基于时空数据挖掘的大气重污染传输过程时空规律分析

屠星月; 邵社刚; 张潇天; 王维; 孙彩萍; 王标; 康玉麟

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220696

基于时空数据挖掘的大气重污染传输过程时空规律分析

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220696

屠星月^1,,
邵社刚²,
张潇天^{1, 3},
王维^1, ,,
孙彩萍¹,
王标¹,
康玉麟¹

1.
中国环境科学研究院环境信息研究所
2.
交通运输部公路科学研究院
3.
重庆市生态环境监测中心

基金项目: 大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（DQGG2021101）；公路交通环境保护技术交通行业重点实验室开放课题“基于多源遥感监测的公路网识别技术研究”

详细信息

作者简介:
屠星月（1989—），女，博士，主要从事环境信息研究，tu.xingyue@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
王维(1977—)，男，研究员，博士，主要从事环境信息研究，weiwang@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X51
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- 文章访问数: 682
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-06
- 录用日期: 2022-10-14
- 修回日期: 2022-08-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-28

Analysis of transmission spatio-temporal pattern of atmospheric heavy pollution events based on spatiotemporal data mining

1.
Institute of Environmental Information, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport
3.
Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center

摘要

摘要:
为掌握区域性空气污染传输扩散时空规律，支撑大气污染区域联防联控及应急管控，基于空气质量地面观测数据和时空数据挖掘算法，识别重污染气团的区域传输路径和传输强度，以2021年春季和冬季期间京津冀地区的PM_2.5重污染过程为例进行验证。结果表明：研究时段内京津冀地区共发生17次区域重污染，长（>48 h）、中长（24~48 h）、短（<24 h）时间的污染过程分别为3、7和7次，长时间污染过程均发生在春季，污染强度较高，污染范围和传输范围覆盖整个区域；中长和短时间污染过程春、冬季均有发生，污染强度较低，前者影响范围(>80%)高于后者（<63%）；中长时间污染过程的传输范围存在季节性差异。京津冀各城市的重污染过程污染传输强度系数普遍符合本地(0.32~1.00)>城市内(0.01~0.95)>城市间(0.00~0.28)的规律，其中，邢台市的城市间传输强度大于城市内传输，衡水市对周边城市的影响则低于平均水平。
- 空气质量 /
- 重污染过程 /
- 传输扩散 /
- 时空数据挖掘 /
- 京津冀地区
Abstract:
In order to explore the spatiotemporal pattern of regional air pollution transmission and diffusion and to support the regional joint prevention and emergency control of atmospheric environment pollution, a new spatiotemporal data mining approach was proposed based on air-quality ground observation data. The algorithms were built to identify the regional transmission paths and intensity of heavily polluted air masses. The case study on PM_2.5 heavy pollution events in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during January-March and October-December, 2021 was conducted to verify the algorithms. The results showed that there were 17 regional heavy pollution events during this period in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. There were 3, 7, and 7 long (>48 h), medium-long (24-48 h), and short (<24 h) pollution events, respectively. All long pollution events occurred in spring. Their pollution intensity was the highest among the three event types, and the polluted area and pollution transmission area covered the entire study area. The medium-long and short pollution events occurred in spring and winter. Their pollution intensity was lower than that of long events. Medium-long events' polluted area coverage (>80%) was higher than that of short events (<63%). There were seasonal differences in the area covered by pollution transmission for medium-long pollution events. In terms of the transportation intensity coefficient of heavy pollution transmission in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region generally conformed to the law that local pollution intensity coefficient (0.32-1.00) was the highest, followed by intra-city pollution transmission (0.01-0.95), and inter-city pollution (0.00-0.28). Among them, the inter-city transmission intensity of Xingtai was greater than its intra-city transmission, and the impact of Hengshui on surrounding cities was lower than the average level.
- atmospheric environment /
- heavy pollution events /
- transmission and diffusion /
- spatiotemporal data mining /
- Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

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图 1 研究思路流程

Figure 1. Research workflow

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图 2 研究区内监测站和空间样点的分布格局

Figure 2. Spatial pattern of observation stations and spatial sampling points in the study area

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图 3 多级污染传输路径示意

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of multi-level pollution transmission paths

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图 4 典型重污染过程传输路径空间格局

Figure 4. Spatial pattern of transmission paths in typical heavy pollution events

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图 5 典型重污染过程中各城市的平均污染传输强度系数及污染物浓度

Figure 5. Aaverage pollution transmission intensity coefficient and pollutant concentration of each city in typical heavy pollution events

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表 1 重污染过程基本特征

Table 1. Characteristics of heavy pollution process

序号	开始时间	结束时间	持续时长/h	时长分类	污染样点数/个	PM_2.5浓度均值/ （μg/m³）	本地污染强度系数	污染传输强度系数
序号	开始时间	结束时间	持续时长/h	时长分类	污染样点数/个	PM_2.5浓度均值/ （μg/m³）	本地污染强度系数	城市内	城市间
P1	01-01 00:00	01-04 13:00	85	长时间	80	280.67	0.57	0.32	0.14
P2	02-10 21:00	02-14 17:00	92	长时间	159	148.98	0.76	0.18	0.11
P3	02-26 01:00	02-28 23:00	70	长时间	97	184.81	0.74	0.22	0.10
P4	01-21 19:00	01-23 10:00	39	中长时间	127	112.86	0.82	0.14	0.16
P5	01-24 19:00	01-26 14:00	43	中长时间	141	132.96	0.75	0.12	0.11
P6	03-04 09:00	03-05 16:00	31	中长时间	134	88.50	0.92
P7	03-09 05:00	03-10 15:00	34	中长时间	140	94.38	0.83	0.14	0.07
P8	10-29 18:00	10-31 12:00	42	中长时间	133	109.49	0.84	0.19	0.14
P9	11-05 09:00	11-06 20:00	35	中长时间	154	124.29	0.81	0.14	0.10
P10	11-17 21:00	11-19 08:00	35	中长时间	150	106.53	0.75	0.11	0.10
P11	01-23 22:00	01-24 14:00	16	短时间	51	106.15
P12	01-26 22:00	01-27 21:00	23	短时间	92	96.04
P13	03-14 00:00	03-14 13:00	13	短时间	102	74.70
P14	03-15 07:00	03-16 06:00	23	短时间	160	111.44
P15	10-25 18:00	10-26 11:00	17	短时间	77	112.10
P16	11-04 14:00	11-05 06:00	16	短时间	71	101.78
P17	11-28 18:00	11-29 15:00	21	短时间	96	84.69

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