高炉渣质能耦合处理系统的综合评价

李佩诗; 段文军; 吴沁停; 宋慧聪

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210834

高炉渣质能耦合处理系统的综合评价

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210834

东北大学冶金学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51704071）；中央高校基本科研业务专项（N2025006，N2124007-1，N2124001）；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202110145147）

详细信息

作者简介:
李佩诗(2001—)，女，研究方向为固体废物高值化利用，20192607@stu.neu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
段文军(1988—)，男，副教授，博士，研究方向为固体废物高值化利用，duanwenjun@mail.neu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X57
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-16

Comprehensive evaluation of a mass-energy coupling treatment system for blast furnace slag

School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University

摘要

摘要:
提出了一种新型的高炉渣质能耦合处理系统，实现了高炉渣余热的高效回收和渣中组分的高附加值利用。采用生命周期评价和生命周期成本方法，分别计算出系统的环境影响和经济成本，并对其资源能源消耗进行核算。通过主要贡献者的识别，追溯系统在环境影响、经济成本以及资源能源消耗方面的主要来源；通过综合表现评估以及敏感性分析，确定系统优化的关键单元。此外，基于系统特性分析了其在环境、能源以及经济方面的效益。结果表明：1）系统的环境影响主要是全球变暖（贡献率为47.68%），经济成本主要是内部成本（贡献率为91.89%），资源能源消耗主要是非能源资源（贡献率为98.57%）；2）系统优化的关键单元是预处理，关键输入是HCl；3）充分考虑系统特性后，处理1 t高炉渣的CO₂净排放量为−6 098.68 kg，净能耗为−682.68 MJ，经济成本为2 078.24元。
- 高炉渣 /
- 生命周期评价 /
- 资源与能源消耗 /
- 生命周期成本 /
- 节能减排
Abstract:
A novel mass-energy coupling treatment system for blast furnace slag was proposed, which realized efficient recovery of waste heat in slag and high value-added utilization of slag components. The methods of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost were adopted to calculate the environmental impact and economic cost of the system. The resource and energy consumption included were also calculated. Main sources in terms of environmental impact, economic cost and resource and energy consumption of the system were traced through the identification of main contributors. The key elements to system optimization were determined through the comprehensive performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis. Besides, the environmental, energy and economic benefits of the system were analyzed based on its characteristics. The results showed that: 1) The environmental impact of the system was mainly global warming (with a contribution rate of 47.68%), the economic cost was mainly internal cost (with a contribution rate of 91.89%), and the resource consumption was mainly non-energy resources (with a contribution rate of 98.57%). 2) The key unit to system optimization was pretreatment and the key input was HCl. 3) For each ton of slag treated, the net CO₂ emission was −6 098.68 kg, the net energy consumption was −682.68 MJ and the economic cost was 2 078.24 yuan after a full consideration of system characteristics.
- blast furnace slag /
- life cycle assessment /
- resource and energy consumption /
- life cycle cost /
- energy conservation and emission reduction

HTML全文

图 1 高炉渣质能耦合处理系统工艺流程

Figure 1. Flowsheet of the mass-energy coupling treatment system for blast furnace slag

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图 2 高炉渣质能耦合处理系统生命周期边界

Figure 2. System boundary of the mass-energy coupling treatment system for blast furnace slag

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图 3 不同环境指标对总影响的贡献

Figure 3. Contribution of each environmental indicator to the total impact

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图 4 各单元资源消耗情况

Figure 4. Resource consumption of each unit

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图 5 不同资源对总资源消耗量的贡献

Figure 5. Contribution of different resources to the total resource consumption

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图 6 各单元能源消耗量对总能耗贡献

Figure 6. Contribution of each unit to the total energy consumption

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图 7 各单元对不同成本的贡献

Figure 7. Contribution of each unit to different costs

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图 8 各单元的综合表现比较

Figure 8. Comparison of the overall performance of each unit

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图 9 敏感性分析结果

Figure 9. Results of the sensitivity analysis

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表 1 系统清单数据^[15-17]

