稻秸秆添加强化沉水植物湿地对农田径流中不同形态氮的去除效果

蔡敏; 崔娜欣; 张旭; 陈桂发; 周丽; 邹国燕

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230043

稻秸秆添加强化沉水植物湿地对农田径流中不同形态氮的去除效果

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230043

蔡敏^{1, 2,},
崔娜欣^{1, 2, ,},
张旭^{1, 2},
陈桂发^{1, 2},
周丽^{1, 2},
邹国燕^{1, 2}

1.
上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所
2.
上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心

基金项目: 上海市2021 年度“科技创新行动计划”长三角科技创新共同体领域项目(21002410400)；国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201503-02)；上海市2022年度“科技创新行动计划”国内科技合作项目申报指南/协同创新示范推广项目(22015821200)；生态所启航计划科技项目(生科创-QB 2023-4)；长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0304)

详细信息

作者简介:
蔡敏（1991—），男，助理研究员，主要从事水环境治理研究，caiminjay@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
崔娜欣（1978—），女，副研究员，主要从事水环境治理研究，86176241@qq.com

中图分类号: X71；X52
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-16

Removal efficiency of different forms of nitrogen from farmland runoff by adding rice straw in submerged plant wetland

CAI Min^{1, 2
,},
CUI Naxin^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Xu^{1, 2},
CHEN Guifa^{1, 2},
ZHOU Li^{1, 2},
ZOU Guoyan^{1, 2}

1.
Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science
2.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Agriculture

摘要

摘要:
为提升稻田周边湿地对农田径流中不同形态氮的净化效率，有效拦截农田面源污染导致的氮磷流失，采用农业废物稻秸秆为有机碳源与沉水植物组合构建强化湿地系统，共设置不种植苦草且不添加稻秸秆（NS）、只种植苦草（VN）、只添加稻秸秆（SS）和种植苦草并添加稻秸秆（VS）4个处理，研究强化湿地对不同形态氮农田径流的净化效果与机制。结果表明：1）在处理以氨氮（NH₄ ⁺-N）为主要氮形态的农田径流时，VN和VS对废水中TN和NH₄ ⁺-N的去除率显著高于其他处理（P<0.05），表明种植苦草是提升湿地对NH₄ ⁺-N农田径流净化效果的主要因素；2）处理以硝态氮（NO₃ ⁻-N）为主要氮形态的农田径流时，SS和VS对废水中TN和NO₃ ⁻-N的去除率显著高于其他处理（P<0.05），表明添加稻秸秆显著提升了湿地对NO₃ ⁻-N农田径流的净化效果。3）湿地中只种植苦草时对NO₃ ⁻-N去除效果不佳，只添加稻秸秆时对NH₄ ⁺-N去除效果较差，种植苦草并添加稻秸秆对2种形态氮均有较好的去除效果，同时二者对磷的去除效果与只种植苦草的湿地无显著差异。因此，稻秸秆添加强化沉水植物湿地在拦截净化农田面源污染中具有推广应用的潜力。
- 农业径流 /
- 不同形态氮 /
- 人工湿地 /
- 苦草 /
- 稻秸秆 /
- 净化效果
Abstract:
In order to improve the purification efficiency of different forms of nitrogen in farmland runoff by constructed wetlands (CWs) around the paddy field, and effectively intercept nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff loss caused by non-point source pollution in farmland, agricultural waste rice straw was used as organic carbon source to enhance the purification capability of CWs planted with submerged plant Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara. Four kinds of CWs were set up: without submerged plant (NS), only planted with V. natans (VN), only added with rice straw (SS) and with V. natans planted and rice straw added (VS). The purification performance and mechanism of CWs were studied when treating farmland tail water with ammonia nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺-N) or nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ⁻-N) as the main N components. The results showed that the purification efficiencies of TN and NH₄ ⁺-N in VN and VS were significantly higher than those of NS and SS (P<0.05) in the treatment of farmland tail water with NH₄ ⁺-N as the main nitrogen form, which indicated that planting V. natans played a crucial role in the removal of NH₄ ⁺-N. The average removal rates of TN and NO₃ ⁻-N by SS and VS were significantly higher than those of NS and VN CWs (P<0.05) in the treatment of farmland tail water with NO₃ ⁻-N as the main nitrogen form, suggesting that the addition of rice straw significantly improved the reduction of NO₃ ⁻-N. CWs only planted with V. natans had poor removal efficiency on NO₃ ⁻-N. While the removal of NH₄ ⁺-N was limited in CWs only added with rice straw. VS showed excellent purification performances on the removal of two forms of N. At the same time, VS showed similar TP removal efficiency to VN. The above results suggested that it was a feasible way to apply this kind of CWs to control agricultural non-point source pollution.
- agricultural runoff /
- different forms of nitrogen /
- constructed wetland /
- Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara /
- rice straw /
- removal efficiency

HTML全文

图 1 4种小型湿地系统示意

Figure 1. Diagram of 4 small wetland systems

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 处理NH₄ ⁺-N废水时各湿地水体理化指标变化（n=9）

Figure 2. Variation of physicochemical indexes of water in each wetland during treating ammonia-nitrogen wastewater (n=9)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 处理NH₄ ⁺-N废水时各湿地水体氮磷浓度和COD变化（n=9）

Figure 3. Variation of nitrogen, phosphorus concentrations and COD of water in each wetland during treating ammonia-nitrogen wastewater (n=9)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 处理NH₄ ⁺-N废水时各湿地对氮磷的净化效果(n=9)

注：图中字母不同表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 4. Nitrogen and phosphorus purification efficiency in each wetland during treating ammonia-nitrogen wastewater (n=9)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 处理NO₃ ⁻-N废水时各湿地水体理化指标变化（n=9）

Figure 5. Variation of physicochemical indexes of water in each wetland during treating nitrate-nitrogen wastewater (n=9)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 处理NO₃ ⁻-N废水时各湿地氮磷浓度和COD变化（n=9）

Figure 6. Variation of nitrogen, phosphorus and COD concentrations of water in each wetland during treating nitrate-nitrogen wastewater (n=9)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 处理NO₃ ⁻-N废水时各湿地对氮磷的净化效果

注：同图4。

Figure 7. Nitrogen and phosphorus purification efficiency in each wetland during treating nitrate-nitrogen wastewater

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 湿地2种模拟废水进水水质特征

Table 1. Water quality characteristics of two simulated wastewater influent in wetland

进水类型	TN浓度/（mg/L）	TP浓度/（mg/L）	COD/（mg/L）	NO₃ ⁻-N浓度/（mg/L）	NH₄ ⁺-N浓度/（mg/L）	pH	DO浓度/（mg/L）	水温/°C
NO₃ ⁻-N废水	12.2±1.0	0.4±0.3	39.1±3.1	8.4±0.5	2.6±0.4	8.4±0.5	5.5±0.3	31.4±2.3
NH₄ ⁺-N废水	14.3±0.8	0.6±0.1	41.6±4.0	2.9±1.5	10.2±2.4	7.9±0.2	5.3±1.6	33.7±0.7

下载: 导出CSV

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