基于生态系统服务价值的成德绵城市带生态安全格局研究

邓莹佳; 侯兰功; 刘涛; 王晶

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221057

基于生态系统服务价值的成德绵城市带生态安全格局研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221057

邓莹佳^1,,
侯兰功^1, ,,
刘涛²,
王晶¹

1.
西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院
2.
地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 地球系统科学系, 清华大学

基金项目: 浙江省科技厅软科学课题（2018C35063）；2019年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题重点课题（19NDJC003Z）

详细信息

作者简介:
邓莹佳（1998—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事区域发展与规划研究，492377500@qq.com

通讯作者:
侯兰功(1979—)，男，副教授，博士，主要从事区域发展与规划研究，soundskyhlg@163.com

中图分类号: X171.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-25
- 录用日期: 2023-04-21
- 修回日期: 2023-03-23
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-15

Research of ecological security patterns based on ecosystem services value in Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang city belt

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology
2.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University

摘要

摘要:
定量研究与分析成都-德阳-绵阳城市带（成德绵城市带）生态系统服务价值（ESV）变化及其生态安全格局，对区域协同筑牢生态安全屏障，加强生态系统保护，推动国土空间生态修复规划，推进生态文明建设具有重要意义。通过ESV当量法分析2010—2018 年成德绵城市带ESV的时空变化；提取区域内99%、95%、90%置信水平ESV热点区域，识别生态保护核心“源”地；采用最小累积阻力模型，选用高程、土地利用等8 项重要阻力因子得到阻力面，构建区域生态廊道，识别城市带生态安全格局，对跨行政区生态网络空间布局提出优化建议。结果显示：2010—2018 年，研究区ESV总量从1 372.91 亿元升至1 519.93 亿元，其中原材料、气体调节、气候调节、废物处理、土壤形成与保护、生物多样性保护的EVS增长速率高于10%。研究区生态安全水平呈现西北高东南低的空间分布特征，其中高安全及次高安全区面积占比为49.8%，集中在西北部、中南部等区域；中安全及低安全区面积占比为50.2%，主要集中在南部建设用地较多的低海拔城镇地区。识别生态“源”地24 处，占研究区总面积的27.3%，且呈带状分布；生态廊道53 条，生态节点41 个，整体呈现多中心环状，网络连通水平较好。基于研究结果，构建了西北密东南疏的“两轴、三带、四节点”生态网络空间结构。
- 生态系统服务价值 /
- 生态安全格局 /
- 生态廊道 /
- 成德绵城市带
Abstract:
Quantitative research and analysis of the ecosystem services value (ESV) change and ecological security pattern in Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang (CDM) city belt are crucial for cross-administrative coordination to build an ecological security barrier, strengthen ecosystem protection, advance the ecological restoration planning, and promote the construction of ecological civilization. The spatial and temporal variations of ESV in CDM city belt from 2010 to 2018 were analyzed using ESV equivalence method. Then, 99%, 95% and 90% confidence level ESV hotspots in the region were extracted and the core "source" ecological protection areas were identified. Eight important resistance factors such as elevation and land use were selected to obtain the resistance surface, and the minimal cumulative resistance model was used to construct the regional ecological corridors and identify the ecological security patterns in urban belts. The optimization suggestions of the spatial layout of ecological networks across administrations were proposed. The results showed that from 2010 to 2018, the total value of ecosystem services in the study area increased from 137.291 billion to 151.993 billion, with growth rates above 10 percent for raw materials, gas regulation, climate regulation, waste disposal, soil formation and conservation, and biodiversity conservation. The ecological safety level of the study area showed a spatial distribution characterized by a high level in the northwest and a low level in the southeast, 49.8% of which were with the highest and second-highest safety levels and concentrated in the northwest, south-central and other regions. The medium- and low-security zones accounted for 50.2 percent of the total, mainly concentrated in low-altitude urban areas such as construction sites in the south. 24 ecological "source" sites were identified, accounting for 27.3% of the total area of the study area, and were distributed in a zonal pattern; fifty-three ecological corridors and forty-one ecological nodes were identified, showing an overall polycentric ring shape and an excellent overall level of network connectivity. Based on the research results, the spatial structure of the ecological network of "two axes, three belts and four nodes" was constructed in the northwest (dense) and southeast (sparse), which provided references and suggestions for regional ecological security.
- ecosystem service value /
- ecological security pattern /
- ecological corridor /
- Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang city belt

