提标升级对乡镇污水处理厂碳排放特征的影响

刘思玉; 张建强; 白华清; 汪锐; 陈杨武; 何杨

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230749

提标升级对乡镇污水处理厂碳排放特征的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230749

1.
西南交通大学环境科学与工程学院
2.
中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司，海天水务集团股份公司
3.
中国科学院成都生物研究所

基金项目: 四川省科技计划项目（2021YFG0280）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘思玉（2000—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为新污染治理与碳污协同治理，sy21615@163.com

通讯作者:
何杨（1990—），男，讲师，主要从事土壤污染与碳污协同治理研究，yanghe@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-17

Impact of upgrading on carbon emission characteristics of township sewage treatment plants

1.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University
2.
Southwest Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute of China, Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd.
3.
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘要

摘要:
在碳达峰、碳中和和流域水污染防治的背景下，乡镇污水处理厂减污降碳协同势在必行。基于成都市某乡镇市政污水处理厂2016—2022年水质水量数据，分析提标升级前后化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷、总氮的时间变异性，利用《IPCC 2006 国家温室气体清单指南》（2019年修订版）、《城镇水务系统碳核算与减排路径技术指南》评估直接、间接碳排放强度特征，探究提标升级前后碳排放量对季节、水质及污染物削减量的响应。结果表明：1）污水处理厂主体工艺从周期循环活性污泥法（CASS）升级为厌氧-缺氧-好氧-膜生物反应器法（AAO-MBR）后，出水水质满足DB 51/2311—2016《四川省岷江、沱江流域水污染物排放标准》，升级后通过增加碳源、利用MBR膜截留污泥等措施，使出水水质指标更加稳定，对污染物的处理效率更高；2）提标升级后，直接、间接碳排放强度分别为0.296和1.082 kg/m³（以CO₂当量计），分别增加41.59%和105.70%，且夏季碳排放强度显著低于其他季节（P<0.01），升级前后的间接碳排放强度均高于直接碳排放强度；3）提标升级后，总碳排放强度增加了0.643 kg/m³（以CO₂当量计），工艺升级导致的电耗增加，使得间接碳排放强度变化更显著。乡镇污水处理厂提标升级在提高处理效能的同时也增加了碳排放量，建议在工艺改造中协同考虑污染物去除与能耗控制，以实现减污降碳协同增效。
- 碳排放特征 /
- 提标升级 /
- 污水处理 /
- 周期循环活性污泥法（CASS） /
- 厌氧-缺氧-好氧-膜生物反应器法（AAO-MBR）
Abstract:
To achieve carbon peak and neutrality targets and control watershed water pollution, township sewage treatment plants (STPs) need to collaborate in reducing pollution and carbon emissions. Based on water quality and quantity data from 2016 to 2022 at a municipal sewage treatment plant in a township in Chengdu, the temporal variability of COD, NH₃-N, TP, and TN was analyzed before and after the standard enhancement and upgrading. Using 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (2019 revision) and Guidelines for Carbon Accounting and Emission Reduction in the Urban Water Sector, the characteristics of direct and indirect carbon emission intensity were investigated, and the response of carbon emissions to seasons, water quality, and pollutant reduction amounts before and after the standard enhancement and upgrading was explored. The results showed: (1) After upgrading from Cyclic Activated Sludge System (CASS) to Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic -Membrane Bioreactor (AAO-MBR), the effluent quality met Emission Standards for Water Pollutants in Minjiang and Tuojiang River Basins of Sichuan Province (DB 51/2311-2016). Moreover, by increasing carbon source, using MBR membrane to trap sludge and other measures, the effluent concentration and water quality indexes were more stable, and the treatment efficiency of pollutants was higher. (2) After upgrading, direct and indirect carbon emission intensities increased by 41.59% and 105.70%, respectively, with values of 0.296 and 1.082 kg/m³ (in terms of CO₂-eq). In summer, the carbon emission intensity was significantly lower than that of other seasons (P<0.01), and indirect carbon emission intensities before and after the upgrade remained higher than direct carbon emission intensity. (3) After the upgrade, the total carbon emission intensity increased by 0.643 kg/m³(in terms of CO₂-eq). Due to increasing electricity consumption caused by upgrading, the indirect carbon emission intensity significantly changed. Therefore, the township STP upgrading could not only improve treatment efficiency but also increase carbon emissions. It was recommended to consider pollutant removal and energy consumption control synergistically during process transformation to achieve pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction simultaneously.
- carbon emission characteristics /
- upgrading /
- sewage treatment /
- cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) /
- anaerobic-anoxic-oxic-membrane bioreactor (AAO-MBR)

HTML全文

图 1 升级改造前后污水处理流程

注：PAM为聚丙烯酰胺。

Figure 1. Sewage treatment process before and after upgrading

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后进出水污染物浓度及去除率的季节变化

Figure 2. Seasonal changes of pollutant concentration and removal rate in influent and effluent before and after upgrading of a township STP in Chengdu

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后碳排放强度季节分布特征

Figure 3. Seasonal distribution characteristics of carbon emission intensity before and after upgrading of a township STP in Chengdu

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后碳排放强度的季节变化

Figure 4. Seasonal changes of carbon emission intensity before and after upgrading of a township STP in Chengdu

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后不同排放种类的碳排放强度占总碳排放强度的比例

Figure 5. Proportion of different types of carbon emission to total carbon emission intensity before and after upgrading of a township STP in Chengdu City

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后工艺的不同碳排放强度变化

注：图中字母相同表示差异性不显著，字母不同表示差异性显著。

Figure 6. Changes of different carbon emission intensities before and after upgrading of a township STP in Chengdu City

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 间接碳排放量与提标升级前后COD、TN削减量的拟合趋势及拟合方程

Figure 7. Fitting trend diagram and fitting equation of indirect carbon emissions and COD and TN reduction before and after upgrading

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 提标升级前后的理论碳排放强度与实际碳排放强度对比

Figure 8. Comparison of theoretical and actual carbon emission intensities before and after upgrading

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 成都市某乡镇污水处理厂提标升级前后碳排放强度与水质参数之间的相关性分析

Table 1. Correlation analysis between carbon emission intensity and water quality parameters of a township STP in Chengdu before and after upgrading

碳排放类型		进水COD	出水COD	COD去除量	进水TN 浓度	出水TN 浓度	TN 去除量	进水NH₃-N 浓度	出水NH₃-N 浓度	NH₃-N 去除量	吨水电耗
提标升级前	直接碳排放强度	0.683^**	0.099	0.493^**	0.876^**	0.043	0.476^**	0.611^**	−0.103	0.441^**	0.038
提标升级前	间接碳排强度	0.211	0.467^**	−0.378^*	−0.195	−0.192	−0.483^**	−0.028	0.100	−0.461^**	1.000^**
提标升级后	直接碳排放强度	0.799^**	0.005	0.630^**	0.951^**	0.177	0.553^**	0.939^**	0.007	0.595^**	−0.144
提标升级后	间接碳排强度	−0.092	−0.216	−0.232	−0.152	−0.324	−0.255	−0.131	−0.383^*	−0.248	1.000^**
注：*表示P<0.01；表示P<0.05。

下载: 导出CSV

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