Abstract: Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People's Republic of China (EIA Law for short) is an important basis for the safety supervision of nuclear facilities and plays an important role in nuclear safety supervision. By sorting out the specific clauses in the EIA Law, combined with the relevant requirements of EIA in the safety supervision of nuclear facilities, summarizing the review procedures and supervision requirements of EIA in the safety supervision of nuclear facilities, and using the research method combining analysis and descriptive statistics, the research on the effectiveness of the implementation of EIA Law in the supervision of nuclear facilities was carried out. The research was from three aspects, i.e. the construction of nuclear safety regulations and standards related to EIA Law, the changing trend of nuclear facility emissions under the supervision of EIA Law, and the implementation of "decentralization, regulation and service" to optimize EIA procedures. The results showed that, under the guidance of EIA Law, the nuclear facility safety regulation and the standard system had been continuously improved, the effluent and solid waste discharges and productions of nuclear facilities had been continuously optimized, the focus of supervision had become clearer, and the quality of EIA had been continuously improved. At the same time, from the perspectives of the inspection and random inspection mechanism, the implementation of post-evaluation and the specific supervision contents of EIA, the shortcomings of EIA Law in the supervision of nuclear facilities were put forward, with relevant suggestions given.