太行山坡地植物篱种植对土壤水肥的短期影响

高飞; 陈艳梅; 高吉喜; 郭文芳; 刘倩愿; 李鑫; 贺舒蕾; 王佳乐

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230860

太行山坡地植物篱种植对土壤水肥的短期影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230860

1.
河北师范大学地理科学学院，河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心，河北省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室
2.
生态环境部卫星环境应用中心
3.
北京林业大学林学院

基金项目: 河北省自然科学基金资助中医药联合基金重点项目（H2023423019）

详细信息

作者简介:
高飞（2000—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事生态修复与区域可持续发展研究，1328933993@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈艳梅（1970—），女，教授，主要从事生态修复与区域可持续发展研究，330896729@qq.com

中图分类号: X53；S157
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-30
- 录用日期: 2024-04-23
- 修回日期: 2024-01-05

Short-term effects of hedgerow planting on soil water and fertilizer in Taihang Mountain slopes

1.
Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction, College of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University
2.
Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment
3.
College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University

摘要

摘要:
为探讨生物措施对人工林坡地土壤环境改善效果，在太行山东麓典型坡地布设枸杞、欧李、连翘、金银花、薄荷5种植物篱，并以平行位置的空白裸地为对照，分析不同植物篱及篱带位置对表层土壤水肥的影响。结果表明：1）与土壤水分相关指标中，不同植物篱带上、带中位置土壤自然含水量较空白对照提高了14.55%~62.69%，土壤总孔隙度基本高于空白对照，且不同植物篱间差异显著（P<0.05），植物篱土壤容重明显降低，且其带上、带中位置土壤黏粒含量较空白对照降低了1.25%~18.56%。2）与土壤肥力相关指标中，不同植物篱土壤有机碳含量较空白对照提高了8.93%~64.00%，土壤碳氮比明显高于空白对照，土壤pH、电导率、全氮含量多低于空白对照，且不同植物篱间差异显著（P<0.05）。3）各植物篱土壤水肥指标之间相关性显著，土壤全氮含量与电导率、自然含水量之间分别呈显著正相关和负相关（P<0.05）；土壤有机碳含量与粉粒含量之间呈显著正相关（P<0.05），与总孔隙度、砂粒含量之间呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。4）不同植物篱对土壤水肥影响能力综合得分：金银花（1.970）>薄荷（1.677）>欧李（1.670）>枸杞（1.655）>连翘（1.643）>空白对照（1.527）。5种植物篱短期内均有保持土壤水分和调节土壤肥力能力，其中金银花土壤水肥调节效果最好，可用于修复水土流失较严重的太行山坡地。
- 植物篱 /
- 土壤水肥 /
- 灰色关联度 /
- 短期影响 /
- 太行山
Abstract:
To explore the effects of biological measures on improving the soil environment of artificial forest slopes, five hedgerows of Lycium chinense Miller, Prunus humilis Bunge, Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, Lonicera japonica Thunb., and Mentha canadensis Linnaeus were set up on typical slopes in the eastern foothills of Taihang Mountains, with blank bare ground in a parallel position taken as the control. The effects of different hedgerows and their belts on surface soil water and fertilizer were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Among the indicators related to soil water, the natural water content of soil in the upper and middle positions of different hedgerow belts increased by 14.55% to 62.69%, compared with the blank control group. The total soil porosity was higher than that of the blank control group, and the differences between different hedgerows were significant (P<0.05). The soil bulk density of hedgerows decreased significantly compared with the blank control group, and the content of soil clay particles in the upper and middle positions of the belt decreased by 1.25% to 18.56% compared with the blank control group. (2) Among the indicators related to soil fertilizer, the soil organic carbon content of different hedgerows increased by 8.93% to 64.00% compared with the blank control group. The soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was significantly higher than that of the blank control group, while the soil pH, conductivity, and total nitrogen content were mainly lower than that of the blank control group. The differences between different hedgerows were significant (P<0.05). (3) The correlation between soil water and fertilizer indicators of each hedgerow was significant, with significant positive and negative correlations observed between soil total nitrogen and electrical conductivity and natural water content, respectively (P<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between soil organic carbon and powder grains (P<0.05), and significant negative correlations between soil organic carbon and total porosity and sand grains (P<0.05). (4) Comprehensive scores of effects on soil water and fertilizer of different hedgerows were as follows: Lonicera japonica Thunb. (1.970)> Mentha canadensis Linnaeus (1.677)> Prunus humilis Bunge (1.670)> Lycium chinense Miller (1.655)> Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (1.643)>blank control group (1.527). All five hedgerows could maintain soil moisture and regulate soil fertilizer in the short term. Lonicera japonica Thunb. exhibited the best soil water and fertilizer regulation effect and could be used to rehabilitate Taihang Mountain slopes with more severe soil erosion.
- hedgerow /
- soil water and fertilizer /
- grey relational degree /
- short-term effects /
- Taihang Mountains