Table 1. Inventory data of the system

项目		总量	单元
项目		总量	化学余热回收	物理余热回收	预处理	制沸石	制类水滑石
能源消耗	电力/（kW·h）	131.95	4.40	0.75	21.20	50.02	55.58
资源消耗	HCl/kg	1 752	0	0	1 752	0	0
	NaOH/kg	680	0	0	0	270	410
	NaAlO₂/kg	80	0	0	0	80	0
	煤/kg	40.41	40.41	0	0	0	0
	水/kg	274.51	77.94	196.57	0	0	0
环境排放	CO₂/kg	1 501.38	4.22	0.72	720.03	466.80	309.61
	Cl₂/kg	3.33	0	0	3.33	0	0
	CH₄/kg	2.962	0.01	0.002	2.25	0.53	0.17
	NO_x/kg	3.832	0.01	0.002	2.25	0.90	0.67
	颗粒物/kg	6.275	0.03	0.005	5.25	0.60	0.39
	SO₂/kg	4.353	0.02	0.003	3	1.10	0.23
	CO/kg	0.08	0	0	0	0.08	0
	N₂/kg	33.29	0	0	33.29	0	0
	N₂O/kg	0.02	0	0	0	0.01	0.01
	SO_x/kg	0.05	0	0	0	0.02	0.03
	烃类/kg	0.08	0	0	0	0.06	0.02

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表 2 生命周期成本构成

Table 2. Components of life cycle cost

成本类型	次级成本类型	成本来源
内部成本	材料成本	HCl
		NaOH
		NaAlO₂
		煤
		水
	能源成本	电力
外部成本	污染成本	CO₂排放

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表 3 不同单元对各环境指标的贡献

Table 3. Contribution of each unit to each environmental indicator

环境指标	不同单元贡献
GWP	化学余热回收(0.29%)+物理余热回收(0.05%)+预处理(49.09%)+制沸石(30.52%)+制类水滑石(20.06%)
AP	化学余热回收(0.38%)+物理余热回收(0.06%)+预处理(64.41%)+制沸石(24.81%)+制类水滑石(10.34%)
EP	化学余热回收(0.34%)+物理余热回收(0.06%)+预处理(58.20%)+制沸石(23.59%)+制类水滑石(17.81%)
HTP	化学余热回收(0.38%)+物理余热回收(0.07%)+预处理(65.13%)+制沸石(20.33%)+制类水滑石(14.10%)
POCP	化学余热回收(0.36%)+物理余热回收(0.06%)+预处理(61.28%)+制沸石(27.20%)+制类水滑石(11.10%)

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表 4 关键输入对各环境指标的贡献

Table 4. Contributions of key inputs to each environmental indicator

环境指标	关键输入
GWP	HCl (47.70%)+NaOH (27.23%)+NaAlO₂ (16.43%)+ 电力(8.64%)
AP	HCl (62.59%)+NaOH (9.23%)+NaAlO₂ (16.85%)+ 电力(11.33%)
EP	HCl (56.56%)+NaOH (22.38%)+NaAlO₂ (10.82%)+ 电力(10.24%)
HTP	HCl (63.29%)+NaOH (15.37%)+NaAlO₂ (9.88%)+ 电力(11.46%)
POCP	HCl (59.55%)+NaOH (10.87%)+NaAlO₂ (18.80%)+ 电力(10.78%)

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表 5 生命周期成本数据清单

Table 5. Inventory data of life cycle cost

成本类型	成本来源	数量	单价	总价/元
内部成本	HCl	1 752 kg	1元/kg	1 752
	NaOH	680 kg	2元/kg	1 360
	NaAlO₂	80 kg	5元/kg	400
	煤	40.41 kg	1.09元/kg	44.05
	水	0.27 t	4.10元/t	1.11
	电力	131.95 kW·h	0.38元/(kW·h)	50.14
外部成本	CO₂排放	1.50 t	212.19元/t	318.29

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表 6 系统效益分析

Table 6. Analysis of the system benefits

项目		指标/单位
项目		CO₂排放/kg	能源消耗/MJ	经济成本/元
单元	化学余热回收	4.22	15.85	46.89
	物理余热回收	0.72	2.70	1.24
	预处理	720.03	76.36	1912.84
	制沸石	466.80	180.17	1 058.06
	制类水滑石	309.61	200.19	906.82
额外优势	余热回收	0	−1 157.94	−234.96
额外优势	产品吸附	−7 600.06	0	−1 612.66
总净值		−6 098.68	−682.68	2 078.24

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