南四湖表层沉积物中砷赋存特征及污染评价

刘浩志; 张菊; 贾润娜; 张建康; 吴金甲; 邓焕广

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220501

南四湖表层沉积物中砷赋存特征及污染评价

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220501

1.
聊城大学地理与环境学院
2.
聊城大学运河学研究院

基金项目: 聊城大学科研基金项目（318011909，318012019）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘浩志（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为农区水体重金属污染，1394378176@qq.com

通讯作者:
邓焕广（1978—），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为湿地生物地球化学循环，lcdhg@lcu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X524
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-21

Speciation and pollution evaluation of arsenic in the surface sediment of Nansi Lake

1.
School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University
2.
The Grand Canal Research Institute, Liaocheng University

摘要

摘要:
为了解南四湖表层沉积物中砷（As）的赋存与分布特征及污染状况，分别采用王水消解-原子荧光法和Tessier修正连续提取法分析59个表层沉积物样品中As含量及其赋存形态，并利用次生相与原生相比值法和风险评价编码法进行As污染与生态风险评价。结果表明：南四湖表层沉积物中总砷（TAs）含量为8.81~25.14 mg/kg，平均值为（18.06±5.26）mg/kg，高于山东省土壤As背景值和黄河干流沉积物As背景值；各形态As平均含量依次为残渣态（17.30 mg/kg）>腐殖酸结合态（0.31 mg/kg）>铁锰氧化态（0.30 mg/kg）>离子交换态（0.05 mg/kg）=水溶态（0.05 mg/kg）>碳酸盐结合态（0.04 mg/kg）>强有机质结合态（0.004 mg/kg）；各湖区均以残渣态As为主，可提取态As仅占TAs的4.46%。次生相与原生相比值法评价结果表明，南四湖沉积物中As均为清洁水平；风险评价编码法评价结果表明，南四湖沉积物整体上无生态风险，但约有28.8%的采样点沉积物中As处于轻度生态风险。
- 砷 /
- 沉积物 /
- 赋存形态 /
- 污染评价 /
- 次生相与原生相比值法 /
- 风险评价编码法 /
- 南四湖
Abstract:
In order to study the occurrence and distribution characteristics of arsenic (As) and its pollution status in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake, the total content and speciation of As in 59 surface sediment samples were analyzed by aqua regia digestion-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and modified Tessier sequential extraction methods, respectively. Also, its pollution and ecological risk were evaluated by the methods of the ratio of secondary phase to primary phase (RSP) and risk assessment code (RAC). The results showed that the total arsenic (TAs) content in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake ranged from 8.81 to 25.14 mg/kg, with an average value of (18.06±5.26)mg/kg, which was higher than the soil background value of Shandong Province as well as the sediment background value of the mainstream of the Yellow River. The average content of As in each form was in the order of residual fraction (17.30 mg/kg) > humic acid - bound fraction (0.31 mg/kg) > Fe-Mn oxidation fraction (0.30 mg/kg) > ion exchange fraction (0.05 mg/kg) = water-soluble fraction (0.05 mg/kg) > carbonate-bound fraction (0.04 mg/kg) > strong organic-bound fraction (0.004 mg/kg). As in the sediments of Nansi Lake was mainly in residue fraction, and the extractable As only accounted for about 4.46% of the total As. The assessment results of RSP suggested that As in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake was all at a clean level, while the results of RAC showed that the sediments of Nansi Lake had no ecological risk in general, but sediments in about 28.8% of the sampling sites showed mild ecological risk.
- arsenic /
- sediment /
- modes of occurrence /
- pollution evaluation /
- ratio of secondary phase to primary phase (RSP) /
- risk assessment code (RAC) /
- Nansi Lake

HTML全文

图 1 南四湖采样点分布

Figure 1. Sketch map of the sampling sites in Nansi Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 南四湖各湖区表层沉积物TAs含量及空间分布

Figure 2. TAs content and spatial distribution in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

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图 3 南四湖各湖区表层沉积物中As的赋存形态含量占比

注：南阳湖、昭阳湖和独山湖中形态F6未检出，微山湖F6占比不足0.035%。

Figure 3. Percentages of arsenic fractions in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

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图 4 南四湖表层沉积物可提取态As含量的分布

Figure 4. Distribution of extractable arsenic content in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

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图 5 南四湖表层沉积物As的污染与风险分布

Figure 5. Pollution and risk distribution of arsenic in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 评价指标及其分级

Table 1. Grades of the assessment indexes

RSP法		RAC法
Z	污染程度	H/%	生态风险
≤1	无污染	≤1	无风险
1~2	轻度污染	1~10	轻度风险
2~3	中度污染	10~30	中度风险
>3	重度污染	30~50	高风险
		>50	非常高风险

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表 2 南四湖表层沉积物理化性质

Table 2. Statistics of physicochemical indexes in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

统计参数（n=59）	pH	Eh/mV	OM含量/(g/kg)
平均值	8.31	−161.59	82.18
最小值	6.68	−286	7.33
最大值	9.49	−50	168.32
标准偏差	0.59	53.93	44.15
CV/%	7.13	33.37	53.73
参比值^1）			11.6
1）为山东省土壤有机质背景值^[18]。

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表 3 南四湖表层沉积物As含量与其理化性质间Pearson相关系数

Table 3. Pearson correlation coefficient of arsenic content and physiochemical properties in surface sediments of Nansi Lake

指标	F2	F3	F4	F5	F6	F7	TAs	pH	Eh	OM
F1	0.86 ^**	0.09	0.09	0.01	0.39 ^**	−0.12	−0.10	0.23	−0.07	0.45 ^**
F2	1	0.11	0.17	0.20	0.31 ^*	0.06	0.08	0.08	−0.10	0.49 ^**
F3		1	0.06	0.20	0.02	0.27 ^*	0.27 ^*	−0.15	0.38 ^**	0.21
F4			1	0.05	−0.13	0.60 ^**	0.61 ^**	0.03	0.07	0.09
F5				1	0.10	0.19	0.21	−0.11	0.02	0.20
F6					1	0.08	0.09	−0.17	−0.02	0.19
F7						1	0.99 ^**	−0.20	0.32 ^*	0.06
TAs							1	−0.20	0.32 ^*	0.07
pH								1	−0.23	0.04
Eh									1	−0.08
注：*表示P<0.01；表示P<0.05。

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表 4 南四湖与国内其他湖泊沉积物As含量比较

Table 4. Comparison of arsenic contents in surface sediments of Nansi Lake and other lakes in China

湖泊	As含量/(mg/kg)		CV/%	环境背景值/(mg/kg)
湖泊	平均值	范围	CV/%	环境背景值/(mg/kg)
南四湖（n=59）	18.06	6.21~27.56	29	7.50
南四湖（n=205）^[10]	17.70	6.10~31.80	30	7.50
南四湖（n=29）^[11]	14.41	7.49~24.93	30	7.50
东平湖（n=29）^[14]	15.69	8.59~22.76	17	7.50
鄱阳湖（n=38）^[23]	17.00	6.31~52.60	40	13.37
贵州草海（n=84）^[24]	21.81	11.25~46.87	47	14.89
洞庭湖（n=15）^[25]	21.23	10.10~67.54	74	15.00
阳宗海（n=6）^[26]	24.13	6.69~55.56		26.60

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