潮白河北京段着生藻类群落结构及其优势种生态位特征

盛祥锐; 罗遵兰; 孙光; 肖能文; 康玲玲; 李慧清; 韩静

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230588

潮白河北京段着生藻类群落结构及其优势种生态位特征

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230588

盛祥锐^1,,
罗遵兰^1, ,,
孙光¹,
肖能文¹,
康玲玲¹,
李慧清^{1, 2},
韩静^{1, 2}

1.
中国环境科学研究院
2.
兰州大学生态学院

基金项目: 生态环境部部门预算项目(2019HJ2096001006)

详细信息

作者简介:
盛祥锐(1997—)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事水生生物多样性研究，shiningrain1997@126.com

通讯作者:
罗遵兰(1979—)，女，副研究员，主要从事生物多样性研究，luozunlan@163.com

中图分类号: X524
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- 文章访问数: 378
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-10
- 录用日期: 2023-11-03
- 修回日期: 2023-10-20
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-01

Community structure and dominant species niche characteristics of periphytic algae in the Beijing section of the Chaobai River

1.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
School of Ecology, Lanzhou University

摘要

摘要:
为明确北京市潮白河流域浮游植物群落变化特征，于2021年5月和9月对潮白河17个样点的着生藻类进行调查。应用着生藻类种类数和细胞密度对群落结构进行分析，计算优势种的优势度指数（Y）、优势种更替率（R），运用生态位宽度（B_i）、生态位重叠指数（O_ik）、总体相关性分析优势种的生态位特征。结果表明：2次调查共鉴定着生藻类109种，隶属4门41属，着生藻类优势种（Y>0.2）共8种，优势种的生态位宽度为0.140 6~0.420 9，优势种的生态位重叠指数为0.055 1~0.897 1，总体关联性测度结果均为显著正关联，优势种受季节更替的影响较大，优势种间对资源的利用共性较小，着生藻类群落结构趋于稳定，整体朝正向演替发展。研究表明，着生藻类作为一项生物指标对环境条件的变动能够进行较为敏感的响应，基于着生藻类优势种生态位特征，能够对着生藻类群落结构及其演替特征进行描述。
- 潮白河 /
- 着生藻类 /
- 群落结构 /
- 生态位
Abstract:
To clarify the changes in phytoplankton communities in Chaobai River basin of Beijing, 17 sampling sites of periphytic algae were selected and two surveys were conducted in May 2021 and September 2021. Community structure was analyzed by applying the number of periphytic algae species and cell density, and the dominance index of the dominant species(Y) and dominant species turnover rate (R) were calculated. The niche width (B_i), niche overlap (O_ik) and overall relevance were used to analyze the niche characteristics of the dominant species. The results showed that a total of 109 species of periphytic algae belonging to 4 phylums and 41 genera were found and recorded in two phases. There were 8 dominant species (Y>0.2) of periphytic algae in all sampling periods. The niche width values of dominant species ranged from 0.140 6 to 0.420 9. The niche overlap values of the dominant species ranged from 0.055 1 to 0.897 1, and the overall correlation measurement results were significantly positive correlations. The dominant species were greatly affected by seasonal alternation, and the commonality of resource utilization among dominant species was relatively small. The structure of the periphytic algae tended to stabilize, and the overall development was toward positive succession. The research shows that periphytic algae, as a biological indicator, can respond sensitively to changes in environmental conditions. Based on the niche characteristics of the dominant species of periphytic algae, the community structure and succession characteristics of periphytic algae can be described.
- Chaobai River /
- periphytic algae /
- community structure /
- ecological niche

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图 1 潮白河北京段着生藻类采样点

Figure 1. Location map of sampling points of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River of Beijing

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图 2 潮白河着生藻类组成特征

Figure 2. Compositional characteristics of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River

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图 3 潮白河着生藻类细胞密度组成特征

Figure 3. Characteristics of cell density composition of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River

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图 4 潮白河着生藻类分布特征

Figure 4. Distribution characteristics of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River

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表 1 潮白河着生藻优势物种名录

Table 1. Composition of dominant periphytic species in the Chaobai River

门	优势物种	拉丁种名	春季		秋季
门	优势物种	拉丁种名	F_i	Y	F_i	Y
蓝藻门	小席藻	Phormidium tenue	0.529 4	0.030 3
蓝藻门	黏球藻	Gloeocapsa sp.			1.000 0	0.207 3
硅藻门	扁圆卵形藻	Cocconeis placentula			0.941 2	0.161 2
	尖针杆藻	Synedra acus	0.705 9	0.029 3
	短小舟形藻	Navicula exigua	0.352 9	0.021 3	0.882 4	0.025 7
	微型舟形藻	Navicula minima	0.294 1	0.034 9	0.882 4	0.174 7
	短线脆杆藻	Fragilaria brevistriata	0.235 3	0.024 8
	短小曲壳藻	Achnanthes exigua			0.764 7	0.151 0

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表 2 潮白河着生藻类优势种生态位宽度

Table 2. Niche width of dominant species of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River

优势物种	春季	秋季
小席藻	0.392 4
黏球藻		0.238 5
扁圆卵形藻		0.403 9
尖针杆藻	0.156 1
短小舟形藻	0.191 7	0.420 9
微型舟形藻	0.259 9	0.241 5
短线脆杆藻	0.140 6
短小曲壳藻		0.234 5

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表 3 潮白河春季着生藻类生态位重叠指数

Table 3. Niche overlap index of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River in spring

项目	小席藻	尖针杆藻	短小舟形藻	微型舟形藻	短线脆杆藻
小席藻	1.000 0
尖针杆藻	0.055 1	1.000 0
短小舟形藻	0.558 2	0.091 1	1.000 0
微型舟形藻	0.533 5	0.018 3	0.854 4	1.000 0
短线脆杆藻	0.448 0	0.163 6	0.757 6	0.773 6	1.000 0

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表 4 潮白河秋季着生藻类生态位重叠指数

Table 4. Niche overlap index of periphytic algae in the Chaobai River in autumn

项目	扁圆卵形藻	短小曲壳藻	微型舟形藻	短小舟形藻	黏球藻
扁圆卵形藻	1.000 0
短小曲壳藻	0.133 3	1.000 0
微型舟形藻	0.178 8	0.897 1	1.000 0
短小舟形藻	0.343 5	0.544 1	0.382 6	1.000 0
黏球藻	0.133 5	0.112 5	0.083 1	0.426 8	1.000 0

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表 5 着生藻类总体关联性

Table 5. General inter-specific association of periphytic algae

采样时间	S_T²	σ_T²	VR	W	χ²［χ² _0.95(N)， χ²_0.05(N)］	测度结果
2021年5月 (春季)	2.339 1	1.0727	2.1806	37.0710	(8.67, 27.59)	显著正关联
2021年9月 (秋季)	2.8512	1.5848	1.7991	30.5852	(8.67, 27.59)	显著正关联

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