环鄱阳湖城市群景观格局变化与人为干扰的关系研究

彭锦臣; 叶长盛; 甘凤

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230510

环鄱阳湖城市群景观格局变化与人为干扰的关系研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230510

东华理工大学地球科学学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42061041)

详细信息

作者简介:
彭锦臣（1998—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事区域发展与土地利用研究，869394757@qq.com

通讯作者:
叶长盛（1977—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为城市发展、土地资源利用与保护，ycs519@163.com

中图分类号: TP79
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- 文章访问数: 271
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- PDF下载量: 60
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-11
- 录用日期: 2023-12-24
- 修回日期: 2023-12-23
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-05

Research on the relationship between landscape pattern changes and human disturbance in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake

College of Earth Sciences, East China University of Technology

摘要

摘要:
探讨景观格局演变与人为干扰的关系，可为区域景观格局优化及生态可持续发展提供理论基础。以环鄱阳湖城市群为例，分析其2000—2020年土地利用景观格局时空变化特征，并运用景观格局指数、人为干扰度模型、双变量空间自相关方法探究人为干扰度时空变化规律及其与景观格局变化过程的空间耦合关系。结果显示：2000—2020年，环鄱阳湖城市群土地利用类型以耕地、林地为主，建设用地扩张迅速，面积增加18.85万 hm²；斑块密度、香农多样性指数和分形维数呈上升趋势，平均斑块面积、蔓延度指数和聚合度指数呈下降趋势，景观破碎化程度增加。2000—2020年，环鄱阳湖城市群平均人为干扰度由0.462 3增至0.468 9，人为干扰较强的区域位于鄱阳湖平原，尤其以南昌市区、南昌县、鹰潭市区人为干扰较突出，且干扰度高值区范围不断扩大；干扰强度由中部向边缘逐渐减弱，低值区分布于鄱阳湖湖域，建设用地和耕地为干扰贡献主要类型；人为干扰度与斑块密度、蔓延度指数、香农多样性指数呈空间正相关，与平均斑块面积、聚合度指数呈空间负相关，表现出明显的空间异质性。
- 环鄱阳湖城市群 /
- 景观格局 /
- 人为干扰 /
- 多尺度综合分析 /
- 空间耦合
Abstract:
Exploring the relationship between landscape pattern evolution and human disturbance can provide theoretical basis for regional landscape pattern optimization and ecological sustainable development. Taking the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake as an example, the spatial and temporal changes of land use landscape pattern during 2000-2020 were analyzed, and the spatiotemporal changes of human disturbance degree and its spatial coupling relationship with landscape pattern change process were explored by using landscape pattern index, human disturbance degree model, bivariate spatial autocorrelation and other methods. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the land use types of the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake were mainly cultivated land and forest land, and the construction land expanded rapidly, increasing by 188 500 hm². The patch density, Shannon diversity index and fractal dimension showed an increasing trend, while the average patch area, spread index and aggregation index showed a decreasing trend, and the landscape fragmentation degree increased. From 2000 to 2020, the average anthropogenic disturbance degree of the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake increased from 0.462 3 to 0.468 9, and the areas with strong anthropogenic disturbance were located in Poyang Lake plain, especially in Nanchang urban area, Nanchang County and Yingtan urban area, and the range of areas with high disturbance degree continued to expand, and the disturbance intensity gradually weakened from the middle to the edge. The low value was distributed in Poyang Lake, and construction land and cultivated land were the main types of disturbance. The degree of human disturbance was positively correlated with patch density, spread index and Shannon diversity index, and negatively correlated with average patch area and aggregation index, showing obvious spatial heterogeneity.
- urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake /
- landscape pattern /
- human interference /
- multiscale comprehensive analysis /
- space coupling

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图 1 环鄱阳湖城市群行政区划示意

Figure 1. Administrative region of the urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群景观类型分布

Figure 2. Landscape type distribution of urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群区（县）景观格局指数

注：图例中柱图的数值代表最右侧柱高。

Figure 3. Landscape pattern indices of counties and districts in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

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图 4 2020年环鄱阳湖城市群景观格局指数空间分布

Figure 4. Spatial distribution of landscape pattern index of urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群区（县）人为干扰度变化

Figure 5. Human disturbance changes in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群网格人为干扰度空间分布

Figure 6. Spatial distribution of human disturbance degree in grid of urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 2020年人为干扰动态度与景观格局指数的LISA集聚图

Figure 7. Bivariate LISA agglomeration of human disturbance dynamics and landscape pattern index in 2020

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表 1 景观类型人为干扰指数赋值

Table 1. Human disturbance index assignment of landscape types

干扰类型	景观类型	干扰指数
无干扰	有林地	0.28
	湖泊	0.23
	滩地	0.17
	沼泽地	0.10
半干扰	水田	0.65
	旱地	0.70
	灌木林、疏林地	0.50
	其他林地	0.55
	草地	0.58
	河渠	0.35
	水库坑塘	0.30
全干扰	城镇用地	0.99
	农村居民点	0.95
	其他建设用地	0.98
	裸土地	0.72
	裸岩石砾地	0.72

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群景观类型面积与占比

Table 2. Area and proportion of landscape types in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

年份	耕地		林地		草地		水域		建设用地		未利用地
年份	面积/万hm²	占比/%	面积/万hm²	占比/%	面积/万hm²	占比/%	面积/万hm²	占比/%	面积/万hm²	占比/%	面积/万hm²	占比/%
2000	301.40	32.71	500.48	54.31	31.19	3.38	58.78	6.38	20.47	2.22	9.20	1.00
2010	297.76	32.31	499.03	54.15	28.16	3.06	61.55	6.68	29.56	3.21	5.46	0.59
2020	292.61	31.75	493.89	53.58	28.99	3.15	61.60	6.68	39.32	4.27	5.31	0.58

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表 3 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群景观格局指数

Table 3. Landscape pattern index of urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

年份	PD	AREA_MN	CONTAG	SHDI	AI	PAFRAC
2000	0.027 4	3646.533 4	35.829 3	0.730 7	66.419 2	1.646 9
2010	0.028 2	3540.065 3	33.638 8	0.758 8	66.068 2	1.643 5
2020	0.028 7	3482.878 5	31.562 6	0.784 5	65.465 2	1.649 2

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表 4 2000—2020年环鄱阳湖城市群人为干扰度网格数变化

Table 4. Grid changes of human disturbance degree in urban agglomeration around Poyang Lake in 2000-2020

干扰程度	2000年		2010年		2020年
干扰程度	网格数/个	占比/%	网格数/个	占比/%	网格数/个	占比/%
轻微	164	4.17	182	4.63	178	4.53
轻度	1093	27.83	1126	28.67	1099	27.99
中度	1187	30.23	1125	28.65	1115	28.39
重度	1039	26.46	969	24.68	949	24.17
严重	444	11.31	525	13.37	586	14.92

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表 5 2000—2020年人为干扰度与景观格局指数双变量全局Moran's I

Table 5. Global Moran's I values of human-disturbance degree and landscape pattern index in 2000-2020

年份	PD	AREA_MN	CONTAG	SHDI	AI
2000	0.339	−0.199	0.083	0.397	−0.048
2010	0.359	−0.205	0.079	0.417	−0.050
2020	0.356	−0.203	0.062	0.420	−0.062

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