱（1#）、改良填料直流式生物滞留柱（2#）、改良填料折流式生物滞留柱（3#）3个模拟试验柱；比较了3个模拟试验柱对雨水中氮、磷的去除效果，并探讨了HAVSP对生物滞留填料的改良作用。结果表明：HAVSP改良填料折流式生物滞留系统对氮、磷的削减效果比传统填料和改良填料直流式生物滞留系统更加明显，且在350 mm淹没出流高度时对氮、磷削减效果最佳，总氮和硝态氮去除率最高可达76%和77%。
Abstract:The study on the amended bioretention systems was conducted in view of the instability and even the negative removal of N, P in rainwater by the bioretention tanks. By constructing two systems of straight-flow and fold-flow bioretention, traditional fillers and hydroxy-aluminium vermiculite sludge particle (HAVSP) were filled respectively. Three simulation test device columns were set up, of which 1# was a traditional filling straight-flow bioretention column, 2# was a modified filling straight-flow bioretention column, and 3# was a modified filling fold-flow bioretention column. The removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in rainwater under three simulated experimental devices was compared, and the improvement effect of HAVSP on bioretention filler was discussed. The results showed that the reduction effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in HAVSP amended filler fold-flow bioretention system was more obvious than that in conventional filler and amended filler straight-flow bioretention system, and had the best effect on nitrogen and phosphorus reduction when the outflow height was 350 mm, with total nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen removal rates up to 76% and 77%, respectively.
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Key words:
- bioretention system /
- amended filler /
- straight-flow /
- fold-flow /
- nitrogen removal /
- phosphorus removal
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图 1 生物滞留试验柱剖面
注：图中数字为试验柱尺寸，mm。
Figure 1. Profile of the biological retention test column
图 2 1#和2#柱出水不同形态氮与总磷浓度及去除率
Figure 2. Concentrations and removal rates of different forms of nitrogen and total phosphorus of 1# and 2# test column effluent
图 3 3#柱不同淹没出流高度出水各形态氮与总磷浓度及去除率
Figure 3. Concentrations and removal rates of different forms of nitrogen and total phosphorus in effluent at different submerged outflow heights of 3# test column
表 1 各生物滞留试验柱内的填充物
Table 1. Materials filled in bioretention test columns
填充物 高度/
mm1#柱 2#柱、3#柱 覆盖层 70 树皮和有机质 树皮和有机质 种植土壤层 250 校园绿化带土壤 校园绿化带土壤 上层填料层 450 沙子 石英砂 下层填料层 200 沙子 90%沙+5%木屑+5%HAVSP 砂滤层 90 粗砂（直径1~2 cm） 粗砂（直径1~2 cm） 砾石排水层 100 砾石（直径12~35 mm）+DN25穿孔管 砾石（直径12~35 mm）+DN25穿孔管 
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表 2 模拟雨水的污染物来源及浓度
Table 2. Sources and concentrations of pollutants in simulated rainwater
mg/L 进水浓度 水质指标 总氮 氨氮 硝态氮 总磷 低浓度（1~3场） 4 1 1 1 中浓度（4~6场） 8 2 2 2 高浓度（7~9场） 16 4 4 4
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表 3 HAVSP主要元素组成
Table 3. Main element composition of HAVSP
元素 质量占比/% 质量占比偏差/% 原子占比/% 元素 质量占比/% 质量占比偏差/% 原子占比/% Fe 6.12 0.14 1.75 P 0.07 0.03 0.03 Al 8.21 0.08 4.86 N 0.00 0.52 0.00 Si 10.42 0.09 5.93 C 41.32 0.32 54.96 Ca 0.08 0.03 0.03 O 31.50 0.24 31.46
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