湖北省典型流域片区地表水溶解氧时空变化及驱动因素

程继雄; 安堃达; 彭聃; 王婉玉

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230828

湖北省典型流域片区地表水溶解氧时空变化及驱动因素

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230828

1.
湖北省生态环境监测中心站
2.
中南安全环境技术研究院股份有限公司

基金项目: 湖北省环保科研项目（2021HB-08）

详细信息

作者简介:
程继雄（1985—），男，高级工程师，主要从事环境监测与评价研究，hbjc_water11@163.com

通讯作者:
安堃达（1986—），女，工程师，主要从事水环境评价研究，408839111@qq.com

中图分类号: X824
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- 文章访问数: 111
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-18
- 录用日期: 2024-06-08
- 修回日期: 2024-04-12

Spatio-temporal variation and driving factors of dissolved oxygen in surface water of typical watershed areas in Hubei Province

1.
Hubei Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center Station
2.
Central-southern Safety & Environment Technology Institute Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
溶解氧（DO）是反映地表水水质状况的重要指标，是精准开展流域综合治理的关键参数之一。收集湖北省200座水质自动监测站2021—2022年地表水自动监测数据，研究DO时空变化特征并进行聚类分组，采用相关系数法、多元线性回归定量分析16个流域片区DO浓度变化的驱动因素，并提出流域治理建议。结果表明：1）时间上，湖北省地表水DO浓度存在显著季节性差异，表现为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季，其中5—10月存在显著昼夜变化。2）空间上，全省16个流域片区分为低氧区、中氧区和富氧区。低氧区为四湖片区和汉江下游片区，DO浓度和饱和度均较低，且夏季低氧发生频率高；富氧区集中在清江片区和汉江丹库以上片区，夏季易出现DO过饱和；其他流域片区为中氧区，DO饱和度稳定在较高水平。3）影响因素上，低氧区表现为复合型污染，富氧区主要受水生植物生长的影响，中氧区主要受水温影响。结合不同流域片区DO浓度变化特征，提出从“三水”统筹角度，分级分区开展流域系统化治理，即低氧区加强污染源头管控和过程控制，富氧区防控水华发生风险，中氧区严格排污总量控制。
- 溶解氧（DO） /
- 饱和度 /
- 时空变化 /
- 驱动因素 /
- 聚类分组 /
- 流域治理 /
- 湖北省
Abstract:
Dissolved oxygen(DO) is an important indicator to reflect the quality of surface water, and it is one of key parameters for carrying out accurate comprehensive management of watersheds. Automatic monitoring data of surface water from 200 water quality automatic monitoring stations in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022 were collected to study the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of DO and perform cluster grouping. The driving factors of DO variations of sixteen watershed areas were analyzed quantitatively by correlation coefficient method and multiple linear regression, and some suggestions for watershed management were proposed. The results indicated that:(1) DO concentration of surface water in Hubei Province showed significant seasonal difference as winter>spring>autumn>summer. Moreover, there was a significant diurnal variation from May to October. (2) Sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province were divided into low oxygen zone, medium oxygen zone and rich oxygen zone. The low oxygen zone was mainly concentrated on Sihu area and the lower reaches of Hanjiang River area, with low DO concentration and saturation and high frequency of low DO occurrence in summer. The rich oxygen zone was mainly concentrated in Qingjiang area and the upper reaches of Danku Reservoir area of the Hanjiang River, with supersaturation in summer. The other watershed areas were medium oxygen zone, with stable saturation at a high level. (3) In terms of influencing factors, the low oxygen zone was characterized by compound pollution, the rich oxygen zone was affected by aquatic plant activities, and the medium oxygen zone was affected by temperature. Based on the characteristics of DO changes in different watershed areas, from the perspective of overall coordination of "three water" (water environment, water resource, water ecology), systematic watershed management methods should be set in a graded and partitioned manner, namely strengthening pollution source and process control in the low oxygen zone, preventing and controlling the risk of water blooms in the rich oxygen zone, and strictly controlling the total discharge in the medium oxygen zone.
- dissolved oxygen (DO) /
- saturation /
- spatial-temporal variation /
- driving factors /
- cluster grouping /
- watershed management /
- Hubei Province

HTML全文

图 1 湖北省流域片区及水质自动监测站分布

Figure 1. Distribution of watershed areas and water quality automatic monitoring stations in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2021—2022年湖北省地表水DO浓度和饱和度评价结果

注：水质类别根据GB 3838—2002中DO浓度评价得到。

Figure 2. Evaluation results of DO concentration and saturation of surface water in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2021—2022年湖北省地表水DO浓度和饱和度季节变化

注：a、b、c、d为季节显著性差异统计结果，相同字母为差异不显著，不同字母为差异显著，P ≤ 0.05。全文同。

Figure 3. Seasonal variation of DO concentration and saturation of surface water in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 5—10月地表水DO浓度小时变化

