Study on the mitigation effect of submerged vegetation on greenhouse gases emission from rivers
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摘要:
为揭示沉水植物生态修复在减缓河流温室气体释放方面的作用，在浙江省嘉善县选择盛家湾（有沉水植物）和东龙港（无沉水植物）2条河流，利用扩散模型法对其水体CO2、CH4、N2O释放通量进行24 h连续监测，并进行对比分析。结果表明：2条河流除盛家湾水体在16:00表现为CO2吸收外，其余监测时间内3种气体均呈过饱和状态，表现为向大气释放温室气体，24 h内比较，有沉水植物的盛家湾可减少89%的温室气体释放。将气体释放通量与环境因子进行相关性分析发现，盛家湾水体CO2释放通量与水温、pH、溶解氧浓度呈显著负相关，与氧化还原电位呈显著正相关，N2O释放通量与水温、pH、溶解氧浓度呈显著正相关，与氧化还原电位呈显著负相关；东龙港水体CO2释放通量与水温呈显著正相关，CH4释放通量与水温、溶解氧浓度呈显著正相关，N2O释放通量与水温呈显著正相关。
Abstract:In order to reveal the role of ecological restoration of submerged plants in slowing down the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from rivers, the two rivers of Shengjiawan (with submerged plants growing) and Donglonggang (without submerged plants growing) were selected in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, and the fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O were continuously monitored for 24 hours by the diffusion models. The results showed that except for the CO2 absorption occurrence in Shengjiawan at 16:00, the three gases were supersaturated during the rest of the monitoring time, showing the release of GHGs to the atmosphere. In comparison, within 24 hours, the release of GHGs from Shengjiawan with submerged plants could be reduced by 89%. Based on the correlation analysis between gas release flux and environmental factors, it was found that in Shengjiawan, CO2 emission flux was significantly negatively correlated with water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration, and positively correlated with redox potential. N2O emission flux was positively correlated with water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration, and negatively correlated with redox potential. In Donglonggang, there was a significant positive correlation between CO2 release flux and water temperature, a significant positive correlation between CH4 release flux and water temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration, and a significant positive correlation between N2O emission flux and water temperature.
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Key words:
- submerged plants /
- greenhouse gases /
- diffusive models /
- release flux /
- influencing factors
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图 1 盛家湾、东龙港位置分布及现状
Figure 1. Location distribution and status quo of Shengjiawan and Donglonggang
图 2 盛家湾、东龙港水体CO2、CH4、N2O溶存浓度及饱和度
Figure 2. Dissolved concentration and saturation of CO2, CH4 and N2O in Shengjiawan and Donglonggang
图 3 盛家湾、东龙港CO2、CH4、N2O释放通量
Figure 3. Fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O from Shengjiawan and Donglonggang
表 1 盛家湾与东龙港CO2当量通量对比
Table 1. Comparison of CO2 equivalent fluxes between Shengjiawan and Donglonggang
时段 CO2当量通量/〔mg/(m2·d)〕 CO2当量
通量降低率/%盛家湾 东龙港 12:00—次日10:00
（全天）4 930.50 43 056.70 89 12:00—18:00，次日
06:00—10:00（白天）3 022.68 27 064.92 89 20:00—次日04:00（夜晚） 1 907.80 15 991.78 88 
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表 2 国内部分河流水体CO2、CH4、N2O释放通量对比
Table 2. Comparison of CO2, CH4 and N2O emission fluxes from some rivers in China
省（市） 河流 释放通量 数据
来源CO2/
〔mg/(m2·h)〕CH4/
〔μg/(m2·h)〕N2O/
〔μg/(m2·h)〕浙江 盛家湾 47.41 569.67 30.38 本研究 东龙港 468.31 138.02 156.17 本研究 南苕溪 19.33 文献[23] 江苏 金川河 23.17 文献[24] 团结河 19.20 清江 12.48 文献[25] 汉江 6.65 龙川江 309.5 文献[26] 竹溪河 150.9 上海 南港 125.88 183.96 12.88 文献[27] 淀浦河 99.12 180.84 53.48 长泾 147.84 182.00 大寨河 163.56 182.28 张家河 131.88 197.64 施贤港 131.88 573.12 航塘港 203.28 吴淞江 106.08 天津 海河 10.39（冬季）；
39.38（夏季）66.48（冬季）；
335.88（夏季）27.04（冬季）；
15.64（夏季）文献[28] 北京 温榆河 93.49（夏季） 12 817.5 文献[29]
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表 3 环境因子与CO2、CH4、N2O释放通量的相关性分析
Table 3. Correlation analysis between environmental factors and CO2, CH4, N2O emission fluxes
环境因子 CO2释放通量 CH4释放通量 N2O释放通量 盛家湾 东龙港 盛家湾 东龙港 盛家湾 东龙港 水温 −0.825** 0.663* 0.371 0.681* 0.909** 0.702* 溶解氧浓度 −0.965** 0.340 −0.014 0.701* 0.923** 0.382 pH −0.895** 0.445 0.112 0.525 0.895** 0.494 氧化还原电位 0.897** −0.049 −0.088 0.014 −0.802** −0.559 NO3 −-N浓度 0.116 −0.841** −0.007 −0.266 −0.190 0.046 NH4 +-N浓度 0.160 −0.039 −0.305 −0.219 −0.492 −0.342 NO2 −-N浓度 0.431 −0.441 −0.278 0.181 −0.701* 0.555 DOC浓度 −0.182 −0.049 −0.049 0.231 0.067 0.021 注：*表示P<0.05；**表示P<0.01。
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