中试SBR处理鸭场沼液过程中脱氮除碳效能及微生物群落演替

文红平; 杨小明; 成郁楠; 刘梦雪; 罗子锋; 李强; 李永涛; 张振

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220057

中试SBR处理鸭场沼液过程中脱氮除碳效能及微生物群落演替

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220057

文红平^{1, 2,},
杨小明¹,
成郁楠¹,
刘梦雪^{1, 2},
罗子锋^{1, 2},
李强²,
李永涛^{1, 2, 3},
张振^{1, 2, ,}

1.
华南农业大学资源环境学院，中英环境科学研究中心
2.
温氏食品集团股份有限公司
3.
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所

基金项目: 2022年乡村振兴战略专项资金省级项目（440000220000000035282）；温氏股份科技重点项目（WENS-2020-1-ZDHB-006）

详细信息

作者简介:
文红平（1994—），男，硕士研究生，从事环境污染控制与生态修复研究，1948277289@qq.com

通讯作者:
张振（1986—），男，副教授，博士，主要从事养殖废水及农村生活污水处理研究，zzhangal@scau.edu.cn

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-20

Performance of a pilot-scale sequential batch reactor (SBR) on nitrogen and carbon removals and its characteristics of microbial community succession from biogas slurry from duck farm

WEN Hongping^{1, 2
,},
YANG Xiaoming¹,
CHENG Yunan¹,
LIU Mengxue^{1, 2},
LUO Zifeng^{1, 2},
LI Qiang²,
LI Yongtao^{1, 2, 3},
ZHANG Zhen^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South ChinaAgricultural University
2.
Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd.
3.
Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

摘要

摘要:
通过在鸭场搭建中试规模的序批式反应器（ SBR），以稀释鸭场沼液作为进水，并用蔗糖调节进水COD，评估SBR处理鸭场沼液过程中的脱氮除碳效能和微生物群落演替。结果表明：阶段Ⅰ（1~20 d）为污泥接种及水质适应阶段，进水碳氮比（C/N）小于2，COD和NH₄ ⁺-N浓度约为200 mg/L，COD和NH₄ ⁺-N去除率在第8天分别达到80%和90%；阶段Ⅱ（21~55 d）为系统稳定运行阶段，进水C/N小于2，COD和NH₄ ⁺-N浓度分别为200~500、200~400 mg/L，COD去除率约为60%，NH₄ ⁺-N去除率超过80%；阶段Ⅲ（56~95 d）为模拟有机物浓度变化阶段，进水C/N为1.2~5.5，COD和NH₄ ⁺-N浓度分别为300~1 400、150~400 mg/L，COD和NH₄ ⁺-N的去除率均大于80%，同时发现低温是SBR脱氮除碳的主要限制因素之一。通过微生物16S rRNA全长测序发现，Proteobacteria和Gammaproteobacteria分别为系统中门和纲水平下的优势微生物菌群。从属水平分析，试验期间系统内微生物发生了明显演替，在运行稳定后均形成了具有脱氮除碳功能的优势微生物群落。表明SBR可以实现对低C/N鸭场沼液的高效脱氮除碳，对高NH₄ ⁺-N浓度和低C/N的鸭场沼液具有较好的应用潜力。
- 鸭场沼液 /
- 中试规模 /
- SBR /
- 脱氮除碳 /
- 微生物群落演替
Abstract:
A pilot-scale sequential batch reactor (SBR) was built in the duck farm, the duck farm biogas slurry was diluted as the influent, and the influent COD was regulated with sucrose, to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen and carbon removal and the microbial community succession in the process of SBR treating the biogas slurry of the duck farm. The results showed that Stage Ⅰ (1-20 d) was the sludge inoculation and water quality adaptation stage, in which the influent C/N was controlled to be less than 2, and the concentrations of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N were around 200 mg/L. It was found that the removal efficiencies of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N rapidly increased to 80% and 90%, respectively, within the first 8th day. Stage Ⅱ (21-55 d) was the stabilization stage, in which C/N of the influent was also less than 2, and the concentrations of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N were 200-500 and 200-400 mg/L, respectively. In this stage, the removal efficiencies of COD were fluctuated around 60%, while the removal efficiencies of NH₄ ⁺-N were more than 80%. Stage Ⅲ (56-95 d) was the simulation stage for organic concentration change, in which C/N of the influent was in the range of 1.2 to 5.5, while the influent COD and NH₄ ⁺-N concentrations were 300-1 400 and 150-400 mg/L, respectively, and the removal rate of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N was greater than 80% in this stage. Meanwhile, low temperature was one of the main limiting factors for SBR nitrogen and carbon removal. Full-length sequencing of 16S rRNA from microorganisms revealed that Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were the dominant microbial flora at the phylum and class levels in the system, respectively. A significant shift of microbial community in terms of genus level was detected. The dominant microbial community species with nitrogen and carbon removal functions were formed after the operation stabilization. In general, SBR could achieve efficient nitrogen and carbon removal and had promising application potential in the real practice of treating biogas slurry from duck farm with a characteristics of high COD concentration and low C/N.
- biogas slurry from duck farm /
- pilot-scale /
- SBR /
- nitrogen and carbon removal /
- microbial community succession

