焦化污染场地土壤多环芳烃的生物强化协同降解工艺研究

Study on the collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil from a coking plant site

  • 摘要: 以某废弃焦化厂的多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤为研究对象,通过耦合表活淋洗、生物降解、化学氧化等技术设计了4种修复工艺,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:针对该实际焦化污染土壤,单一的生物泥浆降解工艺21 d后PAHs可实现58.64%的降解率;采用表活增溶+化学氧化+生物泥浆的降解工艺,26 d降解率可达到65.68%,但前置的化学氧化会抑制生物降解效果;采用干筛分+表活分批淋洗+化学氧化的降解工艺降解率可达到85.36%,有效缩短降解时间到13 d内,但土壤中残留的PAHs与土壤颗粒结合紧密,化学氧化降解率仍难以满足大于90%的要求;采用湿筛分+表活分批淋洗+生物泥浆+化学氧化的生物强化协同降解工艺,29 d降解率可达到95.32%,实现了土壤的修复目标。生物强化协同降解工艺路线,综合了多种修复技术的优点,实现了修复技术组合优化,为焦化污染土壤中多环芳烃降解修复提供了可行的工艺路径。

     

    Abstract: Four remediation processes were designed and experimentally validated by coupling surfactants-washing, biodegradation, and chemical oxidation techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil from an abandoned coking plant. The results showed that a single soil-slurry bioreactor degradation process could achieve 58.64% PAHs degradation in 21 days for the actual coking-contaminated soil. The degradation process of surfactants-washing+chemical oxidation+soil-slurry bioreactors could achieve 65.68% degradation in 26 days, but the prepositive chemical oxidation would inhibit the biodegradation effect. The degradation process of dry-sieving+surfactants batch washing+chemical oxidation could achieve an 85.36% degradation effect, which could effectively shorten the degradation time to 13 days, but the residual PAHs in the soil were closely bound with soil particles, and the degradation effect of chemical oxidation was still difficult to meet the degradation efficiency of more than 90%. The collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation of wet-sieving+surfactants batch washing+soil-slurry bioreactors+chemical oxidation could achieve a 95.32% degradation effect in 29 days and achieved the target value of soil remediation. The collaborative degradation process based on bioaugmentation integrated the advantages of various remediation technologies and realized the optimization of the combination of remediation technologies, which provided a feasible process path for the remediation of PAHs in contaminated soil of coking industry.

     

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