Research progress of air pollution prevention and control based on enterprise electricity consumption data
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摘要:
当前，我国处于“十四五”的关键发展时期，对于污染防治工作提出了“精准治污、科学治污、依法治污”的新要求。电力能源是企业的战略资源和核心生产要素，企业用电数据能够反映企业的经济运行、产业运转情况，具有非常大的数据挖掘价值，在大气污染防治领域的应用前景广阔。综述了目前国内外基于企业用电数据的企业污染排放模型构建、“散乱污”与“偷排漏排”企业识别监管、特别管控期间污染排放监管与评估及精细化大气污染源排放清单构建等方面的研究现状。结果表明：运用企业用电数据，能够实现对企业（尤其是小、微企业）污染物排放的精准监管，一定程度上弥补了环保监管在这方面的不足，极大提高了工作效率。总结了电力大数据在大气污染防治应用中需要注意的问题，并对后续电力数据在大气污染防治领域的深层次应用提出了建议。
Abstract:At present, China is in the critical development period of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and new requirements for "Precise Pollution Control, Scientific Pollution Control and Lawful Pollution Control" is required for pollution prevention and control. Electric power is a strategic resource and core production factor of an enterprise. The electricity consumption data of an enterprise can reflect the economic operation and industrial operation of the enterprise, which has great data mining value and broad application prospects in the field of air pollution prevention and control. The current domestic and foreign research was reviewed on the construction of enterprise pollution emission models based on enterprise electricity consumption data, the identification and supervision of "small unlicensed and polluting" enterprises and "stealthy and leakage emission" enterprises, the supervision and evaluation of pollutant emissions during special control periods, and the construction of fine air pollution source emission inventory. The analysis showed that the use of enterprise electricity consumption data could realize the precise supervision of pollutant discharge of enterprises (especially small and micro enterprises), which could make up for the deficiencies of environmental protection supervision to a certain extent and greatly improve work efficiency. Several issues that needed to be paid attention to in the application of power consumption big data were summarized, and suggestions for the further application of power data in the field of air pollution prevention and control were put forward.
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