Evaluation of provincial green development performance based on DPSIR model
-
摘要:
提高绿色发展水平是推动生态文明建设,实现美丽中国的重要途径。将驱动力—压力—状态—影响—响应(DPSIR)模型运用在绿色发展绩效评价中,构建了建设美丽中国愿景下的省域绿色发展绩效评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,采取目标渐进法进行标准化处理,在此基础上构建省域绿色发展绩效综合指数。以贵州省为研究对象,对2009—2019年的绿色发展水平进行评估。结果表明:2009—2019年贵州省绿色发展绩效综合指数呈逐年递增,从Ⅰ级(低)向Ⅲ级(一般)转化的趋势;DPSIR模型中压力层的社会压力、资源消耗、污染排放指标对贵州省绿色发展影响最大;目前贵州省绿色发展处于一般水平(Ⅲ级),下一阶段应重视提升经济发展水平、实施生态环境整治、推进减污降碳、加大民生保障等方面,从而提高贵州省绿色发展水平,最终实现“美丽贵州”。
Abstract:Improving the level of green development is an important way to promote the construction of ecological civilization and realize beautiful China. The driving force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) model was used in the evaluation of green development performance to build a provincial green development performance evaluation index system under the vision of building a beautiful China. The analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the index weights, and the objective asymptotic method was used for data standardization. On this basis, the provincial green development performance comprehensive index was constructed. The green development level from 2009 to 2019 of Guizhou Province was evaluated. The results showed that the green development performance comprehensive index of Guizhou Province from 2009 to 2019 had been increasing yearly, with the trend from Level Ⅰ (low) to Level Ⅲ (general). The indexes of social pressure, resource consumption, and pollutant emissions of the pressure layer had the greatest impact on the green development of Guizhou Province in the DPSIR model. At present, the green development of Guizhou Province was at a general level (Level Ⅲ). Improving the level of economic development, implementing ecological environment remediation, promoting pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and increasing people′s livelihood security should be paid more attention to improve the level of green development in Guizhou Province, and ultimately complete the construction of the Beautiful Guizhou.
-
表 1 省域绿色发展绩效综合评价等级
Table 1. Comprehensive evaluation grade of provincial green development performance
GDPI 绿色发展水平等级 绿色发展状态 ≤20 Ⅰ 低 20~40 Ⅱ 较低 40~60 Ⅲ 一般 60~80 Ⅳ 较高 80~100 Ⅴ 高 表 2 基于DPSIR模型的贵州省绿色发展绩效评价指标体系
Table 2. Evaluation index system of Guizhou provincial green development based on DPSIR model
目标层 准则层
(一级指标)要素层
(二级指标)指标层
(三级指标)单位 属性 综合
权重2035年目标值 省域绿色发展 驱动力 经济发展 人均GDP 万元/人 正向 0.057 5 13.70 单位区域面积GDP 亿元/km2 正向 0.021 9 0.28 第三产业占比 % 正向 0.150 8 65 社会发展 人口自然增长率 ‰ 负向 0.015 9 4.5 恩格尔系数 负向 0.044 8 23.91 年平均工资 元/a 正向 0.084 4 35 000 压力 社会压力 人口密度 人/km2 负向 0.053 6 190 资源消耗 能源消费弹性系数 负向 0.013 6 0.15 清洁能源占比 % 正向 0.032 4 50 单位GDP水耗 m3/万元 负向 0.051 4 25 污染排放 年人均城市生活垃圾清运量 kg/(人·a) 负向 0.029 5 120 单位工业增加值固体废物产生量 t/万元 负向 0.029 5 1.5 单位地区生产总值COD排放量 kg/万元 负向 0.029 5 0.3 单位地区生产总值SO2排放量 kg/万元 负向 0.029 5 0.5 单位地区生产总值NOx排放量 kg/万元 负向 0.029 5 0.3 单位地区生产总值氨氮排放量 kg/万元 负向 0.029 5 0.03 状态 生态活力 森林覆盖率 % 正向 0.036 5 66 湿地面积占区域总面积比例 % 正向 0.014 5 3.5 环境承载力 人均水资源量 m3/人 正向 0.021 7 3 900 人均农作物播种面积 m2/人 正向 0.010 4 1 513 公众幸福感 基尼系数 负向 0.005 1 0.46 电话普及率 部/(100人) 正向 0.005 1 170 享受社会保障人口占比 % 正向 0.010 1 90 影响 社会影响 人均医疗卫生、社保和就业支出 元/(人·a) 正向 0.005 8 3 500 城镇登记失业率 % 负向 0.003 7 2.5 在校大学生数 万人 正向 0.001 5 268.74 生态影响 地表水省控断面Ⅲ类以上水质比例 % 正向 0.023 1 96.5 自然保护区面积占辖区面积比例 % 正向 0.005 8 5.5 环境质量 空气质量(AQI)优良天数比例 % 正向 0.005 5 95 集中式饮用水源地水质达标率 % 正向 0.015 6 100 区域环境噪声水平 dB 负向 0.029 3 54.5 响应 环境治理 污水处理率 % 正向 0.006 5 100 工业污染治理投资占GDP比例 % 正向 0.010 3 7 一般工业固体废物综合利用率 % 正向 0.016 3 85 社会响应 R&D经费占GDP的比例 % 正向 0.004 2 5.27 万人发明专利拥有量 项/万人 正向 0.008 4 4.91 生态修复 城市生活垃圾无害化处理率 % 正向 0.007 0 100 人均当年新增造林面积 m2/人 正向 0.018 4 100 城市建成区绿化覆盖率 % 正向 0.032 2 45 -
