淡澳河口—大亚湾三维潮流及海水入侵模拟

谢培; 张亚辉; 乔飞

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210616

淡澳河口—大亚湾三维潮流及海水入侵模拟

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210616

谢培^1,,
张亚辉²,
乔飞^1, ,

1.
环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院
2.
中国环境科学研究院环境分析技术测试中心

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404702)；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07107-001-002)

详细信息

作者简介:
谢培(1992—)，女，硕士，主要从事水环境模拟、环境系统分析及风险评估研究，xiepei198@163.com

通讯作者:
乔飞(1977—)，男，正高级工程师，博士，主要从事流域水资源、水环境模拟研究，qiaofei@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X522
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-27

3D tidal flow and seawater intrusion simulation in Dan'ao Estuary - Daya Bay

XIE Pei^1
,,
ZHANG Yahui²,
QIAO Fei^{1
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Environmental Analysis Technology Test Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
淡澳河是大亚湾入海河流中流量最大且水质最差的河流，探究淡澳河口流域水动力水质变化对沿海环境风险管控和海岸带整治修复具有重要意义。基于环境流体动力学（EFDC）模型建立淡澳河感潮河段及整个河口区水动力水质模型，重点研究径潮流作用下淡澳河下游及河口区水动力过程，定量估算不同水期下盐水入侵及河流水质的响应关系。结果表明：1）大亚湾潮流以不规则半日混合潮型为主，每月约8~10 d为日潮，20~22 d为半日潮，日潮和半日潮下，表层水体不能到达虎爪断面（国控点位），底层水体可入侵到虎爪断面上游约700~1 100 m处；2）不同水期下的盐水入侵表明，淡澳河水体枯水期含盐量最高，达16‰，研究基于2019年水文资料初步划分了河海水团交界线，可为河口海岸带淡水和海水分类整治提供依据；3）由咸淡水交互与水质响应关系可知，丰水期污染物浓度相较于平水期增加明显，约为10%，上游流量变化直接影响水质，小潮期间尤为明显，建议进行工程优化调度减小小潮期间的下泄流量。
- 水动力模拟 /
- 潮流 /
- 盐度 /
- EFDC模型
Abstract:
The Dan'ao River is the one with the largest flow and the worst water quality in Daya Bay's rivers flowing into the Southern Ocean. Exploring the hydrodynamic water quality changes of the Dan'ao River is of great significance for coastal environmental risk control and coastal zone remediation. The hydrodynamic water quality model of the tidal reach and the whole estuary area of the Dan'ao River were established based on the EFDC model. The hydrodynamic process in the downstream and estuarine area under the action of runoff and current was mainly researched, and the response relationship between saltwater intrusion and water quality in different water periods was estimated quantitatively. The results showed that the tidal characteristics of Daya Bay were mainly irregular semi-diurnal mixed tide, which was diurnal tide about 8-10 days a month, and semi-diurnal tide about 20-22 days a month. Under the diurnal tide and semi-diurnal tide, the bottom water could invade the upstream of Huzhao section (the national section) about 700-1 100 m, but the surface water could not reach the section. The salt water intrusion in different water periods showed that the salt content was the highest in the low water period, up to 16‰. Based on the hydrologic data of 2019, the boundary of river and sea water mass was preliminarily divided, which could provide the basis for the classification and regulation of fresh water and sea water in the estuary and coastal zone. According to the interaction between salt water and fresh water, the concentration of pollutants in the high water period increased significantly, about 10% higher compared with that in the average water period, and the change of upstream flow directly affected the water quality, especially during the neap tide. It was suggested to optimize the project scheduling to reduce the discharge during the neap tide.
- hydrodynamic simulation /
- tidal flow /
- salinity /
- EFDC model

HTML全文

图 1 网格边界条件分布

Figure 1. Grid division and boundary conditions of research region

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 水体垂向盐度分配

Figure 2. Distribution of vertical salinity of water body

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图 3 大亚湾潮汐变化趋势

Figure 3. Trend of tide change in Daya Bay

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 日潮和半日潮涨急流域潮流场分布

Figure 4. Distribution of tidal current at diurnal and semidiurnal tides during typical moment

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图 5 日潮和半日潮流域表、底层潮流场分布

Figure 5. Distribution of tidal current at diurnal and semidiurnal tides on the surface and bottom

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 淡澳河上游姚田桥至虎爪断面底层水体盐度分布

注：虎爪断面距离姚田桥约为2 100 m。

Figure 6. Salinity distribution of bottom water from Yaotianqiao to Huzhao section in the upstream of Dan'ao River

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图 7 中游河段不同水期水体盐度分布

Figure 7. Distribution of water salinity in the midstream in different water periods

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图 8 上游来水变化对虎爪断面水质影响分析

Figure 8. Analysis of the influence of upstream water on the water quality of Huzhao section

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表 1 水动力水质参数模拟误差统计

Table 1. Error analysis of simulated hydrodynamic water quality parameters

指标	枯水期		丰水期		平水期
指标	R²	相对误差%	R²	相对误差%	R²	相对误差%
水位	0.93	−1	0.90	3	0.89	5
盐度	0.87	4	0.89	−2	0.86	−7
氨氮	0.81	−10	0.84	8	0.80	−11
COD	0.80	−18	0.82	−8	0.76	13
TP	0.81	14	0.80	16	0.77	−19

下载: 导出CSV

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