污泥-稻壳协同焚烧对污泥磷资源回收效率的影响

熊巧; 吕航; 吕瑞斌; 吴翔; 吴旭

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210484

污泥-稻壳协同焚烧对污泥磷资源回收效率的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210484

熊巧^1,,
吕航¹,
吕瑞斌¹,
吴翔¹,
吴旭^{1, 2, ,}

1.
华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院
2.
湖北华德莱节能减排科技有限公司

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（51908233）

详细信息

作者简介:
熊巧（1988—），女，博士后，主要研究方向为固体废物资源化，xiongqiao@hust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吴旭（1984—），男，教授，主要研究方向为环境电化学，profxuwu@hust.edu.cn

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-06

Effect of sludge-rice husk co-incineration on the recovery efficiency of sludge phosphorus resources

XIONG Qiao^1
,,
LÜ Hang¹,
LÜ Ruibin¹,
WU Xiang¹,
WU Xu^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
2.
Hubei Huadelai Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Technology Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
污水处理厂污泥中含有丰富的营养元素磷，回收其中的磷在一定程度上能缓解磷资源的衰竭。利用焚烧法处理污泥，以稻壳作为添加物，采用Hedley逐级提取法和酸浸出法考察污泥-稻壳焚烧灰中磷的形态和浸出效果的变化，并探讨稻壳添加量对焚烧灰中磷形态的影响。结果表明：当稻壳添加量为总质量的50%时，磷的生物可利用性最高；响应曲面法优化结果表明，最佳试验条件是HCl浓度、浸出时间和液固比分别为0.33 mol/L，6.4 h和50 mL/g，该条件下，磷的浸出率达93%，与污泥焚烧灰相比提高了20%；比较污泥灰、稻壳灰及污泥-稻壳混烧灰的理化性质可知，污泥-稻壳协同焚烧并未改变污泥灰和稻壳灰的主要组分，但出现了新的物相，形貌也发生了一定变化。污泥-稻壳协同焚烧能提高焚烧灰中磷的浸出率，从而有利于从污泥中回收磷资源。
- 污泥 /
- 稻壳 /
- 焚烧灰 /
- 磷 /
- 酸浸出 /
- 协同焚烧
Abstract:
The sludge of sewage treatment plants is rich in phosphorus and recycling phosphorus from sludge can alleviate phosphorus depletion to a certain extent. Sludge was treated by incineration, with rice husk as an additive, and the variation of phosphorus fraction and extraction efficiency in sludge-rice husk incineration ash were investigated by using Hedley's stepwise extraction method and acid extraction method. The effect of rice husk dose on phosphorus fraction in incineration ash was explored. The results showed that the phosphorus bioavailability was the best when the dose of rice husk was 50% of the total mass. Based on the optimization by response surface method, the optimal condition was found that HCl concentration, extraction time, and the ratio of liquid and solid were 0.33 mol/L, 6.4 h, and 50 mL/g, respectively. The phosphorus extraction efficiency at the optimal experimental condition was as high as 93%, which was 20% higher than that of sludge incineration ash. Through comparing the physical and chemical properties of sludge ash, rice husk ash and ash of co-incineration, it was found that the co-incineration of sludge and rice husk did not change the main components of sludge ash and rice husk ash, but the new phase was generated and the morphology changed. The results illustrated that the co-incineration of sludge and rice husk could improve the phosphorus extraction efficiency of incineration ashes, which was beneficial to the recovery of phosphorus resources from sludge.
- sludge /
- rice husk /
- incineration ash /
- phosphorus /
- acid extraction /
- co-incineration

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图 1 污泥、稻壳以及不同焚烧灰中磷形态分布

Figure 1. Phosphorus fraction distribution of sludge, rice husk and different incineration ashes

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图 2 各因素交互影响二维平面图和三维响应曲面

Figure 2. Planar and 3D response surface plots of interaction of various factors

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图 3 污泥、稻壳以及不同焚烧灰的磷浸出率与浸出量

Figure 3. Phosphorus extraction efficiency and phosphorus extraction capacity of sludge, rice husk and different incineration ashes

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图 4 SA、RA以及55A的扫描电镜图

Figure 4. SEM images of SA, RA and 55A

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图 5 SA、RA及55A的XRD图谱

1—石英；2—白云母；3—AlPO₄；4—MgAL₂(PO4)₂(OH）_2·8H₂O；5—Na₄SiO4；6—钙沸石

Figure 5. XRD patterns of SA, RA and 55A

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表 1 污泥与稻壳的基本性质

Table 1. Basic properties of sludge and rice husk

样品	含水率/%	pH
污泥	56.68±0.50	6.84±0.05
稻壳	8.25±0.40	7.45±0.03

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表 2 污泥和稻壳的工业分析和元素分析

Table 2. Proximate analysis and elemental analysis of sludge and rice husk %　

样品	灰分	挥发分	固定碳	C	H	N	O
污泥	47.35	40.25	12.40	28.41	4.62	4.75	14.84
稻壳	11.25	78.56	10.19	40.61	5.83	0.80	41.57

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表 3 污泥和稻壳的化学组成

Table 3. Chemical composition of sludge and rice husk %　

样品	SiO₂	MgO	Fe₂O₃	Na₂O	CaO	Al₂O₃	K₂O	SO₃	P₂O₃	LOI¹⁾
污泥	17.0	0.94	3.79	3.79	2.43	8.59	1.15	0.34	5.34	56.98
稻壳	8.40	0.11	0.08	0.03	0.16	2.32	0.60	0.22	0.22	87.75
1) LOI表示1 200 ℃时的质量损失率。

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表 4 不同焚烧灰的产率和总磷浓度

Table 4. Yield and total phosphorus content of different incineration ashes

试验组	焚烧灰产率/%	总磷浓度/（mg/g）
SA	48.4±1.05	47.8±1.25
91A	44.7±0.78	47.2±0.85
73A	37.2±0.56	43.8±0.56
55A	29.7±0.49	40.5±0.35
RA	11.2±0.25	7.85±0.78

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表 5 BBD试验设计因素和水平

Table 5. Design factors and levels in BBD experiments

因素	编号	水平范围
		低	高
		−1	1
HCl浓度/(mol/L)	A	0.1	0.4
浸出时间/h	B	2	10
液固比/(mL/g)	C	30	70

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表 6 BBD试验设计和磷去除效果

Table 6. BBD experimental design and phosphorus removal efficiency

序号	编号			P_e/%
序号	A	B	C	P_e/%
1	0.10	10	50	65.1
2	0.10	6	30	55.8
3	0.25	6	50	86.5
4	0.25	2	70	60.4
5	0.40	10	50	89.7
6	0.25	6	50	87.1
7	0.40	2	50	83.6
8	0.40	6	70	90.2
9	0.25	10	70	77.0
10	0.25	6	50	86.4
11	0.25	6	50	86.9
12	0.25	6	50	87.2
13	0.40	6	30	77.2
14	0.25	2	30	64.1
15	0.25	10	30	64.6
16	0.10	6	70	60.5
17	0.10	2	50	55.1

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表 7 SA、RA、55A的化学组成

Table 7. Chemical composition of SA, RA and 55A %　

样品	SiO₂	MgO	Fe₂O₃	Na₂O	CaO	Al₂O₃	K₂O	SO₃	P₂O₃
SA	42.5	1.89	7.98	5.25	4.12	17.28	2.52	1.02	9.83
RA	82.5	0.95	0.85	0.28	0.95	5.68	4.95	0.85	1.85
55A	55.8	1.75	7.66	3.56	2.59	14.9	3.61	0.92	7.65

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