沈阳市政污泥制备烧结砖的试验探究

张钧羿; 魏建兵; 韩冬; 徐斌韬; 陆庆轩; 程全国

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220469

沈阳市政污泥制备烧结砖的试验探究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220469

1.
沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室
2.
沈阳中城城市矿产资源开发集团有限公司
3.
沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41771200，41171399）；沈阳市科技计划项目（20-206-4-02）

详细信息

作者简介:
张钧羿(1998—)，女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为固体废物资源化利用，867317988@qq.com

通讯作者:
魏建兵(1972—)，男，教授，主要从事景观生态学、环境生态工程研究，oliver1208@sina.com

中图分类号: X705
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- 文章访问数: 295
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-15
- 录用日期: 2022-09-27
- 修回日期: 2022-07-08

Experimental study on the making of sintered brick using municipal sludge in Shenyang City

1.
Key Laboratory of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University
2.
Shenyang Zhongcheng City Mineral Resources Development Group Co., Ltd.
3.
School of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University

摘要

摘要:
以沈阳市政污泥为研究对象，开展污泥混合煤矸石和页岩材料制烧结砖的操作过程和产品应用的可行性研究。通过原材料测试评价和正交试验优化混配材料比例来确定最佳烧结制度，在此基础上，评估污泥添加量对砖性能的影响和样砖的环境安全性。结果表明：3种材料混配制砖的最佳烧结制度是污泥添加量为5%，烧结温度为1 050 ℃，烧结时间为9 h，该烧结制度下烧结砖样品检测指标达到或优于GB 5101—2003《烧结普通砖》的要求；混配材料试验中污泥添加量为0%~15%时，制得的烧结砖样品的抗压强度均能达到出厂标准；污泥添加量为0%~20%，烧结温度为1 050 ℃，烧结时间为9 h时，制得的烧结砖样品对环境安全无害。
- 污水处理厂 /
- 污泥资源化 /
- 烧结砖 /
- 抗压强度 /
- 重金属
Abstract:
Taking municipal sludge of Shenyang City as an example, the operation processes and product application feasibility of sintered brick made of sludge mixed with coal gangue and shale were explored. The optimal sintering system was determined by optimizing the proportion of mixed materials through raw material test and evaluation and orthogonal experiment. On this basis, the influence of sludge addition on the performance of brick and the environmental safety of brick samples were evaluated. The results showed: The optimum sintering system for brick making with three kinds of mixed materials was as follows: sludge addition was 5%, sintering temperature was 1 050 ℃ and sintering time was 9 h. The performance of sintered brick samples met or exceeded Fired Common Bricks ( GB 5101-2003). In the test of mixed materials, the compressive strength of sintered bricks with sludge addition of 0%-15% could meet the factory standard. The sintered bricks with 0%-20% sludge, 1 050 ℃ sintering temperature and 9 h sintering time were safe and harmless for the environment.
- sewage treatment plants /
- resource utilization of sludge /
- sintered brick /
- compressive strength /
- heavy metal

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图 1 正交试验极差比较

Figure 1. Range comparison of orthogonal test

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图 2 烧结砖XRD衍射

Figure 2. XRD diffraction pattern of sintered brick

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图 3 烧结砖扫描电镜图

Figure 3. SEM image of sintered brick

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图 4 污泥添加量对气孔率和吸水率的影响

Figure 4. Effect of sludge addition on porosity and water absorption

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图 5 污泥添加量对体积密度和抗压强度的影响

Figure 5. Effect of sludge addition on bulk density and compressive strength

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表 1 原材料发热量及配比

Table 1. Calorific value and ratio of raw materials

发热量/（cal/g）	原材料配比/%
发热量/（cal/g）	污泥	康平矸石	铁岭矸石	铁岭页岩
538	0	60	20	20
542	5	46	29	20
543	10	37	33	20
546	15	26	39	20
548	20	26	44	20

