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黑龙江省生态足迹时空演变与生态可持续分析

李蕴峰 陈卓 雷海亮 刘畅 卢昱润

李蕴峰,陈卓,雷海亮,等.黑龙江省生态足迹时空演变与生态可持续分析[J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(3):1194-1203 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220797
引用本文: 李蕴峰,陈卓,雷海亮,等.黑龙江省生态足迹时空演变与生态可持续分析[J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(3):1194-1203 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220797
LI Y F,CHEN Z,LEI H L,et al.Spatial-temporal evolution and ecological sustainability analysis of ecological footprint in Heilongjiang Province[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(3):1194-1203 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220797
Citation: LI Y F,CHEN Z,LEI H L,et al.Spatial-temporal evolution and ecological sustainability analysis of ecological footprint in Heilongjiang Province[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(3):1194-1203 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220797

黑龙江省生态足迹时空演变与生态可持续分析

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220797
基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目(DD20211584)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李蕴峰(1993—),男,工程师,硕士,主要从事地理信息系统应用模型评价研究,liyunfeng9319@126.com

  • 中图分类号: X826

Spatial-temporal evolution and ecological sustainability analysis of ecological footprint in Heilongjiang Province

  • 摘要:

    为分析黑龙江省生态可持续性状态,基于植被净初级生产力(NPP)构建了均衡因子和产量因子,采用改进的生态足迹模型,核算黑龙江省2000—2020年生态足迹、生态承载力,揭示生态足迹空间格局变化特征。结果表明:黑龙江省均衡因子为林地>草地>耕地>水域;产量因子为水域>草地>林地>耕地。黑龙江省21年间人均生态足迹增速远大于人均生态承载力,致使人均生态赤字状况日益严重;但考虑到国内贸易后,人均生态足迹呈现先增加后平稳状态,仅在2005—2010年为生态赤字状态,2010年后处于生态平衡状态;在空间上呈现明显的空间异质性。黑龙江省一直处于轻度消耗资产存量发展状态;耕地、草地资本流量无法满足社会需求;化石燃料生态足迹深度增长迅速,且表现为高生态赤字。黑龙江省总体呈现区域发展稍不安全、弱可持续发展状态;草地长期处于强不可持续状态。近年来黑龙江省生态环境状况得到有效改善,但土地资源利用不均的问题突出,应引起关注。

     

  • 图  1  黑龙江省自然资本利用变化趋势

    Figure  1.  Changing trend of natural capital utilization in Heilongjiang Province

    图  2  黑龙江省人均生态足迹深度、广度以及三维生态足迹变化趋势

    Figure  2.  Depth and breadth of footprint per capita in Heilongjiang Province and changing trend of 3D ecological footprint

    图  3  黑龙江省可持续发展指标变化趋势

    Figure  3.  Changing trend of sustainable development indicators in Heilongjiang Province

    图  4  黑龙江省生态盈余/赤字空间格局变化

    Figure  4.  Changes of the spatial pattern of ecological surplus/deficit in Heilongjiang Province

    表  1  生态足迹模型选用的生态账户数据

    Table  1.   Ecological account data selected by the Ecological Footprint Model

    账户类型消费项目土地类型
    生物资源水稻、小麦、玉米、谷子、高粱、豆类、薯类、麻类、甜菜、烟叶、蔬菜菌类、
    猪肉、禽肉、禽蛋
    耕地
    瓜果、木材林地
    牛肉、羊肉草地
    水产品水域
    能源消费煤炭、煤油、焦炭、原油、
    汽油、柴油、燃料油
    化石燃料用地
    水电建设用地
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  基于国家公顷的黑龙江省均衡因子与产量因子

    Table  2.   Equivalent factor and yield factor of Heilongjiang Province based on national hectares

    年份项目土地类型
    耕地林地草地水域
    2000NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕341.756471.221371.299324.945
    均衡因子0.8461.1670.9190.805
    产量因子0.4610.7871.9662.192
    2005NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕347.941492.312392.939334.225
    均衡因子0.8321.1770.9390.799
    产量因子0.4690.8222.0802.255
    2010NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕354.377500.707408.350323.816
    均衡因子0.8321.1750.9580.760
    产量因子0.4780.8362.1622.185
    2013NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕347.415499.499397.148324.560
    均衡因子0.8301.1820.9490.776
    产量因子0.4690.8262.1032.190
    2015NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕335.890506.331413.170330.721
    均衡因子0.7821.1780.9610.770
    产量因子0.4530.8452.1872.231
    2018NPP〔g/(m2·a)〕356.145512.058403.582325.565
    均衡因子0.8291.1920.9690.758
    产量因子0.4800.8552.1372.196
    2020NPP/〔g/(m2·a)〕356.027512.062403.271332.691
    均衡因子0.8281.1920.9380.774
    产量因子0.4800.8552.1352.244
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  黑龙江省2000—2020年人均生态足迹

    Table  3.   Ecological footprint per capita of Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2020 hm2/人 

    年份 生态足迹耕地林地草地水域化石能源建设用地合计
    2000生态足迹0.190 760.016 860.299 620.009 390.710 260.000 031.226 93
    调整后足迹0.247 190.021 850.388 240.012 170.710 260.000 031.379 74
    生态承载力0.151 380.460 540.139 090.062 671.125 140.000 031.938 85
    2005生态足迹0.249 920.545 550.588 790.008 341.002 150.000 032.394 78
    调整后足迹0.237 480.518 390.559 480.007 921.002 150.000 032.325 45
    生态承载力0.151 940.482 910.150 730.062 811.199 210.000 032.047 63
    2010生态足迹0.292 720.381 320.432 270.005 381.417 510.000 052.529 25
    调整后足迹0.274 570.357 670.405 460.005 041.417 510.000 052.460 29
    生态承载力0.154 760.487 870.159 980.058 241.245 330.000 052.106 22
    2013生态足迹0.327 960.148 990.456 130.006 571.509 020.000 072.448 73
    调整后足迹0.228 450.103 780.317 730.004 571.509 020.000 072.163 63
    生态承载力0.158 240.497 590.162 940.040 511.247 050.000 072.106 40
    2015生态足迹0.342 130.128 430.489 290.006 941.664 420.000 032.631 24
    调整后足迹0.219 660.082 460.314 140.004 451.664 420.000 032.285 17
    生态承载力0.151 590.534 980.174 370.064 801.366 190.000 032.291 97
    2018生态足迹0.383 410.051 800.490 140.007 871.613 220.000 062.546 49
    调整后足迹0.189 960.025 660.242 840.003 901.613 220.000 062.075 65
    生态承载力0.192 080.540 100.122 250.047 461.307 740.000 062.209 69
    2020生态足迹0.413 810.080 740.550 510.008 891.773 870.000 072.827 89
    调整后足迹0.203 200.039 640.270 320.004 361.773 870.000 072.291 48
    生态承载力0.199 930.566 540.128 330.058 391.370 530.000 072.323 79
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-10
  • 录用日期:  2022-11-08
  • 修回日期:  2022-09-23

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