燃煤机组电除尘器入口烟道流场优化数值模拟研究

马修元; 孙尊强

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220019

燃煤机组电除尘器入口烟道流场优化数值模拟研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220019

马修元^{1, 2,},
孙尊强^{1, 2}

1.
国电环境保护研究院有限公司
2.
国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0210200）；国电环境保护研究院有限公司科技项目（HBWK2022Y01）

详细信息

作者简介:
马修元（1984—），男，正高级工程师，博士，主要从事燃煤电厂污染物控制技术研究，mxy4815@163.com

中图分类号: X701.7
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-10

Numerical simulation study on flow field optimization of electrostatic precipitator inlet flue duct in coal-fired units

MA Xiuyuan^{1, 2
,},
SUN Zunqiang^{1, 2}

1.
State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd.
2.
China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Funds: The project was supported by the （12345678）and （9876543）

摘要

摘要:
燃煤机组环保设施连接烟道阻力增加是风机能耗增大的主要因素之一，对烟道进行流场优化，降低烟道阻力和风机能耗是燃煤电厂节能降耗的有效途径之一。采用CFD数值模拟对某电厂660 MW燃煤机组电除尘器入口烟道进行流场优化，重点分析了5种不同优化方案下烟道阻力、风机能耗、灰质量流量分配比例、烟气灰浓度、导流板磨损速率等参数的变化规律。结果表明：通过设置合理结构形式及数量的导流板实现烟道降阻幅度28.7%，单台机组最大可节约风机能耗190 kW·h，节能降耗效果显著。新增导流板对烟气中灰质量流量分配比例具有调节作用，优化后A、B两侧烟道内灰质量流量比例偏差由14.8%降低至6.6%，提高了电除尘器的综合除尘率。烟道流场优化在改善灰浓度场分布的同时降低了导流板的磨损，优化后导流板的平均磨损速率由1.33×10⁻⁷ kg/(m²·s)降低至0.56×10⁻⁷ kg/(m²·s)，降幅高达57.6%，导流板使用寿命是优化前的2.4倍，提高了机组运行的安全性和可靠性。
- 电除尘器 /
- 烟道优化 /
- 磨损 /
- 灰浓度分布 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract:
Resistance increase of connecting flue ducts between environmental protection facilities is one of the main factors influencing fan energy consumption increase in coal-fired units. Accordingly, it is an effective method of saving energy and reducing consumption to optimize the flow field of flue ducts and to reduce resistance and fan energy consumption in coal-fired power plants. CFD numerical simulation was applied to optimize the inlet flue duct of the electrostatic precipitator in a 660 MW coal-fired unit. The varying rules of flue duct resistance, fan energy consumption, ash mass flow distribution, ash concentration and guiding plates wearing rate were studied with a comparative analysis of five different schemes. The results showed that the flue duct resistance was reduced by 28.7% through setting reasonable structural form and quantity of guiding plates. A maximum fan energy consumption of 190 kW·h could be saved for a single unit, and the energy saving and consumption reduction were remarkable. The addition of guiding plates could regulate the distribution ratio of ash mass flow in the flue gas. After optimization, the deviation of ash mass flow distribution ratio reduced from 14.8% to 6.6% on sides A and B, which improved the comprehensive removal efficiency of dust particles by electrostatic precipitator. The optimization of the flue flow field not only improved the uniformity of ash concentration field distribution, but also reduced the wearing rate of guiding plates. After optimization, the average wearing rate of guiding plates decreased from 1.33×10⁻⁷ to 0.56×10⁻⁷ kg/(m²·s), with a decrease of 57.6%. The service life of guiding plates was 2.4 times that before optimization, and the safety and reliability of the unit operation improved.
- electrostatic precipitator /
- flue optimization /
- wearing /
- ash concentration distribution /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 烟道物理模型

Figure 1. Physical model of flue duct

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 烟道优化位置示意

注：图中数字为8个结构优化位置点。

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of optimized flue duct position

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图 3 方案一烟气速度分布

Figure 3. Flue gas velocity distribution in Scheme Ⅰ

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图 4 方案六烟气速度分布

Figure 4. Flue gas velocity distribution in Scheme Ⅵ

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图 5 烟道竖直截面烟气速度分布

Figure 5. Velocity distribution of vertical section in flue duct

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图 6 不同优化方案烟道阻力特性

Figure 6. Resistance characteristics of different optimization schemes for flue duct

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图 7 烟道竖直截面流线分布

Figure 7. Streamline distribution of vertical section in flue duct

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图 8 导流板数量对烟道阻力的影响

Figure 8. Influence of guiding plates number on flue resistance

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图 9 圆弧半径对烟道阻力的影响

Figure 9. Influence of arc radius on flue resistance

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图 10 不同优化方案节能分析对比

Figure 10. Energy saving analysis and comparison of different optimization schemes for flue duct

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图 11 灰流量分配特性

Figure 11. Characteristics of ash flow distribution

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图 12 灰浓度分布特性

Figure 12. Characteristics of ash concentration distribution

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图 13 导流板磨损速率变化规律

Figure 13. Changing law of guiding plates wearing rate

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图 14 导流板磨损情况分布

Figure 14. Distribution of guiding plates wearing

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表 1 烟道优化方案

Table 1. Flue duct optimization scheme

序号	具体方案
方案一	基准方案（未优化前的原始烟道）
方案二	位置③、⑦、⑧安装弧形导流板
方案三	位置③、⑦、⑧安装弧形导流板，位置①倒圆角
方案四	位置③、⑦、⑧安装弧形导流板，位置①倒圆角，位置④更换格栅
方案五	位置③、⑦、⑧安装弧形导流板，位置①倒圆角，位置④更换格栅，位置②安装弧形导流板
方案六	位置③、⑦、⑧安装弧形导流板，位置①倒圆角，位置④更换格栅，位置②安装弧形导流板，位置⑤、⑥安装弧形导流板

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