Figure 4. Hourly trends of DO concentration of surface water from May to October

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 2021—2022年湖北省16个流域片区地表水DO浓度月均值变化

Figure 5. Monthly average variation of DO concentration of surface water of sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 2021—2022年湖北省16个流域片区地表水DO浓度热点分布

Figure 6. Hot spot distribution of DO concentration of surface water of sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 2021—2022年湖北省16个流域片区地表水低DO浓度发生频率热点分布

Figure 7. Hot spot distribution of frequency of low DO concentration of surface water of sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 2021—2022年湖北省16个流域片区地表水DO饱和度季节变化统计

Figure 8. Seasonal variation of DO saturation of surface water of sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2022

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 湖北省16个流域片区地表水DO浓度聚类分组分布

Figure 9. Cluster grouping distribution of DO concentration of surface water of sixteen watershed areas in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2021—2022年各月地表水DO浓度昼夜变化差异性检验结果

Table 1. Difference test of diurnal variation of DO concentration in different months from 2021 to 2022

月份	样本量	P	d
1	200	0.012^*	0.32
2	195	0.016^*	0.24
3	199	0.005^**	0.29
4	198	0.000^**	0.45
5	197	0.000^**	0.70
6	195	0.000^**	0.84
7	196	0.000^**	0.92
8	183	0.000^**	0.59
9	175	0.000^**	0.72
10	179	0.000^**	0.56
11	191	0.727	0.04
12	194	0.295	0.11
注：*表示P<0.01，表示P<0.05。全文同。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 典型流域片区地表水DO浓度及饱和度与各影响因素之间的相关系数

Table 2. Correlation coefficient between DO concentration and saturation and various influencing factors of surface water of typical watershed areas

影响因素	四湖片区（低氧区）		清江片区（富氧区）		沮漳河片区（中氧区）
影响因素	DO浓度	DO饱和度	DO浓度	DO饱和度	DO浓度	DO饱和度
水温	−0.68^**	−0.41^**	0.13^*	0.60^**	−0.85^**	−0.1
pH	0.60^**	0.53^**	0.49^**	0.50^**	0.36^**	0.28^**
电导率	−0.07	−0.24^*	−0.20^*	−0.43^**	0.11	−0.15
浊度	−0.17^**	−0.25^*	0.06	0.13	−0.36^**	−0.32^**
高锰酸盐指数	−0.41^**	−0.60^**	0.40^**	0.46^**	−0.36^**	−0.35^**
氨氮	−0.34^**	−0.51^**	−0.09	−0.20^*	−0.18^**	−0.32^**
总磷	−0.38^**	−0.70^**	−0.04	−0.07	−0.32^**	−0.17
总氮	−0.11^*	−0.41^*	−0.21^**	−0.31^**	−0.14^*	−0.11

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 典型流域片区地表水DO浓度多元线性回归结果

Table 3. Results of multiple linear regression of DO concentration of surface water of typical watershed areas

流域分区	影响因素组合	线性回归模型	R²	DW
四湖片区	水温	y=11.979–0.251T	0.466	1.667
	水温+pH	y=–6.870–0.202T+2.366pH	0.632	1.683
	水温+pH+高锰酸盐指数	y = –3.808 – 0.194T + 2.113pH – 0.315C_Mn	0.691	1.995
	水温+pH+高锰酸盐指数+总磷	y = –1.696 – 0.199T + 1.882pH – 0.240C_Mn – 4.903C_TP	0.709	2.015
	水温+pH+高锰酸盐指数+总磷+氨氮	y = 0.354 – 0.217T + 1.654pH – 0.244C_Mn + 0.824C_TP – 1.810C_NH3-N	0.743	1.962
清江片区	pH	y = –27.547 + 5.968pH	0.386	1.744
清江片区	pH+高锰酸盐指数	y = –23.861 + 4.077pH + 0.861C_Mn	0.476	1.755
沮漳河片区	水温	y = 12.711 – 0.193T	0.722	2.127
	水温+pH	y = 8.570 – 0.185T + 0.508pH	0.733	2.111
	水温+pH+浊度	y = 9.998 – 0.181T + 0.335pH – 0.007S	0.741	2.130
	水温+pH+浊度+高锰酸盐指数	y = 10.092 – 0.181T + 0.326pH – 0.006S – 0.019C_Mn	0.741	2.133
	水温+pH+浊度+高锰酸盐指数+总磷	y = 10.101 – 0.181T + 0.327pH – 0.005S – 0.024C_Mn – 1.182C_TP	0.741	2.134
注：T表示水温，C_Mn表示高锰酸盐指数，C_TP表示总磷浓度，C_NH3-N表示氨氮浓度，S表示浊度。

下载: 导出CSV

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