Research advances in nano gas layers at the solid-liquid interface
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摘要:
纳米气层是一种存在于固液界面上的准二维纳米结构的气态聚集体，科学家历经10多年的研究，其至今仍存在许多未解之谜。基于现有的研究成果，对纳米气层研究的主要问题及重要进展进行梳理与概述，主要介绍了纳米气层的基本性质，论述了纳米气层与纳米气泡的结构关系以及共存系统的动态平衡过程，归纳了该领域最新前沿研究所关注的重要科学谜题与主要挑战，如纳米气层的气相真实性、稳定性、结构有序性及气层的高效制备等问题，并提出了一些解决思路。在展现纳米气层过往研究历程的同时，也展望了未来纳米气层技术在一些重要界面反应中的可能应用。
Abstract:Nano gas layer, a quasi-two-dimensional gassy absorbate located at the liquid-solid interface, still remains many open questions after relevant investigations for more than ten years. Based on the existing studies, the essential puzzles and significant achievements of the nano gas layers were summarized. The properties of nano gas layer, the relationship between the nano gas layer and nanobubbles, and their dynamic equilibrium were illustrated. More importantly, the current attention and controversies in this field, such as the gas phase authenticity, stability, structural order, and efficient preparation of the nano gas layer were introduced and discussed. Some suggestions to resolve these challenges were presented. This review reported the past development of research of nano gas layers as well as the prospect of their potential applications in some important interfacial reactions in the future.
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Key words:
- nano gas layer /
- atomic force microscope /
- nanobubbles /
- solid-liquid interface /
- graphite surface
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图 1 石墨表面纳米气层及纳米气泡与气层共存物[4]
Figure 1. Nano gas layer on graphite surface and coexistence of nano bubble and gas layer
图 2 醇水替换前后探针与样品相互作用力曲线及示意[14]
Figure 2. Force curves and schematics of the tip interacted with samples before and after the ethanol-water exchange
图 3 含气量不同的水中探针靠近石墨表面过程中的力梯度与能量耗散[16]
Figure 3. The conservative force gradients and energy dissipation during the tip approach to the HOPG surface in water with different gas saturation
图 4 石墨材料HOPG表面纳米气泡与纳米气层的硬度信息[21]
Figure 4. Stiffness image of nanobubbles and nano gas layer on the HOPG surface
图 5 石墨表面纳米气层逐渐演变成纳米气泡过程[23]
Figure 5. The transformation from nano gas layers to nanobubbles on the HOPG surface
图 6 加热冷却过程中界面气态共存物的2种动态平衡演变 [24]
Figure 6. Two evolutions of dynamic equilibrium of the interfacial gas coexistence during heating and cooling
图 7 探针扰动界面气态结构（蓝色框内）对周边未受干扰的气态结构造成影响[34]
Figure 7. Effects of the gas domains violently disturbed by the tip on their undisturbed neighbors
图 8 塑料注射器进行替换后石墨表面产生的层状物[37]
Figure 8. The layers formed on the graphite surface after the exchange used plastic syringes
图 9 使用玻璃注射器注入气体过饱和水生成可用脱气水去除的纳米气层[41]
Figure 9. The removable nano gas layers were produced by using glass syringes to inject gas supersaturated water
图 10 模拟20与50 ℃时亲水、疏水界面上的气层形态及单位面积气流量[45]
Figure 10. The calculated shape and gas flux per unit area of nano gas layers on the hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface at 20 and 50 ℃
图 11 醇水替换后HOPG表面产生的多重气层[42]
Figure 11. Multiple gas layers on the HOPG surface after the ethanol-water exchange
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