HTML全文

图 1 成德绵城市带行政区划和土地利用现状

Figure 1. Location and land use/cover of Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang city belt

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图 2 2010 年、2015 年、2018 年单项生态系统服务价值量对比

Figure 2. Comparison of individual ecosystem service value in 2010, 2015 and 2018

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图 3 2010—2018 年单项生态系统服务价值变化率及变化量

Figure 3. Change rate and amount of individual ecosystem service value from 2010 to 2018

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图 4 生态系统服务价值冷热点分析结果及生态“源”地选取结果

Figure 4. Results of cold and hot spot analysis of ecosystem service value and ecological “source” selection

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图 5 2018年生态阻力要素评价结果

Figure 5. Evaluation results of ecological resistance factors in 2018

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图 6 成德绵城市带生态安全格局

Figure 6. Ecological security pattern of Chengdu-Deyang-Mianyang city belt

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2018 年不同土地利用类型单位面积生态服务价值

Table 1. Ecological service value per unit area of different land use types in 2018 元/hm²　

土地利用类型	对应生态系统类型	生态系统服务类型
土地利用类型	对应生态系统类型	食物生产	原材料	气体调节	气候调节	水文调节	废物处理	土壤形成与保护	生物多样性保护	娱乐文化
林地	森林	923.07	8 335.56	12 083.77	11 384.48	11 440.42	4 811.13	11 244.62	12 615.23	5 818.11
草地	草地	1 202.78	1 006.98	4 195.75	4 363.58	4 251.70	3 692.26	6 265.66	5 230.71	2 433.54
耕地	农田	2 797.17	1 090.90	2 013.96	2 713.25	2 153.82	1 090.90	4 111.84	2 853.11	475.52
沼泽	湿地	1 006.98	671.32	6 741.18	37 901.64	37 593.95	40 279.23	5 566.37	10 321.55	13 873.96
水域	水体	1 482.50	979.01	1 426.56	5 762.17	52 502.86	41 537.96	1 146.84	9 594.29	12 419.43
未利用地	裸地	55.94	111.89	167.83	363.63	195.80	727.26	475.52	1 118.87	671.32

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表 2 生态阻力因子系数及权重

Table 2. Ecological resistance factor coefficient and weight

阻力因子	阻力系数						权重
阻力因子	1	10	20	40	70	100	权重
高程/m	275~779	779~1 292	1 292~1 841	1 841~2 496	2 496~3 266	3 266~5 363	0.073
坡度/（°）	0~6.31	6.31~15.06	15.06~24.17	24.17~33.28	33.28~43.79	43.79~89.33	0.050
地形起伏度/m	0~14	14~33	33~56	56~90	90~1 356	1 356~4 982	0.034
距水体的距离/km	0~2	2~5	5~10	10~15	15~20	>20	0.227
距道路的距离/km	<20	10~20	5~10	2~5	1~2	0~1	0.024
NDVI	0.52~0.70	0.45~0.52	0.38~0.45	0.30~0.38	0.20~0.30	0~0.20	0.157
土壤侵蚀度	11、21、31	12、22、32	13、23、33	14、24、34	15、25	16、26	0.108
土地利用类型	林地	水域/湿地	草地	耕地	未利用地	建设用地	0.327

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表 3 敏感性指数计算结果

Table 3. Sensitivity index calculation results

年份	林地	草地	耕地	湿地	水域	未利用地
2010	0.6031	0.0846	0.2689	0.0067	0.0422	0.0003
2015	0.6056	0.0850	0.2660	0.0068	0.0431	0.0003
2018	0.6062	0.0853	0.2631	0.0066	0.0451	0.0003

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表 4 生态网络完整度评价

Table 4. Evaluation of ecological network integrity

生态安全格局类别	生态廊道数量/条	生态节点数量/个	网络闭合度（$ \alpha $）	节点连接率（$ \beta $）	节点连接度（$ \gamma $）
低	25	13	0.62	1.92	0.76
中	31	28	0.08	1.11	0.40
高	53	41	0.17	1.29	0.45

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