利用生活垃圾焚烧飞灰制备膨胀胶凝材料的试验研究

张元馨; 王震; 卢前明; 刘龙宇; 穆月庭; 秦华林

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230405

利用生活垃圾焚烧飞灰制备膨胀胶凝材料的试验研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230405

1.
郑州职业技术学院
2.
新疆维吾尔自治区煤炭科学研究所
3.
河南工程学院资源与安全工程学院

基金项目: 河南省科技攻关项目（232102320113）；新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目（2022D01A116）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（22A560020）；新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（KY2023110）

详细信息

作者简介:
张元馨（1990—），女，讲师，硕士，研究方向为固体废物综合利用，524724592@qq.com

通讯作者:
王震（1988—），男，高级工程师，硕士，研究方向为矿山绿色开采，wangzhenyoung2023@163.com

中图分类号: X799.3
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- 文章访问数: 144
- HTML全文浏览量: 53
- PDF下载量: 41
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-24
- 录用日期: 2023-09-21
- 修回日期: 2023-09-07

Experimental research on the preparation of expansion cementitious materials using municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

1.
Zhengzhou Technical College
2.
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Coal Science Research Institute
3.
School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Henan University of Engineering

摘要

摘要:
为实现生活垃圾焚烧飞灰在建材领域的大规模资源化利用，研究了飞灰掺量、水灰比以及外加剂对飞灰-水泥膨胀胶凝体系性能的影响，并对水化产物进行微观分析。结果表明：随着垃圾焚烧飞灰掺量的增加，飞灰-水泥料浆扩展度减小，凝结时间延长，抗压强度持续降低，膨胀率呈先增大后减小的趋势，且当飞灰掺量为60%时取得最大值；随着水灰比的增大，料浆扩展度、凝结时间及膨胀率均增加，水灰比取0.37~0.40较为合理。飞灰中的Al和氮化铝（AlN）与水反应生成气体导致胶凝材料产生膨胀，NaOH增加了溶液碱性，促使生成更多的气泡，提高了胶凝材料的膨胀性能；CaCl₂促进了飞灰-水泥胶凝体系的水化反应，生成“云朵”状C—S（A）—H凝胶，凝胶微孔隙中填充簇状水化氯铝酸钙晶体，使得固化体结构更加密实，固化体抗压强度得以提高，同时极大地减小了重金属浸出及二噁英浓度。
- 生活垃圾 /
- 焚烧飞灰 /
- 膨胀胶凝材料 /
- 外加剂 /
- 微观分析 /
- 重金属
Abstract:
In order to realize large-scale resource utilization of municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration fly ash in the field of building materials, the effect of the addition ratio of fly ash, water-solid ratio and addition of admixtures on the performance of fly ash-cement expansion cementitious system was investigated, and the hydration products were analyzed microscopically. The results indicated that with the increasing content of MSW incineration fly ash, the dispersion degree of fly ash-cement slurry decreased, the setting time was prolonged, and the compressive strength decreased continuously. The expansion rate increased first and then decreased and reached maximum when the fly ash content was 60%. As the water-solid ratio of slurry increased, the dispersion degree, the setting time and the expansion rate of fly ash-cement slurry all increased, a more reasonable water-solid ratio between 0.37 and 0.40 should be considered. Al and aluminium nitride （AlN） in fly ash reacted with water to generate gas, leading to expansion of the cementitious material, NaOH increased the alkalinity of the solution, promoting the generation of more bubbles, and improved expansion of cementitious materials. CaCl₂ promoted the hydration reaction of the fly ash-cement cementitious system, leading to the formation of "cloud" shaped C—S（A）—H gel, the gel micropores were filled with clusters of hydrated calcium aluminate chloride crystals, making the structure of the solidified body more compact, the compressive strength of the solidified body was improved, and the leaching content of heavy metals and dioxine concentration decreased.
- municipal solid waste （MSW） /
- incineration fly ash /
- expansion cementitious materials /
- admixture /
- microscopic analysis /
- heavy metal

HTML全文

图 1 生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的XRD图谱

Figure 1. XRD diagram of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

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图 2 膨胀胶凝材料水化3和28 d龄期的XRD图谱

Figure 2. XRD diagram of hydration of expansion cementitious materials at 3 and 28 d ages

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图 3 膨胀胶凝材料水化产物的3 d 龄期FTIR图谱

Figure 3. FTIR diagram of hydration of expansion cementitious materials at 3 d ages

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图 4 膨胀胶凝材料的微观形貌及能谱分析

Figure 4. Microscopic morphology and energy spectrum analysis of expansion cementitious materials

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表 1 生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash %　

SiO₂	CaO	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	SO₃	MgO	P₂O₅	Na₂O	K₂O	TO₂	烧失量
15.67	37.89	3.26	9.44	4.19	3.47	3.34	5.63	3.25	1.16	11.56

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表 2 飞灰掺量及水灰比对胶凝材料性能的影响

Table 2. Effect of fly ash content and water-cement ratio on properties of the cementitious material

试验组编号	飞灰掺量/%	水灰比	扩展度/mm	凝结时间/min		抗压强度/MPa		膨胀率/%
试验组编号	飞灰掺量/%	水灰比	扩展度/mm	初凝	终凝	3 d	28 d	膨胀率/%
Q1	0	0.37	94	48	136	17.3	44.1	0
Q2	20	0.37	91	72	184	10.7	27.6	6.8
Q3	40	0.37	89	86	218	7.6	23.1	17.0
Q4	60	0.37	86	104	240	5.2	17.0	18.8
Q5	80	0.37	84	114	274	2.5	12.3	11.7
S1	40	0.34	72	58	152	11.9	29.0	2.8
S2	40	0.40	103	122	288	5.7	18.6	18.5
S3	40	0.43	112	138	310	3.1	13.1	19.7
S4	40	0.46	135	156	356	2.2	10.9	23.8

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表 3 外加剂对胶凝材料性能的影响

Table 3. Effect of admixture on properties of the cementitious material

试验组编号	外加剂种类	外加剂掺量/%	扩展度/mm	凝结时间/min		抗压强度/MPa		膨胀率/%
试验组编号	外加剂种类	外加剂掺量/%	扩展度/mm	初凝	终凝	3 d	28 d	膨胀率/%
Q3			89	86	218	7.6	23.1	17.0
W1	NaOH	0.6	89	86	220	6.2	21.2	19.6
W2		1.2	88	90	224	4.1	15.9	21.4
W3		1.8	89	88	222	2.7	12.6	25.8
W4	CaCl₂	1	90	68	172	8.8	26.2	17.5
W5		2	92	64	158	9.6	17.8	18.0
W6		3	93	52	124	10.9	18.2	18.8

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表 4 垃圾焚烧飞灰原料及胶凝材料重金属浸出浓度

Table 4. Heavy metal leaching concentration of fly ash and cementitious materials mg/L　

元素	浸出液中重金属离子浓度
元素	飞灰原料	Q3	W3	W6	GB 5085.3— 2007标准限值	GB 30760— 2014 水泥熟料中限值
Ni	8.53	0.13	0.18	0.11	5	0.2
Pb	32.45	0.25	0.53	0.18	5	0.3
Cd	4.86	0.01	0.02	0.007	1	0.03
As	7.34	0.04	0.1	0.02	5	0.1

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