乌昌石都市圈城市空间发展对NO<sub>2</sub>浓度时空变化的影响

曹扬; 李艳红

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220366

乌昌石都市圈城市空间发展对NO₂浓度时空变化的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220366

曹扬^{1, 2,},
李艳红^{1, 2, ,}

1.
新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院
2.
新疆维吾尔自治区新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室

基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目（2021D01A117）；国家自然科学基金项目（41761007）

详细信息

作者简介:
曹扬（1992—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱区资源与气候研究，1303486451@qq.com

通讯作者:
李艳红（1977—），女，教授，博士，主要从事干旱区湖泊湿地生态恢复技术研究，lyh0704@126.com

中图分类号: X511
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-20

Effect of urban spatial development on spatial and temporal variation of NO₂ concentration in Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area

CAO Yang^{1, 2
,},
LI Yanhong^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
College of Geography Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University
2.
Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Area, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

摘要

摘要:
为探究城市空间发展对天山北坡经济带重心乌昌石都市圈NO₂污染的影响，利用多源遥感数据对乌昌石都市圈NO₂排放量时空变化进行研究。结果表明：基于2006—2020年OMI遥感数据，按全疆NO₂平均排放量大小进行划分后发现，新疆地区NO₂低污染区为和田等小城市，较低污染区为喀什及哈密等地区，中污染区在其中西部地区，次高污染区出现在天山南坡中等城市巴音郭楞蒙古自治州中部，高污染区在乌昌石都市圈。在空间格局上，城镇用地与建设用地以乌鲁木齐市五大城区为中心，以昌吉回族自治州昌吉市、阜康市及石河子市城区为副中心不断增长。乌昌石都市圈城市化进程加快，距离城区越近NO₂浓度越高，对其周围环境的污染程度越高。乌昌石都市圈2次疫情防控时，NO₂浓度下降幅度最大。对新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控前后（2019—2021年)乌昌石都市圈潜在源贡献因子（PSCF）及浓度权重轨迹（CWT）进行分析，结果表明主要潜在源区为乌鲁木齐本地区域以及昌吉回族自治州西南部邻近城市。
- 天山北坡经济带 /
- 二氧化氮 /
- 潜在源贡献因子 /
- 乌昌石都市圈 /
- 浓度权重轨迹分析
Abstract:
In order to explore the impact of urban spatial development on NO pollution in Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area, the center of gravity of the north slope of Tianshan Mountain Economic Belt, multi-source remote sensing data was used to study the temporal and spatial variation of NO emissions in Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area. The results show that: based on the OMI remote sensing data from 2006 to 2020, according to the average amount of NO₂ emission in Xinjiang, it is found that the low emission zone of NO₂ in Xinjiang is Hotan and other small cities; the low emission zone is Kashgar and Hami and other regions; the medium emission zone 1 is in the western part of Xinjiang; the second high emission zone appears in the middle of Bayingoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, a medium-sized city on the southern slope, and the high pollution emission zone In the Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area. In terms of spatial pattern, the urban land and construction land are growing with one city and five urban districts of Urumqi as the main center, and Changji City, Fukang City and Shihezi City as the sub-centers. The urbanization process of Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area is accelerated, and the closer it is to the urban area, the more N. The higher the concentration, the higher the degree of pollution to the surrounding environment. During the second management in Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area, the concentration of NO decreased the most. The potential source contribution factor (PSCF) and concentration weight locus (CWT) of Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area were analyzed before and after the critical period of novel coronavirus (2019-2021). The results showed that the main potential source areas were the local region of Urumqi and the neighboring cities in the southwest of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture.
- Tianshan North Slope Economic Belt /
- nitrogen dioxide /
- potential source contribution factor /
- Wuchangshi Metropolitan Area /
- concentration weight locus

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图 1 NO₂浓度空间变化情况

Figure 1. Spatial variation of NO₂ concentration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 土地利用变化情况

Figure 2. Land use change

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图 3 2019—2021年气流轨迹聚类统计分析结果

注：图中★表示本地主要污染排放源位置，通过聚类分为6条输送轨迹，百分数表示轨迹数占总轨迹数的比例。

Figure 3. Clustering statistical analysis results of air flow trajectory from 2019 to 2021

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图 4 2019—2021年NO₂潜在贡献源分析

Figure 4. Analysis of NO₂ potential sources in 2019-2021

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图 5 2019—2021年NO₂的浓度权重轨迹

Figure 5. Weight trajectory of NO₂ CWT concentration from 2019 to 2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 各阶段同期NO₂浓度变化情况

Table 1. Changes of NO₂ concentration in each stage

地区	年份	1月1— 26日	1月27日— 3月4日	3月5日— 7月16日	7月17日— 9月1日	9月2日— 12月31日
乌鲁木齐	2019	66.73	58.64	32.17	30.35	47.13
	2020	61.84	38.19	21.96	15.72	36.96
	2021	60.75	46.88	23.49	28.47	39.43
昌吉回族自治州	2019	33.51	33.08	22.92	23.29	27.53
	2020	48.29	27.03	17.56	10.93	30.50
	2021	34.15	26.25	13.48	15.92	22.15
石河子	2019	59.47	43.67	28.16	28.82	43.24
	2020	59.84	27.26	24.23	23.27	43.15
	2021	64.55	48.68	25.99	28.96	42.02

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表 2 城市NO₂浓度与功能区数量关系

Table 2. Relationship between NO₂ concentration and the number of functional areas

地区		NO₂平均浓度/ (molec/cm²)	功能区数量
地区		NO₂平均浓度/ (molec/cm²)	餐饮购物	住宅	科教	企业公司
乌鲁木齐	工业区	34	16 578	671	513	3 730
乌鲁木齐	市区	45	54 264	3835	3 110	7 419
昌吉回族自治州	工业区	28	26	10	13	73
昌吉回族自治州	市区	47	2 722	164	157	253
石河子	工业区	48	1 253	73	228	302
石河子	市区	52	1 712	182	527	400

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 气象因素统计

Table 3. Meteorological factor statistics

区域	气象因素	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季
乌鲁木齐	主导风向	西北风	西北风	北风	北风
	平均风速/(m/s)	23	8~12	8~12	4~8
	24 h内强降温次数	10	6	5	4
昌吉回族自治州	主导风向	北风	北风	北风	北风
	平均风速/(m/s)	8~12	8~12	4~8	0~4
	24 h内强降温次数	10	16	8	6
石河子	主导风向	北风	北风	西北风	北风
	平均风速/（m/s）	8~12	8~12	4~8	0~4
	24 h内强降温次数	11	4	3	5

下载: 导出CSV

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