微塑料对冰生消及密度的影响研究

王志超; 康延秋; 李卫平; 窦雅娇; 李嘉辰; 杨文焕

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230700

微塑料对冰生消及密度的影响研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230700

王志超^{1, 2,},
康延秋^{1, 2},
李卫平^{1, 2, ,},
窦雅娇^{1, 2},
李嘉辰^{1, 2},
杨文焕^{1, 2}

1.
内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院
2.
黄河流域内蒙古段生态保护与综合利用自治区协同创新中心

基金项目: 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2023MS05016）

详细信息

作者简介:
王志超（1988—），男，副教授，博士，主要从事水土环境治理与修复研究，wzc5658@126.com

通讯作者:
李卫平（1973—），男，教授，博士，主要从事北方寒旱区湖泊水生态治理与修复研究，sjlwp@163.com

中图分类号: X524
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-28
- 录用日期: 2024-02-05
- 修回日期: 2023-12-22

Study on the effect of microplastics on ice formation, melting and density

WANG Zhichao^{1, 2
,},
KANG Yanqiu^{1, 2},
LI Weiping^{1, 2
, ,},
DOU Yajiao^{1, 2},
LI Jiachen^{1, 2},
YANG Wenhuan^{1, 2}

1.
College of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
2.
Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and Comprehensive Utilization of Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin

摘要

摘要:
随着海洋及淡水中塑料垃圾数量的急剧增加，以乌梁素海为代表的寒区淡水湖泊中微塑料含量增长显著，冰封期结冰会促进微塑料富集于冰盖中，为深入理解微塑料在寒区冰冻区的环境迁移特点，利用自制结冰装置试验模拟湖水结冰期、融冰期，揭示微塑料对冰厚度增长率、消减率以及冰密度的影响。结果表明，微塑料的赋存促进冰生长，并且冰厚度增长值随微塑料丰度增加呈现出先增加后减小的趋势；且微塑料阻碍冰层融化，随着微塑料丰度的增加阻碍作用愈加明显。通过对不同条件下冰样密度进行观测发现，冰密度的变化是微塑料丰度和结冰温度为主导、微塑料粒径存在微弱影响的一种共同作用，微塑料丰度和结冰温度会对冰的生消过程和冰密度的变化造成影响。
- 微塑料 /
- 室内试验 /
- 增长率 /
- 消减率 /
- 密度
Abstract:
With the dramatic increase in the amount of plastic waste in marine and freshwater environment, the microplastic content in freshwater lakes in cold regions, represented by Lake Ulansuhai, has increased significantly. Ice formation during the freezing period will promote the enrichment of microplastics in the ice cover. In order to deeply understand the environmental migration characteristics of microplastics in cold and frozen regions, a self-made icing device was used to simulate the freezing and thawing periods of lake water, to reveal the influence of microplastics on the growth rate and melting rate of ice thickness, and ice density. The results showed that the existence of microplastics could promote ice growth, and the ice thickness growth value showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of microplastic abundance. Microplastics played an obstructive role in the melting of the ice, and with the increase of microplastic abundance, the obstructive role was more obvious. Observations of the density of ice samples under different conditions revealed that the change in ice density was dominated by the abundance of microplastics and the freezing temperature, while the particle size of microplastics had a slight impact, which was a combined effect. The microplastics abundance and icing temperature affected the process of ice formation and melting, as well as changes in the ice density.
- microplastics /
- indoor experiments /
- growth rate /
- melting rate /
- density

HTML全文

图 1 结冰装置

Figure 1. Icing device

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 冰厚度测量装置

Figure 2. Ice thickness measuring device

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图 3 各时期节点的冰厚度

Figure 3. Ice thickness value at each stage node

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同特征微塑料下在各时间点生长与消减速率

Figure 4. Growth and melting rates under different characteristics of microplastics at various time points

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同特征微塑料下冰密度的分布情况

Figure 5. Distribution of ice density under different characteristics of microplastics

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同微塑料丰度下各温度间冰密度的显著性分析

Figure 6. Significance analysis of ice density between temperatures at different microplastic abundances

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 −10 ℃时不同微塑料丰度下冰密度间显著性分析

Figure 7. Significance analysis of ice density at different microplastic abundances at −10 ℃

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 配水指标

Table 1. Water distribution indicators

指标	数值
总氮浓度/（mg/L）	1.80
总磷浓度/（mg/L）	0.128
化学需氧量/（mg/L）	48.00
盐度/10⁻³	14.00
悬浮物浓度/（mg/L）	2.00

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 试验设置

Table 2. Experiment setup

处理编号	微塑料粒径/ μm	微塑料丰度/（个/L）
Ta-1	550	5
Ta-2	550	10
Ta-3	550	15
Ta-4	950	5
Ta-5	950	10
Ta-6	950	15
Ta-7	1 500	5
Ta-8	1 500	10
Ta-9	1 500	15
注：微塑料类型为PE。

下载: 导出CSV

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