[1] 张旭, 魏福丽, 袁旭梅.中国省域高质量绿色发展水平评价与演化[J]. 经济地理,2020,40(2):108-116. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2020.02.012ZHANG X, WEI F L, YUAN X M. Evaluation and evolution of provincial high-quality green development in China[J]. Economic Geography,2020,40(2):108-116. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2020.02.012 [2] 卢风.绿色发展与生态文明建设的关键和根本[J]. 中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2017,17(1):1-9. doi: 10.16493/j.cnki.42-1627/c.2017.01.002LU F. Key to and fundamentals of green development and ecological civilization construction[J]. Journal of China University of Geosciences (Social Sciences Edition),2017,17(1):1-9. doi: 10.16493/j.cnki.42-1627/c.2017.01.002 [3] 钱易.努力实现生态优先、绿色发展[J]. 环境科学研究,2020,33(5):1069-1074. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.04.21QIAN Y. To realize ecological priority and green development[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2020,33(5):1069-1074. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.04.21 [4] 侯伟丽.21世纪中国绿色发展问题研究[J]. 南都学坛,2004,24(3):106-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6320.2004.03.025HOU W L. The challenges and opportunities for China green development in the 21st century[J]. Academic Forum of Nan Du,2004,24(3):106-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6320.2004.03.025 [5] 周亮, 车磊, 周成虎.中国城市绿色发展效率时空演变特征及影响因素[J]. 地理学报,2019,74(10):2027-2044. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201910006ZHOU L, CHE L, ZHOU C H. Spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of urban green development efficiency in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2019,74(10):2027-2044. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201910006 [6] 王玲玲, 张艳国.“绿色发展”内涵探微[J]. 社会主义研究,2012(5):143-146. [7] 谢海燕.绿色发展下循环经济的现状及方向[J]. 宏观经济管理,2020(1):14-21. doi: 10.19709/j.cnki.11-3199/f.2020.01.005XIE H Y. The current situation and direction of circular economy in the context of green development[J]. Macroeconomic Management,2020(1):14-21. doi: 10.19709/j.cnki.11-3199/f.2020.01.005 [8] 郭永杰, 米文宝, 赵莹.宁夏县域绿色发展水平空间分异及影响因素[J]. 经济地理,2015,35(3):45-51. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2015.03.007GUO Y J, MI W B, ZHAO Y. Spatial variation and relevant influence factors of green development levels among the counties in Ningxia[J]. Economic Geography,2015,35(3):45-51. doi: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2015.03.007 [9] 马勇, 黄智洵.长江中游城市群绿色发展指数测度及时空演变探析: 基于GWR模型[J]. 生态环境学报,2017,26(5):794-807.MA Y, HUANG Z X. Study on spatial-temporal evolution and measurement of green development index of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of Yangtze River: GWR model based[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2017,26(5):794-807. [10] 曾贤刚, 毕瑞亨.绿色经济发展总体评价与区域差异分析[J]. 环境科学研究,2014,27(12):1564-1570. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2014.12.25ZENG X G, BI R H. Evaluation and differential analysis of regional green economic development in China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(12):1564-1570. