控制单元污染源排污许可总量限值优化研究

张月; 蔡木林; 邢敏; 陈鹏; 王海燕; 乔飞; 李珊珊

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210775

控制单元污染源排污许可总量限值优化研究—以永定河流域为例

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210775

张月^1,,
蔡木林²,
邢敏¹,
陈鹏¹,
王海燕²,
乔飞²,
李珊珊^1, ,

1.
北京市生态环境保护科学研究院
2.
中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2018ZX07111-002）

详细信息

作者简介:
张月（1993—），女，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事环境规划与管理研究，yuezhangww@126.com

通讯作者:
李珊珊（1983—），女，正高级工程师，博士，主要从事环境污染与防治研究，liss0502@163.com

中图分类号: X522
计量
- 文章访问数: 279
- HTML全文浏览量: 143
- PDF下载量: 30
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-29

Optimization of total discharge permit limit of pollution sources in control units: a case study of Yongding River watershed

1.
Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection
2.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
排污许可证制度是目前普遍采用的水环境管理的重要制度之一，在水污染控制和水环境质量改善中发挥着重要作用。通过将基于水环境容量约束和基于流域排放标准的允许排放量进行对比，构建了控制单元排污许可总量限值管理模式和污染源排污许可总量限值优化方法。基于永定河流域典型控制单元的实证研究表明，在执行流域排放标准时，北京段典型控制单元可满足水环境质量改善需求，但张家口段典型控制单元仍需要削减COD_Cr 210.388 t/a。张家口段典型控制单元内2家污水处理厂上游间接排放固定源需分别削减COD_Cr 0.002和32.039 t/a。
- 排污许可 /
- 总量控制 /
- 控制单元 /
- 熵权法 /
- 永定河流域
Abstract:
Pollutant discharge permit system is widely used in water environment management, which has played an important role in water pollution control and water environment quality improvement. By comparing the allowable discharges based on the water environmental capacity constraints and the discharge standards for the watershed, the management mode of total discharge permit limit of control units and the optimization method of total discharge permit limit of polluting sources were constructed. The empirical study based on the typical control units of Yongding River watershed showed that the typical control unit of Beijing section could meet the needs of water environment quality improvement when implementing the watershed discharge standard, but the typical control unit of Zhangjiakou section still needed to reduce 210.388 t/a of COD_Cr. In the typical control unit of Zhangjiakou section, 0.002 and 32.039 t/a of COD_Cr should be reduced respectively in the two fixed sources whose wastewater was discharged into the sewage treatment plants.
- pollutant discharge permit /
- total amount control /
- control unit /
- entropy method /
- Yongding River watershed

HTML全文

图 1 控制单元内各固定源污染物削减总量分配方案

Figure 1. Allocation scheme of pollutant reduction amount for each fixed source in the control units

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 永定河流域典型控制单元示意

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of typical control units in Yongding River watershed

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 基于水环境容量约束的典型控制单元允许排放量

Table 1. Allowable discharge of typical control units based on water environmental capacity constraints t/a　

控制单元	COD_Cr	氨氮	总磷
C-016-001-01	1 684.02	84.20	16.84
C-011-002-04	1 082.00	202.30	13.40

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 永定河流域水污染物排放标准

Table 2. Discharge standard of water pollutants in Yongding River watershed mg/L　

污染物	COD_Cr	氨氮	总磷
重点控制区	30	1.5（2.5）	0.3
一般控制区	40	2.0（3.5）	0.4
注：括号内、外数值分别为水温≤12 ℃、>12 ℃时的值。

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表 3 控制单元基于水环境容量约束和基于流域排放标准的允许排放量对比

Table 3. Comparison of the allowable discharges based on water environmental capacity constraints and watershed discharge standards in the control units t/a　

类别	控制单元C-016-001-01			控制单元C-011-002-04
类别	COD_Cr	氨氮	总磷	COD_Cr	氨氮	总磷
基于水环境容量约束	1 684.02	84.20	16.84	1 082.0	202.3	13.4
基于流域排放标准	9.188	0.459	0.092	1 292.388	64.619	12.924
污染物削减量	0	0	0	210.388	0	0

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表 4 控制单元固定源水污染物削减分配情况

Table 4. Reduction allocation of fixed source water pollutants in the control units

企业编号	行业类型	废水排放去向	A_i	B_j	A_iB_j	COD_Cr削减量/（t/a）
企业1	炼铁	污水处理厂B	0.27	1.00	0.27	8.650
企业2	建筑工程用机械制造	污水处理厂B	0.14	1.00	0.14	4.485
企业3	热电联产	污水处理厂B	0.12	1.00	0.12	3.845
企业4	毛皮鞣制加工	污水处理厂B	0.12	0.76	0.09	2.917
企业5	毛皮鞣制加工	污水处理厂B	0.12	0.24	0.03	0.928
企业6	陶瓷制品制造	污水处理厂B	0.18	0.72	0.13	4.148
企业7	陶瓷制品制造	污水处理厂B	0.18	0.28	0.05	1.619
企业8	水泥制造	污水处理厂B	0.17	1.00	0.17	5.447
企业9	水泥制造	污水处理厂A				0.002

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