城市排水系统提质增效关键技术研究

徐祖信; 张竞艺; 徐晋; 王思玉; 陈宗群; 林夷媛; 王静怡; 屈扬; 尹海龙; 李怀正; 金伟

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210842

城市排水系统提质增效关键技术研究—以马鞍山市为例

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210842

徐祖信^{1, 2, 4,},
张竞艺¹,
徐晋¹,
王思玉¹,
陈宗群¹,
林夷媛¹,
王静怡¹,
屈扬¹,
尹海龙^{1, 3, 4},
李怀正^{1, 3, 4},
金伟^{1, 3, 4, ,}

1.
同济大学环境科学与工程学院
2.
污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室
3.
长江水环境教育部重点实验室
4.
上海污染控制与生态安全研究院

基金项目: 长江生态环境保护修复联合研究项目（第一期）（2019-LHYJ-01-0212-14）；中国长江三峡集团有限公司资助项目（202003065）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐祖信（1956—），女，中国工程院院士，博士，主要从事流域水环境综合治理研究，xzx@tongji.edu.cn

通讯作者:
金伟（1970—），男，研究员，博士，主要从事排水系统污染控制研究，tjjinwei@tongji.edu.cn

中图分类号: X52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-06

Study on key technologies for improving quality and efficiency of urban drainage system: a case of Ma′anshan City

XU Zuxin^{1, 2, 4
,},
ZHANG Jingyi¹,
XU Jin¹,
WANG Siyu¹,
CHEN Zongqun¹,
LIN Yiyuan¹,
WANG Jingyi¹,
QU Yang¹,
YIN Hailong^{1, 3, 4},
LI Huaizheng^{1, 3, 4},
JIN Wei^{1, 3, 4
, ,}

1.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University
2.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
3.
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education
4.
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security

摘要

摘要: 长江中下游城市普遍存在排水系统提质增效问题，成为制约城市水环境长效改善的关键瓶颈。结合长江生态环境保护修复马鞍山驻点城市需求，围绕精准控源截污和雨天排放污染控制，以马鞍山市主要城市内河——慈湖河水系水质改善为案例，开展了4项关键技术研究：1）基于河流网格化水量水质监测的排污口溯源方法，结合反问题方法，确定慈湖河干流污染负荷排入的主要区域，实现简便、准确的排污口排查；2）基于水质特征因子构建蒙特卡洛-化学质量平衡模型，识别慈湖河主要排区雨水管道混接污水量和地下水入渗量，利用生物遗传算法（MGA）识别混接和破损的具体点位；3）综合考虑降雨特征、前期晴天数、管道沉积物、混接污水等多因素影响，建立排口水质和水量动态过程线，提出基于多因素影响的“浓度-体积”优化调蓄设计，大幅提高截留污染负荷；4）提出并探究基于管道絮凝的溢流污染高效控制技术的可行性。通过科技支撑和各方的努力，慈湖河水质得到稳定改善，为进一步提升长江中下游城市水环境综合治理成效提供参考和借鉴。
- 长江大保护 /
- 城市水环境 /
- 排水系统 /
- 提质增效 /
- 控源截污 /
- 雨天污染控制
Abstract: The low quality and efficiency of drainage systems are ubiquitous in cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, becoming a bottleneck restricting the long-term improvement of the urban water environment. Based on the Yangtze River eco-environmental protection and restoration requirements of Ma′anshan City, four key technologies for improving the water quality of the main inland river, the Cihu River, in the aspects of accurate source control, sewage interception and pollution control on rainy days were studied. The technologies included: 1) Applying the drainage outlets tracing methods based on grid water quantity and quality monitoring, and combining the inverse problem method, the main discharge areas of pollution load along the Cihu River mainstream were determined, thus fulfilling the simple and accurate sewage outlet investigation. 2) A Monte Carlo chemical mass balance model was developed based on the water quality characteristic factors to identify the mixed sewage volume and groundwater infiltration volume of rainwater pipeline in primary drainage areas of Cihu River, and the microbial genetic algorithm (MGA) was further applied to locate mixed connection and damage points. 3) Comprehensively considering the influence of multiple factors such as rainfall characteristics, sunny days in the early stage, pipeline sediments and mixed sewage, the dynamic process lines of water quality and quantity at discharge outlets were established, and the "concentration-volume" optimizing regulation and storage design based on multiple influencing factors was proposed to greatly improve the interception loads. 4) The feasibility of efficient overflow pollution control techniques based on in-situ coagulation-flocculation in the pipeline was proposed and explored. Through the scientific and technological support and the efforts of all parties, the water quality in the Cihu River, Ma′anshan City, had been steadily improved, which provided a reference for further improving the effectiveness of urban water environment comprehensive treatment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
- Great Protection of the Yangtze River /
- urban water environment /
- drainage system /
- quality and efficiency improvement /
- source control and sewage interception /
- pollution control in rainy days

HTML全文

图 1 网格化水量、水质监测与排污口溯源示意

注：Q_r为上游来水水量，m³/s；C_r为上游来水污染物浓度，mg/L；C_i为第i个河段断面污染物浓度，mg/L；K₁、K₂分别为第1个、第2个河段污染物指标降解速率，s^-1。

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of gird water quantity and quality monitoring and sewage outfalls tracing

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图 2 基于网格化监测的排污口溯源方法技术流程

Figure 2. Technical process of sewage outfalls tracing method based on grid monitoring

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图 3 慈湖河干流断面水量和氯化物浓度监测结果

注：各补水点表示污水处理厂尾水补充；霍里山支流表示霍里山支流汇入。

Figure 3. Monitoring results of water flow and chloride concentration in the mainstream section of Cihu River

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图 4 雨水管网子片区划分及其不同来源水量解析结果

注：深蓝色为划分的管网片区，浅蓝色为拆分的子片区。

Figure 4. Sub area division of rainwater pipe network and analytical results of water volume from different sources

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图 5 混接风险和入渗风险地图

注：A1、A2、B1、C1、D1为高风险区，H为排查出的真实混接区域。

Figure 5. Map of mixing risk and infiltration risk

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图 6 实时调蓄方法示意

Figure 6. Comparison between traditional regulation and real-time regulation

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图 7 不同工况下的调蓄池体积

Figure 7. Detention tank volumes under different operating conditions

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图 8 不同混合反应时间、沉淀时间下浊度、TCOD、TP的去除率

注：体系1~5分别代表传输距离为135.6、271.2、406.8、542.4、678 m的试验体系。

Figure 8. Removal of turbidity, TCOD and TP under different mixing reaction time and settling time

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