基于边界定位法的固体废物填埋场渗漏应急检测技术及应用

刘景财; 孙晓晨; 郑开达; 常景润; 刘玉强; 能昌信; 董路

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220606

基于边界定位法的固体废物填埋场渗漏应急检测技术及应用

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220606

中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1806304，2018YFC1800902)；国家自然科学基金项目(51708529)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘景财(1985—)，男，工程师，硕士，主要从事环境监测技术研究，wdf04@163.com

通讯作者:
刘玉强(1975—)，男，研究员，硕士，主要从事固体废物填埋及场地风险评估研究，liuyq@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X705;X830.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-25

Emergency detection technology of solid waste landfill leakage based on boundary location method and its applications

Research Institute of Solid Waste Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
人工衬层系统是固体废物填埋处置的重要防护屏障，一旦产生破损将造成渗滤液渗漏，严重危害环境和人体健康，因此及时有效地对人工衬层进行渗漏检测十分重要。目前常用的渗漏检测技术，如示踪剂法、偶极子法等方法不能适用于运行中填埋场的渗漏检测，难以满足突发渗漏情况下应急检测需求。针对填埋场渗漏应急检测问题，提出一种新的土工膜渗漏应急检测方法——边界定位法，该方法具有无损检测、操作方便和数据处理迅速高效的优点。通过在填埋场四周布设电极扩大检测范围，利用集成开发的边界定位检测系统计算获取的信号，最终给定渗漏源的GPS坐标和数据可视化结果。以我国华东地区生活垃圾填埋场和危险废物填埋场为研究案例，分析基于边界定位法的渗漏应急检测技术在实际工程中的应用效果。结果表明：边界定位法能够实现渗漏源的快速定位，其给定的渗漏点位置与实际开挖验证位置的最大误差小于2 m，且可以通过现场开挖过程跟踪测量进行纠正。当填埋场存在多个渗漏点时，对于渗漏点之间距离超过2 m的多个渗漏点均可以有效检出；如果渗漏点之间距离小于1 m，信号采集误差使得边界定位检测系统将其计算为1个渗漏点。
- 边界定位 /
- 固体废物 /
- 填埋场 /
- 渗漏检测
Abstract:
The artificial liner system is an important protective barrier for disposal of solid waste in landfill, but the breakage of liner will cause leachate leakage, which will seriously endanger the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the leakage of artificial lining in a timely and effective manner. The current commonly used leakage detection technologies, such as tracer method and dipole method, cannot be applied to the leakage detection of landfill during operation, which are difficult to meet the requirements of emergency detection in case of sudden leakage. Aiming at the problem of emergency detection of landfill leakage, a novel emergency leakage detection method of geomembrane named boundary location method was proposed, which had the advantages of nondestructive detection, convenient operation and rapid and efficient data processing. The detection range of boundary location method was extended by placing electrodes around the landfill, then the obtained signals were calculated by integrated developed boundary location detection system. Finally, GPS coordinates of leakage sources and data visualization results were given at the terminal. A municipal solid waste landfill and a hazardous waste landfill in East China were taken as research cases to analyze the application effect of leakage emergency detection technology based on boundary location method in practical projects. The results showed that the boundary location method could achieve rapid localization of leakage source in practical engineering, and the error between the predicted and actual locations of leakage sources was within 2 m, and it could be corrected by tracking and measuring the on-site excavation process. In addition, the signal errors made the boundary location detection system calculate them as one if the distances among leakage sources were less than 1 m, and multiple leakage points with a distance of more than 2 m could be effectively detected when there were multiple leakage points in the landfill.
- boundary location /
- solid waste /
- landfill /
- leakage detection

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图 1 基于边界定位法的渗漏检测示意

Figure 1. Schematic of leakage detection based on boundary location method

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图 2 检测系统的下位机和上位机

Figure 2. Lower computer and upper computer of detection system

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图 3 边界定位检测系统的设备流程

Figure 3. Equipment schematic of boundary location detection system

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图 4 某生活垃圾填埋场场地概况

Figure 4. Site situation of a municipal solid waste landfill

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图 5 案例1的电流密度分布

Figure 5. Current density distribution of case 1

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图 6 案例1的库底介质电阻率分布

Figure 6. Resistivity distribution of reservoir bottom medium of case 1

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图 7 案例1生活垃圾填埋场现场开挖结果

Figure 7. Site excavation results of municipal solid waste landfill of case 1

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图 8 某危险废物填埋场场地概况

Figure 8. Site situation of a hazardous waste landfill

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图 9 案例2电流密度分布

Figure 9. Current density distribution of case 2

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图 10 案例2库底介质电阻率分布

Figure 10. Resistivity distribution of reservoir bottom medium of case 2

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图 11 案例2危险废物填埋场现场开挖结果

Figure 11. Site excavation results of hazardous waste landfill of case 2

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表 1 案例1的渗漏点的预测坐标、实际坐标及误差

Table 1. Predicted coordinates, actual coordinates and errors of leakage points in case 1

渗漏点	预测坐标/(°)	实际坐标/(°)	误差/m
1号	(24.694 555E， 115.624 736N)	(24.694 539E， 115.624 736N)	0.764
2号	(24.694 227E， 115.624 405N)	(24.694 220E， 115.624 393N)	1.483
3号	(24.694 434E， 115.624 121N)	(24.694 423E， 115.624 106N)	1.830

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表 2 案例2的渗漏点的预测坐标、实际坐标及误差

Table 2. Predicted coordinates, actual coordinates and errors of leakage points in case 2

渗漏点	预测坐标/(°)	实际坐标/(°)	误差/m
1号	(32.052 081E， 119.742 713N)	(32.052 070E， 119.742 700N)	1.568
2号	(32.053 102E， 119.743 010N)	(32.053 090E， 119.743 000N)	1.294
3号	(32.053 274E， 119.742 713N)	(32.053 270E， 119.742 700N)	1.488
4号	(32.053 505E， 119.742 416N)	(32.053 504E， 119.742 410N)	0.650
5号	(32.053 500E， 119.742 414N)	(32.053 505E， 119.742 415N)	0.290
6号	(32.053 342E， 119.743 100N)	(32.053 341E， 119.743 097N)	0.310
7号	(32.053 341E， 19.743 098N)	(32.053 342E， 119.743 100N)	0.256
8号	(32.052 358E， 119.742 708N)	(32.052 360E， 119.742 700N)	0.895

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