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2014.12.25 [11] 李爽, 董玉琛.基于三阶段DEA模型的我国绿色发展水平的研究[J]. 管理现代化,2019,39(2):63-66. doi: 10.19634/j.cnki.11-1403/c.2019.02.016LI S, DONG Y C. Research on the level of green development in China based on the three stage DEA model[J]. Modernization of Management,2019,39(2):63-66. doi: 10.19634/j.cnki.11-1403/c.2019.02.016 [12] 张泽义, 罗雪华.中国城市绿色发展效率测度[J]. 城市问题,2019(2):12-20. doi: 10.13239/j.bjsshkxy.cswt.190202ZHANG Z Y, LUO X H. Measurement of urban green development efficiency[J]. Urban Problems,2019(2):12-20. doi: 10.13239/j.bjsshkxy.cswt.190202 [13] 车磊, 白永平, 周亮, 等.中国绿色发展效率的空间特征及溢出分析[J]. 地理科学,2018,38(11):1788-1798. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.11.006CHE L, BAI Y P, ZHOU L, et al. Spatial pattern and spillover effects of green development efficiency in China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(11):1788-1798. doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.11.006 [14] WETERINGS R, SMEETS E. Environmental indicators: typology and overview[R]. Copenhagen: European Environment Agency, 1999. [15] GARI S R, NEWTON A, ICELY J D. A review of the application and evolution of the DPSIR framework with an emphasis on coastal social-ecological systems[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management,2015,103:63-77. [16] EHARA M, HYAKUMURA K, SATO R, et al. Addressing maladaptive coping strategies of local communities to changes in ecosystem service provisions using the DPSIR framework[J]. Ecological Economics,2018,149:226-238. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.03.008 [17] 崔馨月, 方雷, 王祥荣, 等.基于DPSIR模型的长三角城市群生态安全评价研究[J]. 生态学报,2021,41(1):302-319.CUI X Y, FANG L, WANG X R, et al. Urban eco-security assessment in the urban agglomerations based on DPSIR model: acase study of Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2021,41(1):302-319. [18] JAGO-ON K A B, KANEKO S, FUJIKURA R, et al. Urbanization and subsurface environmental issues: an attempt at DPSIR model application in Asian cities[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2009,407(9):3089-3104. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.08.004 [19] TSCHERNING K, HELMING K, KRIPPNER B, et al. Does research applying the DPSIR framework support decision making[J]. Land Use Policy,2012,29(1):102-110. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.05.009 [20] 曹红军. 浅评DPSIR模型[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2005, 28(增刊1): 110-111.CAO H J. An initial study on DPSIR model[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2005, 28(Suppl 1): 110-111. [21] 梁肖逢. 绿色发展绩效评价方法研究: 以浙江省为例[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2019. [22] 阮久莉, 王艺博, 郭玉文.基于层次分析-模糊综合评价法的锌冶炼行业水污染控制技术评价[J]. 环境工程技术学报,2021,11(5):976-982.RUAN J L, WANG Y B, GUO Y W. Research on water pollution control technology assessment in zinc smelting industry based on AHP-FCE[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2021,11(5):976-982. [23] 魏微, 尚英男, 江沂璟, 等. 成都市环境绩效评估研究[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2018, 28(增刊1): 80-85.WEI W, SHANG Y N, JIANG Y J, et al. Research on environmental performance evaluation in Chengdu[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2018, 28(Suppl 1): 80-85.