焦化污染场地土壤多环芳烃的生物强化协同降解工艺研究

赵立坤; 包仕钰; 郭涛; 程熠晴; 郑焰; 余晓龙; 刘渊文; 杨乐巍; 刘鹏; 毛旭辉

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230164

焦化污染场地土壤多环芳烃的生物强化协同降解工艺研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230164

赵立坤^1,,
包仕钰¹,
郭涛²,
程熠晴²,
郑焰³,
余晓龙³,
刘渊文⁴,
杨乐巍⁴,
刘鹏⁴,
毛旭辉^1, ,

1.
武汉大学资源与环境科学学院
2.
天津壹鸣环境污染治理有限公司
3.
南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院
4.
北京建工环境修复股份有限公司

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFC1807902）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵立坤(1995—)，男，博士，主要从事土壤微生物修复研究，2295828279@qq.com

通讯作者:
毛旭辉(1976—)，男，教授，博士，主要从事水土环境修复研究，clab@whu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X53
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-27
- 录用日期: 2023-06-12
- 修回日期: 2023-04-12

Study on the collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil from a coking plant site

1.
School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University
2.
Tianjin Yiming Environmental Pollution Control Co., Ltd.
3.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology
4.
BCEG Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
以某废弃焦化厂的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染土壤为研究对象，通过耦合表活淋洗、生物降解、化学氧化等技术设计了4种修复工艺，并进行了试验验证。结果表明：针对该实际焦化污染土壤，单一的生物泥浆降解工艺21 d后PAHs可实现58.64%的降解率；采用表活增溶＋化学氧化＋生物泥浆的降解工艺，26 d降解率可达到65.68%，但前置的化学氧化会抑制生物降解效果；采用干筛分+表活分批淋洗+化学氧化的降解工艺降解率可达到85.36%，有效缩短降解时间到13 d内，但土壤中残留的PAHs与土壤颗粒结合紧密，化学氧化降解率仍难以满足大于90%的要求；采用湿筛分+表活分批淋洗+生物泥浆+化学氧化的生物强化协同降解工艺，29 d降解率可达到95.32%，实现了土壤的修复目标。生物强化协同降解工艺路线，综合了多种修复技术的优点，实现了修复技术组合优化，为焦化污染土壤中多环芳烃降解修复提供了可行的工艺路径。
- 焦化土壤 /
- 多环芳烃（PAHs） /
- 表活淋洗 /
- 化学氧化 /
- 生物降解 /
- 降解工艺
Abstract:
Four remediation processes were designed and experimentally validated by coupling surfactants-washing, biodegradation, and chemical oxidation techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil from an abandoned coking plant. The results showed that a single soil-slurry bioreactor degradation process could achieve 58.64% PAHs degradation in 21 days for the actual coking-contaminated soil. The degradation process of surfactants-washing+chemical oxidation+soil-slurry bioreactors could achieve 65.68% degradation in 26 days, but the prepositive chemical oxidation would inhibit the biodegradation effect. The degradation process of dry-sieving+surfactants batch washing+chemical oxidation could achieve an 85.36% degradation effect, which could effectively shorten the degradation time to 13 days, but the residual PAHs in the soil were closely bound with soil particles, and the degradation effect of chemical oxidation was still difficult to meet the degradation efficiency of more than 90%. The collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation of wet-sieving+surfactants batch washing+soil-slurry bioreactors+chemical oxidation could achieve a 95.32% degradation effect in 29 days and achieved the target value of soil remediation. The collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation integrated the advantages of various remediation technologies and realized the optimization of the combination of remediation technologies, which provided a feasible process path for the remediation of PAHs in contaminated soil of coking industry.
- coking soil /
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) /
- surfactants-washing /
- chemical oxidation /
- biodegradation /
- degradation process