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表 2 正交试验因素水平

Table 2. Factor level table of orthogonal test

序号	污泥添加量（A）/%	烧结温度（B）/℃	烧结时间（C）/h
1	5	950	8
2	10	1000	9
3	15	1050	10

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表 3 三因素三水平正交试验

Table 3. Orthogonal test table of three factors and three levels

序号	污泥添加量（A）/%	烧结温度（B）/℃	烧结时间（C）/h
1	5	950	8
2	5	1000	10
3	5	1050	9
4	10	950	10
5	10	1000	9
6	10	1050	8
7	15	950	9
8	15	1000	8
9	15	1050	10

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表 4 原材料物质成分及理化性质

Table 4. Material composition and physical and chemical properties of raw materials

原料	SiO₂浓度/%	Al₂O₃浓度/%	Fe₂O₃浓度/%	CaO浓度/%	MgO浓度/%	K₂O浓度/%	SO₃浓度/%	发热量/(cal/g)	pH	烧失率/%
市政污泥	13.52	13.52	10.37	2.92	1.53	0.87	0.87	2 018	6.3	41.0
康平矸石	46.64	13.89	11.20	5.16	1.41	1.22	0.91	907	9.7	16.5
铁岭矸石	57.25	15.50	7.94	1.68	1.25	1.93	0	289	10.0	12.9
铁岭页岩	58.45	15.92	5.92	5.95	1.89	6.45	0	0	8.7

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表 5 原材料重金属浓度

Table 5. Heavy metal contents of raw materials mg/L　

原料	镉	铅	铬	锌	铜	镍	砷	汞
市政污泥	2.35	53.13	132.26	1086.77	234.38	54.27	12.36	0.280
康平矸石	0.09	12.21	2.85	75.80	25.87	29.96	16.30	0.004
铁岭矸石	0.19	12.65	24.13	73.24	23.73	41.88	2.59	0.008
铁岭页岩	0.12	5.81	3.70	19.04	26.76	15.56	3.64	0.000
GB/T 25031—2010标准限值	20	300	1000	4000	1500	200	75	5

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表 6 正交试验结果

Table 6. Results of orthogonal test

序号	烧失率/%	体积收缩率/%	吸水率/%	抗压强度/MPa
1	16.99	1.02	17.10	16.6
2	17.12	1.23	16.10	16.2
3	16.25	1.84	12.29	20.4
4	16.13	1.42	21.55	16.3
5	16.50	1.43	19.31	14.8
6	16.40	1.74	18.24	15.5
7	14.91	1.03	18.93	12.2
8	15.10	1.27	17.12	12.9
9	15.94	1.28	13.73	15.1

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表 7 正交试验k值与极差分析

Table 7. K value and range analysis of orthogonal test

项目		污泥添加量（A）	烧结温度（B）	烧结时间（C）
烧失率	k₁	16.78	16.00	16.16
	k₂	16.34	16.24	15.88
	k₃	15.31	16.19	16.39
	R	1.47	0.24	0.51
收缩率	k₁	1.36	1.15	1.33
	k₂	1.53	1.31	1.43
	k₃	1.18	1.62	1.31
	R	0.35	0.47	0.12
吸水率	k₁	15.70	19.20	17.40
	k₂	19.70	17.51	16.84
	k₃	16.60	14.75	17.13
	R	4.00	4.45	0.56
抗压强度	k₁	17.73	12.53	12.50
	k₂	8.20	12.30	13.47
	k₃	13.40	14.50	13.37
	R	9.53	2.20	0.97

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表 8 烧结砖样品重金属浸出浓度

Table 8. Leaching concentrations of heavy metals from sintered brick samples mg/L　

污泥添加量/%	镉	铅	铬	锌	铜	镍	砷	汞
0	0.03	0.31	0.97	3.62	2.85	0.91	2.39	0.001
5	0.03	0.27	0.78	4.11	3.10	1.99	1.12	0.001
10	0.02	0.19	0.62	6.72	3.13	1.20	1.97	0.001
15	0.04	0.27	1.33	6.39	7.27	4.38	1.58	0.001
20	0.04	0.34	1.28	15.78	6.25	3.91	2.02	0.002
GB 5085.3— 2007标准限值	1	5	15	100	100	5	5	0.1

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