SEMS系统引入机动车排放检测可行性研究

屈小梭; 陈鹏; 吴倩; 包鸿; 白艳英; 谢琼; 吉喆

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210581

SEMS系统引入机动车排放检测可行性研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210581

屈小梭^1,,
陈鹏²,
吴倩¹,
包鸿²,
白艳英¹,
谢琼¹,
吉喆^1, ,

1.
中国环境科学研究院机动车排污监控中心
2.
泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFE0106800）

详细信息

作者简介:
屈小梭（1989—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事机动车污染防治研究，xsqu2009@163.com

通讯作者:
吉喆（1983—），男，高级工程师，主要从事机动车污染防治研究，jizhe@vecc.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-14

Feasibility study on the introduction of SEMS technology to motor vehicle emission testing

QU Xiaosuo^1
,,
CHEN Peng²,
WU Qian¹,
BAO Hong²,
BAI Yanying¹,
XIE Qiong¹,
JI Zhe^{1
, ,}

1.
Vehicle Emission Control Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
机动车排放实验室测试与实际道路测试结果间存在较大差距，目前实际道路测试普遍采用车载排放系统（portable emission measurement system，PEMS），但PEMS系统具有操作复杂、测试装置整体较重等缺点，急需简单易行的实际道路排放测试系统。基于传感器技术的机动车智能排放测试系统（smart emission measurement system，SEMS），结构简单，操作方便，将其引入机动车实际行驶排放检测非常必要，但国内缺乏SEMS系统测试应用相关研究。通过研究国内外SEMS系统现状，并开展相关对比测试试验，研究SEMS系统引入机动车排放检测可行性与存在的问题。结果表明：SEMS系统测试的颗粒物数量（PN）与PEMS测试结果的差异为10%~30%；氮氧化物（NO_x）排放量与实际道路对比测试结果差异较大，特别是激烈驾驶情况下，最大差异高达369%；PN和NO_x排放测试结果瞬时分布和累计分布趋势较为一致。基于测试试验及结果分析，探讨了SEMS系统引入机动车排放检测的可行性，提出SEMS系统引入机动车排放检测具备一定可行性，可用于NO_x和PN高排放车辆筛查。
- 机动车 /
- 机动车智能排放测试系统（SEMS） /
- 排放检测 /
- 车载排放系统（PEMS） /
- 可行性
Abstract:
There is a big gap between the motor vehicle emission laboratory test and the actual road test, and the actual road test generally uses portable emission measurement system (PEMS) technology, but PEMS test has the disadvantages of complicated operation and heavy test equipment, and there is an urgent need for simple and easy actual road emission test technology. Smart Emission Measurement System (SEMS), based on sensor technology for motor vehicles emission test, has a simple system structure and convenient operation, and it is very necessary to introduce it into the actual driving emission testing of motor vehicles. There was a lack of SEMS technology testing and application research in China. By studying the current research status of SEMS technology, and carrying out comparative test experiments, the feasibility of introducing SEMS technology into motor vehicle emission testing and the problems were studied. The results showed that the difference between the particle number (PN) tested by SEMS and PEMS technologies was in the range of 10%-30%. The actual road comparison test results of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emission had a large deviation, especially in the case of intense driving, and the maximum deviation was as high as 369%. The instantaneous distribution and cumulative distribution trends of PN and NO_x emission test results were relatively agreeable. Based on the test experiments and result analysis, the feasibility of introducing SEMS technology into vehicle emission testing was explored, which had certain feasibility and could be used for NO_x and PN high-emission vehicle screening.
- motor vehicles /
- smart emission measurement system (SEMS) /
- emission testing /
- portable emission measurement system (PEMS) /
- feasibility

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图 1 实验室对比测试安装

Figure 1. Laboratory comparison test installation diagram

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图 2 常温WLTC循环PN测试曲线

Figure 2. PN test curve of normal temperature WLTC cycle

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图 3 常温WLTC循环NO_x测试曲线

Figure 3. NO_x test curve of normal temperature WLTC cycle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 SEMS系统和PEMS系统对比

Table 1. Comparison of SEMS and PEMS

项目	SEMS系统	PEMS系统
应用	简易车辆排放测试	RDE认证测试
价格/万元	<40	150
道路条件	各种道路	部分特定区域
分析设备	PN与NO_x传感器及模块	PN与NO_x专用分析仪
流量计	通过进气流量计算	专业流量计
电源	普通DC 12/24 V	专用锂电池
重量/kg	15	100（含气瓶、电池等）
精度	良好	优秀
优缺点	耗电少、操作简单	价格高、体积大、测试安装要求高

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表 2 SEMS对比试验条件

Table 2. SEMS comparative analysis experiment plan

测试场地	环境条件	测试系统	测试工况	测试车型	测试目标	实际测试情况
实验室	常温（23 ℃）	SEMS_NTK、PEMS_Horiba、CVS_AVL	WLTC	U1	对比SEMS可靠性	重复测试 2次
敦煌实际道路	低温（5 ℃）	PEMS_Horiba、SEMS_NTK	RDE	E2	实际道路测试一致性	激烈驾驶/ 正常驾驶

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表 3 常温WLTC循环PN与NO_x排放量对比测试结果

Table 3. Comparison of PN and NO_x emission test results of WLTC cycle at room temperature

车型	试验工况	测试设备	PN排放量/ （10¹¹个/km）	NO_x排放量/ (mg/km)
U1	WLTC 重复第1次	PEMS_Horiba	3.39	11.1
		SEMS_NTK	3.01	20.1
		差异/%	−11	82
	WLTC 重复第2次	PEMS_Horiba	2.65	10.5
		SEMS_NTK	2.32	14.3
		差异/%	−12	36

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表 4 常温WLTC循环SEMS系统与CVS_AVL台架试验结果对比

Table 4. Comparison of CVS_AVL bench and SEMS test results of WLTC cycle at room temperature

车型	试验	设备	PN排放量/ (10¹¹个/km)	NO_x排放量/ (mg/km)	PM排放量/ (mg/km)
U1	WLTC 重复第1次	CVS_AVL	3.25	10.2	0.56
		SEMS_NTK	3.01	20.1	0.49
		差异%	−7.4	97	−13
	WLTC 重复第2次	CVS_AVL	2.70	10.7	0.51
		SEMS_NTK	2.32	14.3	0.37
		差异%	−14	34	−28

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表 5 RDE试验PEMS和SEMS对比结果

Table 5. PEMS and SEMS comparison results of RDE experiments

车型	试验工况	设备	PN排放量/ (10¹¹个/km)		NO_x排放量/ (mg/km)
车型	试验工况	设备	城市段	总行程	城市段	总行程
E2	激烈驾驶	PEMS_Horiba	2.99	2.58	15.6	5.9
		SEMS_NTK	6.36	2.91	38.3	27.8
		差异%	113	13	146	369
	正常驾驶	PEMS_Horiba	2.95	1.51	13.2	5.9
		SEMS_NTK	2.40	1.10	35.6	14.1
		差异%	−19	−27	170	138

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