HTML全文

图 1 SBR中试系统

Figure 1. Pilot-scale SBR system

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图 2 SBR内MLSS、MLVSS、MLVSS/MLSS以及SVI₃₀变化

Figure 2. Changes of MLSS, MLVSS, MLVSS/MLSS and SVI₃₀ in pilot-scale SBR

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图 3 SBR进水和出水COD、BOD₅及去除率

Figure 3. Concentration and removal rate of COD, BOD₅ in influent and effluent in pilot-scale SBR

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图 4 SBR内进水和出水TN、NH₄ ⁺-N 浓度及去除率

Figure 4. Concentration and removal rate of TN, NH₄ ⁺-N in influent and effluent in pilot-scale SBR

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图 5 SBR中COD和NH₄ ⁺-N 比氧化速率变化

Figure 5. Change of specific oxidation rate of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N in pilot-scale SBR

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图 6 SBR中门和纲水平下的微生物群落结构

Figure 6. Microbial community structure at the level of phylum and class in pilot-scale SBR

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表 1 SBR中试系统不同阶段反应温度及进水水质

Table 1. Reaction temperature and influent water quality in different stages of pilot-scale SBR system

阶段	时间/d	温度/℃	pH	COD/(mg/L)	NH₄ ⁺-N浓度/(mg/L)	C/N
Ⅰ	1~20	26.0~29.0	7.7~8.2	200	200	0.8~1.5
Ⅱ	21~55	25.0~27.0	8.0~9.25	100~500	200~400	0.8~1.5
Ⅲ	56~95	7.0~25.0	8.5~9.25	300~1 400	150~400	1.2~5.5

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表 2 微生物Alpha多样性指数统计

Table 2. Statistics of microbial Alpha diversity index

样品	OTUs	ACE指数	Chao指数	Shannon指数	Simpson指数
D1	261	331.68	353.88	4.54	0.019
D20	448	546.39	553.05	4.40	0.038
D55	463	605.65	674.52	4.18	0.067
D70	1 821	1827.27	1821.09	6.70	0.005
D90	342	478.24	476.64	4.25	0.031

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表 3 微生物属水平优势细菌结构占比和功能

Table 3. Structure proportion and function of dominant bacteria at microbial genus level

属水平微生物	占比/%					功能
属水平微生物	D1	D20	D55	D70	D90	功能
Enterococcus	0.1	0.0	0.0	10.0	1.7	病原微生物^[27]
Pseudoxanthomonas	0.1	0.4	0.1	2.1	5.5	反硝化作用^[28]
Paracoccus	0.7	0.2	0.5	0.4	2.2	反硝化作用/降解难降解有机物^[28]
Thauera	0.1	26.1	5.4	12.2	28.1	反硝化作用/降解难降解有机物/胞外聚合物生产^[28-29]
Flavobacterium	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	4.9	胞外聚合物生产/反硝化作用^[28-29]
Nitrosomonas	1.2	3.2	4.5	1.6	0.0	氨氧化作用^[28-29]
Nitrospira	2.6	5.5	4.9	11.0	0.2	硝化作用^[28-29]
Stenotrophomonas	1.9	4.3	27.7	2.2	4.8	反硝化聚磷作用^[29]
Terrimonas	1.6	4.3	1.9	1.6	0.1	反硝化作用^[29]
Gemmobacter	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	2.7	反硝化作用^[30]
Luteimonas	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.5	5.0	降解难降解有机物^[31]
Planctomicrobium	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.2	反硝化作用/降解难降解有机物^[32]
Saprospiraceae_uncultured	4.2	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	反硝化作用/降解难降解有机物^[33]
Blastocatellaceae_uncultured	4.3	4.1	1.0	1.3	0.1	氧化硫化氢^[33]
Dechloromonas	3.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	反硝化除磷作用^[33]
Candidatus Competibacter	10.3	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	聚糖作用^[34]
C10-SB1A_norank	2.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Diaphorobacter	0.0	0.6	1.4	2.3	0.7	反硝化作用^[35]
Ellin6067	2.4	1.2	0.3	0.7	0.0	氨氧化作用^[36]
Fastidiosipila	2.1	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	降解难降解有机物^[37]
Ferruginibacter	0.9	4.2	2.3	1.4	1.2	聚磷作用^[38]
Hyphomicrobiaceae_uncultured	2.2	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	胞外聚合物生产^[38]
IMCC26207	2.4	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.0
Limnobacter	2.2	2.3	1.5	1.6	0.8	降解难降解有机物^[39]
Mariniflexile	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.1
Ottowia	3.7	9.6	14.3	7.2	2.3	反硝化作用/降解难降解有机物^[40]
RBG-13-54-9_norank	2.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group	5.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	降解难降解有机物^[41]
SC-I-84_norank	10.1	4.6	3.4	3.2	0.2
Sphingomonas	0.9	0.5	2.8	0.1	0.5	降解难降解有机物^[42]
Thermomonas	0.6	2.5	0.9	1.3	0.3	反硝化作用^[43-44]
Trichococcus	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.4	8.9	胞外聚合物生产^[45]

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