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图 1 4种试验工艺路线设计

Figure 1. Design of four experimental process routes

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图 2 生物泥浆反应器

Figure 2. Soil-slurry bioreactors

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图 3 工艺1生物降解效果

Figure 3. Biodegradation effects of Process 1

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图 4 工艺2生物降解效果

Figure 4. Biodegradation effects of Process 2

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图 5 工艺3淋洗效果

Figure 5. Washing effects of Process 3

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图 6 淋洗液中PAHs的生物水处理降解效果

Figure 6. Biodegradation effect of PAHs in washing fluid by biological water treatment

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图 7 工艺4的淋洗及生物降解效果

Figure 7. Washing and biodegradation effects of Process 4

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表 1 干筛分后各粒径污染土壤质量占比以及PAHs浓度占比

Table 1. Mass proportion and PAHs content proportion of contaminated soil with different particle sizes after dry-sieving

粒径划分/mm	土壤质量占比/%	PAHs浓度/ （mg/kg）	PAHs浓度占比/%
≤0.075	5.30±1.00	150.00±5.10	8.52±1.40
0.075~1.7	33.15±1.85	159.70±2.70	56.91±0.80
>1.7	61.55±2.85	52.15±2.15	34.57±2.20

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表 2 工艺3对污染土壤中PAHs的降解效果

Table 2. PAHs degradation effect of contaminated soil in Process 3

粒径划分	PAHs初始浓度/（mg/kg）	PAHs浓度占比%	淋洗后PAHs残留率%	化学氧化后PAHs残留率/%	总PAHs降解率/%
大粒径土（>1.7 mm）	52.15±2.15	34.57±2.20	11.68±2.18	4.03±0.22	95.97±0.22
小粒径土（≤1.7 mm）	158.41±2.88	65.43±2.20	28.94±3.70	20.24±0.10	79.76±0.10
实际污染土壤	93.03±5.46	100.00			85.36
注：大粒径土和小粒径土降解率数据为实测值，实际土壤的降解率数据为计算值（实际土壤的降解率=小粒径土的PAHs浓度占比×小粒径土PAHs总降解率＋大粒径土的PAHs浓度占比×大粒径土PAHs总降解率）。

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表 3 湿筛分后各粒径污染土壤质量占比以及PAHs浓度占比

Table 3. Mass proportion and PAHs content proportion of contaminated soil with different particle sizes after wet-sieving

粒径划分/mm	土壤质量占比/%	PAHs浓度/（mg/kg）	PAHs浓度占比/%
≤0.075	32.08±1.48	209.35±4.35	56.51±1.49
0.075~0.25	7.82±2.62	168.35±11.95	20.44±4.38
0.25~1.7	10.17±2.44	111.5±2.10	18.68±5.83
>1.7	49.94±1.67	5.45±0.45	4.37±0.04

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表 4 工艺4对污染土壤中PAHs的降解效果

Table 4. PAHs degradation effect of contaminated soil in Process 4

粒径划分	PAHs初始浓度/（mg/kg）	PAHs浓度占比/%	淋洗后PAHs 残留率/%	生物降解后PAHs 残留率/%	化学氧化后 PAHs残留率/%	总PAHs 降解率/%
大粒径土（>1.7mm）	5.45±0.45	4.37±0.04	10.90±6.51			89.10±6.51
小粒径土（≤1.7mm）	182.55±4.00	95.63±0.04	35.24±3.30	13.27±0.24	4.40±0.27	95.60±0.27
实际土壤	94.18±5.18	100.00				95.32
注：同表2。

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表 5 不同工艺PAHs降解效果对比

Table 5. Comparison of PAHs degradation effects in different processes

工艺	工艺名称	采用的土壤修复技术	修复时间/d	降解率/%
工艺1	生物泥浆	生物修复技术	21	58.64
工艺2	表活增溶+化学氧化+生物泥浆	化学氧化技术、生物修复技术	26	65.68
工艺3	干筛分+表活分批淋洗+化学氧化	土壤淋洗技术、化学氧化技术	13	85.36
工艺4	湿筛分+表活分批淋洗+生物泥浆+化学氧化	土壤淋洗技术、生物修复技术、化学氧化技术	29	95.32

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