进口再生塑料颗粒中特征污染物的筛选及污染特征研究

白月娇; 林晔; 岳波; 孟棒棒; 张颖; 王超

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230591

进口再生塑料颗粒中特征污染物的筛选及污染特征研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230591

白月娇^{1, 2,},
林晔²,
岳波^1, ,,
孟棒棒¹,
张颖^{1, 2},
王超^{1, 2}

1.
中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所
2.
沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1904802)

详细信息

作者简介:
白月娇(1998—)，女，硕士研究生，主要从事固体废物污染防治研究，1419963055@qq.com

通讯作者:
岳波(1980—)，男，研究员，博士，主要从事固体废物污染防治研究，yuebo@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X705
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- 文章访问数: 145
- HTML全文浏览量: 61
- PDF下载量: 35
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-12
- 录用日期: 2023-12-21
- 修回日期: 2023-09-15

Study on screening of characteristic pollutants and pollution characteristics in imported regenerated plastic particles

BAI Yuejiao^{1, 2
,},
LIN Ye²,
YUE Bo^{1
, ,},
MENG Bangbang¹,
ZHANG Ying^{1, 2},
WANG Chao^{1, 2}

1.
Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University

摘要

摘要:
为了掌握进口再生塑料颗粒中污染物的污染特性，选取5种不同类型的进口再生塑料颗粒，基于来源及再生利用过程分析其可能含有的污染物类型，筛选出重金属、双酚类化合物〔包括四溴双酚A（BPA）与四溴双酚S（BPS）〕和挥发性有机物(VOCs)3种特征污染物进行污染特征分析。结果发现，5种再生塑料颗粒中检测出6种重金属，包括Cr、Mn、Pb、Cd、Cu、Hg，其中Cr、Mn、Pb的浓度相对较高；5种再生塑料颗粒中BPS的检出率达100%，BPA的检出率为20%~100%，且BPS浓度大于BPA，这可能与实际生产中使用BPS等代替BPA有关；5种再生塑料颗粒中检测出的VOCs中，除二氯甲烷外均为苯的同系物。研究结果可为塑料颗粒后续的再生利用提供基础数据支持，并有助于相关部门进一步规范进口再生塑料颗粒的管控。
- 再生塑料颗粒 /
- 特征污染物 /
- 重金属 /
- 双酚类化合物 /
- 挥发性有机物
Abstract:
In order to understand the pollution characteristics of pollutants in imported recycled plastic particles, five different types of imported recycled plastic particles were selected. Based on the source and recycling process, the possible types of pollutants were identified. Three characteristic pollutants, namely heavy metals, bisphenol compounds (including tetrabromobisphenol A (BPA) and tetrabromobisphenol S (BPS)), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), were screened out and their pollution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that six heavy metals, Cr, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg, were detected in the five types of recycled plastic particles, with relatively high concentrations of Cr, Mn, and Pb. The detection rate of BPS reached 100%, and the detection rate of BPA was between 20% and 100%. The mass concentration of BPS in the five recycled plastic particles was greater than that of BPA, which may be related to the use of BPS or other substitutes for BPA in actual production. Most of the detected VOCs, except for dichloromethane, were homologues of benzene. The results could provide basic data support for subsequent recycling work and help relevant departments further regulate the control of imported recycled plastic particles.
- recycled plastic particles /
- characteristic pollutants /
- heavy metal /
- bisphenol compounds /
- volatile organic compounds

HTML全文

图 1 再生塑料颗粒中不同重金属浓度

Figure 1. Diagram of different heavy metal content in recycled plastic particles

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图 2 5种再生塑料颗粒中BPA、BPS平均浓度

Figure 2. Average content diagram of BPA and BPS in 5 kinds of recycled plastic particles

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图 3 5种再生塑料颗粒中VOCs平均浓度

Figure 3. Average content diagram of VOCs in 5 kinds of recycled plastic particles

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图 4 5种再生塑料颗粒中VOCs综合毒性占比

Figure 4. Toxicity ratio diagram of VOCs in 5 kinds of recycled plastic particles

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表 1 进口再生塑料颗粒基本情况

Table 1. Basic information of imported recycled plastic particles

类型	英文学名	中文学名	推荐用途	使用特性	外观颜色
PE	polyethylene	聚乙烯	管材、发泡、注塑、包装膜、方便袋等	通用塑料	黑、灰、米白、乳白
PP	polypropylene	聚丙烯	卡板、挡泥板、保险杠、拉丝、丙纶纱、编制包装、桌椅、吹瓶等	通用塑料	黑、灰、绿、白、灰、浅灰
PS	polystyrene	聚苯乙烯	发泡、管道、护栏等	通用塑料	黑、绿、浅绿、浅红、浅茶、白
PET	polyethylene-terephthalate	聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯	填充物、化纤、纺丝、纤维、吸塑等	工程塑料	白、蓝、绿、透明
ABS	acrylonitrile-butadiene- styrene copolymers	丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚合物	游戏机外壳、空调、冰箱	通用塑料	黑、灰、白

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表 2 高效液相色谱测定条件

Table 2. Determination conditions of high-performance liquid chromatography

色谱柱	柱长/mm	内径/mm	粒度/μm	柱温	流动相体积比	流速/(mL/min)	可变波长扫描紫外检测器/nm
C18	250	4.6	5	室温	甲醇∶水为60∶40	1	224

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表 3 再生塑料颗粒中BPA和BPS检出率

Table 3. Detection rate of BPA and BPS in recycled plastic particles %　

化合物	PE	PP	PS	PET	ABS
BPA	70	80	75	20	100
BPS	100	100	100	100	100

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表 4 VOCs毒性指标LD₅₀

Table 4. Toxicity index LD₅₀ of VOCs

序号	CAS编号	中文名	英文名	分子式	LD₅₀/（mg/kg）
1	75-09-2	二氯甲烷	methylene dichloride	CH₂Cl₂	2 080
2	108-88-3	甲苯	toluene	C₇H₈	7 530
3	100-41-4	乙基苯	ethylbenzene	C₈H₁₀	3 500
4	106-42-3	对二甲苯	p-xylene	C₈H₁₀	5 000
5	100-42-5	苯乙烯	styrene	C₈H₈	1 000
6	95-47-6	邻二甲苯	o-xylene	C₈H₁₀	6 125
7	622-96-8	对甲乙苯	4-ethyltoluene	C₉H₁₂	4 850
8	95-63-6	1,2,4-三甲基苯	1,2,4-trimethylbenzene	C₉H₁₂	1 760
9	103-65-1	正丙苯	n-propylbenzene	C₉H₁₂	6 040
10	620-14-4	间甲乙苯	3-ethyltoluene	C₉H₁₂
11	611-14-3	邻甲乙苯	2-ethyltoluene	C₉H₁₂	5 000
12	526-73-8	联三甲苯	1,2,3-trimethylbenzene	C₉H₁₂	5 000
13	141-93-5	1,3-二乙基苯	diethylbenzene	C₁₀H₁₄	1 200
14	105-05-5	1,4-二乙基苯	p-diethylbenzene	C₁₀H₁₄	1 200
注：LD₅₀指在一定时间内经口或经皮给予受试样品后，受试动物发生死亡概率是50%的剂量。

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