Research progress of water environment regulation and its key issues from the perspective of sustainable development
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摘要:
全球正面临严重的水资源危机，有效的水环境治理手段是地区可持续发展的关键。环境规制作为其中一个重要的治理手段已被越来越多的学者研究，该研究领域目前已取得不少成果，对该领域现有文献进行系统的梳理，可为后续研究提供科学依据。基于CiteSpace软件，对Web of Science (WoS)数据库和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中所提取的2002—2021年水环境规制研究文献进行可视化知识图谱分析。结果表明：1）水环境规制研究领域WoS数据库文献研究起步早且发展迅速，而CNKI数据库文献研究发展较为落后；总体上该领域作者合作较少，仅核心作者间存在紧密的合作网络。2）目前研究重点为以政府管制为主的命令型水环境规制，而对以市场和公众为主导的市场激励型和隐性环境规制涉及较少。研究热点主要为水资源质量和数量规制、外部环境不确定性对水环境规制的影响以及水资源管理方法的改进。3）从研究趋势来看，水污染、水安全问题的改善是该领域持续关注的内容。未来一段时间水资源再生利用问题将是国内外水环境规制研究的热点。
Abstract:The world is facing serious water resource crisis, and effective water environment management is the key to regional sustainable development. As an important means of governance, environmental regulation has been studied by more and more scholars. Many achievements have been made in this field. A systematic review of the existing literature in this field can provide a scientific basis for subsequent research. Based on CiteSpace, visual knowledge map analysis was performed on water environment regulation literature extracted from Web of Science (WoS) database and CNKI database from 2002 to 2021. The results showed that: 1) The research in WoS database literature started early and developed rapidly, while that in CNKI database literature lagged behind. On the whole, there was little cooperation between domestic and foreign authors in this field, and a close cooperation network existed only among core authors. 2) The current research focused on the command-based water environment regulation dominated by government regulation, while the market incentive and implicit environmental regulation dominated by the market and the public were less involved. The research focused mainly on the regulation of water resources quality and quantity, the influence of external environmental uncertainty on water environment regulation and the improvement of water resources management methods. 3) From the perspective of research trends, the improvement of water pollution and water security was a continuous concern in this field. In addition, in the future, water resource regeneration and utilization would be the focus of water environment regulation research at home and abroad.
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Key words:
- water resources /
- environmental regulation /
- CiteSpace /
- visual analysis /
- development trend
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图 1 水环境规制研究相关文献发表年度
Figure 1. Annual distribution of literature on water environment regulation study
图 2 2014—2021年水环境规制研究相关WoS数据库文献关键词图谱
注：节点大小表示关键词频次，圆圈越大，表示出现频次越大；线条代表关键词间的联系，不同颜色代表不同年份。
Figure 2. Keywords map of the literature of water environment regulation study in WoS database from 2014 to 2021
图 3 水环境规制研究中外文献作者合作关系图谱
Figure 3. Collaboration between authors in foreign and Chinese literature of water environment regulation study
图 4 水环境规制研究中外相关文献聚类图谱
Figure 4. Clustering map of foreign literature and Chinese literature on water environment regulation study
图 5 水环境规制研究中外相关文献时区图谱
Figure 5. Timezone view of foreign literature and Chinese literature on water environment regulation study
图 6 水环境规制研究中外相关文献时间线图谱
Figure 6. Timeline view of foreign literature and Chinese literature on water environment regulation study
表 1 水资源管理工作重要文件
Table 1. Important documents of water resources management
文件名称 出台年份 主要内容 《取水许可和水资源费征收管理条例》 2006 分级进行取水许可制度的审批和监督管理，水资源费的征收管理，明确
相关法律责任《中共中央国务院关于加快水利改革
发展的决定》2011 创新水利发展机制体制，推进依法治水，突出加强农田水利等薄弱环节建设，加快水利基础设施建设，搞好水生态保护，推进水安全建设 《国务院关于全国重要江河湖泊水功能区划（2011—2030年）
的批复》2011 促进经济社会发展同水资源承载能力相适应，完善管理规定，加强
水功能区监管及评价《国务院关于实行最严格水资源管理
制度的意见》2012 严格实行用水总量控制管理，加快推进节水技术改造，加强水功能区限制纳污红线管理，建立全面的保障措施 《水污染防治行动计划》 2015 全面控制污染物排放，推动经济结构转变升级，加强水环境管理，强化
公众参与和社会监督
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表 2 WoS数据库文献的引用数据统计（被引频次>250的文献）
Table 2. Cited data statistics of literature in WoS database (cited frequency>250)
第一作者 发表
年份被引
频次文献题名 Bolong N 2009 675 A review of the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater and options for their removal Yang G 2015 525 Current state of sludge production, management, treatment and disposal in China Raymond C M 2009 374 Mapping community values for natural capital and ecosystem services Lehner B 2013 354 Global river hydrography and network routing: baseline data and new approaches to study the world's large river systems Skutlarek D 2006 349 Perfluorinated surfactants in surface and drinking water Foley J 2010 252 Comprehensive life cycle inventories of alternative wastewater treatment systems
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表 3 CNKI数据库文献的引用数据统计（被引频次>20的文献）
Table 3. Cited data statistics of literature in CNKI database (cited frequency>20)
第一作者 发表
年份被引
频次文献题名 张宇 2014 198 FDI、政府监管与中国水污染: 基于产业结构与技术进步分解
指标的实证检验杨骞 2015 95 污染排放约束下中国农业水资源效率的区域差异与影响因素 易志斌 2010 53 地方政府环境规制失灵的原因及解决途径: 以跨界水污染为例 孙才志 2013 49 环境规制下的中国水资源利用环境技术效率测度及空间关联特征分析 沈坤荣 2020 28 地方政府竞争、垂直型环境规制与
污染回流效应张峰 2017 24 环境规制、技术进步与工业用水强度的脱钩关系与动态响应
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表 4 2002—2021年水环境规制研究突现词
Table 4. Burst keywords in water environment regulation research in 2002—2021
数据库 突现词 突现强度 突现年份 WoS river 2.93 2008—2009 flow 4.30 2009—2013 riparian vegetation 3.95 2009—2015 ecosystem 3.70 2009—2015 flow regulation 3.33 2009—2015 water management 5.17 2010—2013 streamflow 4.72 2012—2016 eutrophication 2.93 2012—2017 govermance 2.89 2012—2014 groundwater 3.64 2014—2016 environmental flow 3.39 2014—2015 model 3.37 2014—2015 runoff 4.06 2015—2018 resources management 4.04 2015—2017 dam 3.24 2015—2017 Loess plateau 2.96 2015—2017 water resources management 2.95 2016—2018 adsorption 2.89 2016—2018 consumption 3.35 2017—2018 contamination 3.01 2017—2019 waste 4.55 2018—2019 China 4.26 2018—2019 anaerobic digestion 2.89 2018—2019 plant 3.21 2019—2021 resource recovery 2.91 2019—2021 CNKI 水污染 1.10 2015—2015 水资源 1.19 2016—2018 工业用水 1.23 2017—2018 影响因素 0.87 2017—2021 门槛效应 0.96 2018—2021
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