土质对植被混凝土理化性质及植物生长的影响

刘大翔; 宋强兵; 龙丽珺; 杨悦舒; 丁瑜; 许文年

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230194

土质对植被混凝土理化性质及植物生长的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230194

刘大翔^{1, 2,},
宋强兵³,
龙丽珺³,
杨悦舒^{1, 2, ,},
丁瑜^{1, 2},
许文年^{1, 2}

1.
三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室，三峡大学
2.
水泥基生态修复技术湖北省工程研究中心，三峡大学
3.
防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室，三峡大学

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42207390，51708333）；湖北省教育厅科技项目（D20221203）；长江科学院开放基金项目（CK WV2019753/KY）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0504902-02）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘大翔（1987—），男，副教授，博士，主要从事边坡防护与生态恢复研究，liudaxiang004@163.com

通讯作者:
杨悦舒（1988—），男，讲师，博士，主要从事边坡生态修复工程评价与调控研究，michael_lewandowski@foxmail.com

中图分类号: X171.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-13
- 录用日期: 2023-07-04
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-17

Effect of soil quality on physical and chemical properties of vegetation concrete and plant growth

LIU Daxiang^{1, 2
,},
SONG Qiangbing³,
LONG Lijun³,
YANG Yueshu^{1, 2
, ,},
DING Yu^{1, 2},
XU Wennian^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University
2.
Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Slope Habitat Construction Technique Using Cement-based Materials, China Three Gorges University
3.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University

摘要

摘要:
植被混凝土在裸露边坡生态修复中广泛应用，因土质类型不同，使得基材强度、保水性等差异较大，影响植物生长。不同土质的本质是土颗粒级配差异，砂粒与粗颗粒构成骨架，细颗粒填充黏结。以室内养护与室外盆栽相结合，探究土质（粉土质砂、低液限粉土、低液限黏土）对植被混凝土理化性质及黑麦草生长的影响。结果表明：渗透系数与大孔径和总孔隙率呈正相关，也与水泥水化有关；饱和含水率与总孔隙率及毛细孔隙率呈正相关；水分蒸发率与毛细孔隙率和含水率呈负相关：黏聚力与级配情况和水泥胶结有关；内摩擦角与粗颗粒呈正相关，与磨圆度和水泥水化有关；硝态氮含量和硝态氮淋失率与毛细孔隙和基材紧实情况有关；铵态氮含量和铵态氮淋失率与毛细孔隙和黏粒含量有关。利用偏光显微镜从细观结构角度阐释不同土质影响植被混凝土宏观特征的原因，综合以上指标分析及实践经验，得出粉土质砂配制的植被混凝土更有利植物生长，各项指标均在可接受范围内。
- 土质类型 /
- 植被混凝土 /
- 物理力学性质 /
- 养分淋失 /
- 黑麦草 /
- 细观结构
Abstract:
Vegetation concrete is widely used in ecological restoration of exposed slopes at present. Different soil types have great differences in substrate strength and water retention, which affects plant growth. The essence of different soils is the difference of soil particle gradation, where sand particles form a skeleton with coarse particles, and fine particles are filled and bonded. Indoor maintenance and outdoor potted plants were combined to explore the effects of soil quality (silty sand, low liquid limit silty soil and low liquid limit clay) on the physical and chemical properties of vegetation concrete and the growth of ryegrass. The results showed that the permeability coefficient was positively correlated with large pore size and total porosity, and also related to cement hydration. Saturated water content was positively correlated with total porosity and capillary porosity. Water evaporation rate was negatively correlated with capillary porosity and water content, and cohesion was related to gradation and cement cementation. The internal friction angle was positively correlated with coarse particles, which was related to roundness and cement hydration. Nitrate content and nitrate leaching rate were related to capillary pores and substrate compactness. Ammonium nitrogen content and ammonium nitrogen leaching rate were related to capillary pores and clay content. The polarizing microscope was used to explain the reasons why different soil properties affected the macro-characteristics of vegetation concrete from the perspective of meso-structure. Based on the above index analysis and practical experience, it was concluded that vegetation concrete made of silty sand was more conducive to plant growth, and all the indexes were within the acceptable range.
- soil type /
- vegetation concrete /
- physical and mechanical properties /
- nutrient leaching /
- ryegrass /
- mesoscale structure

HTML全文

图 1 不同土质植被混凝土的饱和含水率和水分蒸发率

注：不同字母表示2组数据之间存在显著性差异。全文同。

Figure 1. Saturated moisture content and water evaporation rate of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同土质植被混凝土的黏聚力和内摩擦角

Figure 2. Cohesion and internal friction angle of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同土质植被混凝土的硝态氮和铵态氮含量

Figure 3. Contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同土质植被混凝土的硝态氮和铵态氮淋失率

Figure 4. Leaching rate of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同土质植被混凝土的偏光显微镜图

注：显微镜图为放大50倍。

Figure 5. Polarized microscope images of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同土质植被混凝土的二值化图

注：黑色代表颗粒，白色代表孔隙。

Figure 6. Binary map of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 植被混凝土各组分质量比

Table 1. Quality ratio of each component of vegetation concrete

种植土	水泥（P.O 42.5）	有机物料	生境基材改良剂
100	6	6	3

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同土质植被混凝土的基本特性

Table 2. Basic characteristics of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

参数	混凝土类型
参数	SMVC	MLVC	CLVC
干密度/（g/cm³）	1.74	1.52	1.61
pH	7.51	7.60	7.62
塑性指数（${I}_{{\rm{p}}}$）		3.00	9.00
速效氮含量/（mg/kg）	38.70	43.20	48.30

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同土质植被混凝土的渗透系数

Table 3. Permeability coefficient of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

混凝土类型	渗透系数$/$（10⁻³ cm/s)
SMVC	1.92±0.05a
MLVC	1.52±0.08b
CLVC	1.40±0.03b
注：不同小写字母表示达到5%显著性差异水平。

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 不同土质植被混凝土黑麦草的生长情况

Table 4. Growth of vegetation concrete ryegrass with different soil qualities

混凝土类型	发芽率/%	发芽势/%	株高/mm	地上生物量/g	地下生物量/g
SMVC	77.5±1.2a	37.5±2.5b	6.51±0.03a	0.40±0.03a	0.32±0.05a
MLVC	80.0±2.8a	46.7±2.2a	6.57±0.05a	0.43±0.04a	0.36±0.04a
CLVC	70.0±3.6b	30.8±1.4c	5.50±0.06b	0.38±0.03a	0.28±0.04a
注：同列不同小写字母表示达到5%显著性差异水平。

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 不同土质植被混凝土粗粒质状况

Table 5. Coarse-grained status of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

混凝土类型	平均直径/µm	周长/µm	面积/µm²	磨圆度
SMVC	23.26	53.18	120.35	0.53
MLVC	15.68	73.02	119.86	0.28
CLVC	10.87	67.35	118.75	0.32

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 不同土质植被混凝土的孔隙状况

Table 6. Porosity of vegetation concrete with different soil qualities

混凝土类型	平均孔径/µm	总孔隙占比/%	毛细孔隙占比/%
SMVC	10.91	42.86	25.52
MLVC	10.25	48.72	42.51
CLVC	8.54	51.03	48.56

下载: 导出CSV

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