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图 1 植物篱设置及采样点位示意

Figure 1. Setting of the hedgerow and schematic diagram of sampling points

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图 2 研究区全年月平均气温和降水量

Figure 2. Monthly average temperature and precipitation in the study area

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图 3 不同植物篱土壤容重、自然含水量、总孔隙度特征

注：图中数据为平均值±标准误。同列不同小写字母表示同一植物篱在不同篱带位置间差异显著（P<0.05）；同列不同大写字母表示同一篱带位置在不同植物篱间差异显著（P<0.05）。全文同。

Figure 3. Characteristics of soil bulk density, natural water content and total porosity of different hedgerows

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图 4 不同植物篱土壤机械组成特征

Figure 4. Characterization of the mechanical composition of soils with different hedgerows

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图 5 不同植物篱土壤pH、电导率特征

Figure 5. Characteristics of soil pH and conductivity of different hedgerows

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图 6 不同植物篱土壤全氮、有机碳、碳氮比特征

Figure 6. Characteristics of total nitrogen, organic carbon, carbon to nitrogen ratio of different hedgerows

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图 7 不同植物篱水肥指标相关性分析

注：BD为土壤容重；NW为自然含水量；SP为总孔隙度；EC为电导率；CL为黏粒占比；PO为粉粒占比；SA为砂粒占比；TN为全氮含量；TOC为有机碳含量；C/N为碳氮比。

Figure 7. Correlation analysis of water and fertilizer indicators of different hedgerows

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图 8 土壤水肥指标的主成分分析

注：同图7。

Figure 8. Principal component analysis of soil water and fertilizer indicators

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表 1 植物篱类型与篱带位置对土壤水肥影响双因素方差分析

Table 1. Two-way ANOVA of the influence of hedgerow types and positions on the soil water and fertilizer

项目	容重	自然含水量	总孔隙度	黏粒占比	粉粒占比	砂粒占比	pH	电导率	全氮	有机碳	碳氮比
植物篱类型	0.00**	0.15	0.06*	0.03*	0.00**	0.00**	0.00**	0.00**	0.00**	0.01*	0.00**
篱带位置	0.24	0.38	0.09	0.40	0.01*	0.02*	0.79	0.56	0.98	0.75	0.28
植物篱类型×篱带位置	0.29	0.50	0.15	0.04*	0.01*	0.00**	0.02*	0.02*	0.19	0.32	0.02*
注：表示P≤0.05，*表示P≤0.01。全文同。

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表 2 不同植物篱土壤水肥指标的关联系数

Table 2. Correlation coefficients of soil water and fertilizer indicators properties of different hedgerows

植物篱	位置	容重	自然含水量	总孔隙度	黏粒占比	粉粒占比	砂粒占比	pH	电导率	全氮	有机碳	碳氮比
空白对照	带上	0.343	0.333	0.333	1.000	0.422	0.494	0.788	0.470	0.673	0.333	0.378
	带中	0.333	0.333	0.347	1.000	0.389	0.393	0.551	0.382	0.485	0.467	0.333
	带下	1.000	0.359	0.719	0.438	0.428	0.422	0.617	0.622	0.333	1.000	0.333
枸杞	带上	1.000	0.394	0.417	0.398	0.333	0.333	0.905	0.333	1.000	0.550	0.398
	带中	1.000	0.645	0.993	0.597	0.394	0.391	0.577	0.333	0.653	0.997	0.430
	带下	0.333	0.333	0.496	0.503	0.438	0.447	0.622	0.367	0.415	0.482	0.411
欧李	带上	0.333	1.000	0.442	0.338	1.000	1.000	0.718	0.554	0.368	1.000	0.740
	带中	0.470	1.000	0.333	0.614	1.000	1.000	0.584	0.450	0.597	0.537	0.951
	带下	0.524	0.392	0.333	0.333	0.345	0.333	0.502	0.458	0.500	0.333	0.505
连翘	带上	0.340	0.441	0.479	0.445	0.603	0.649	0.480	1.000	0.447	0.495	0.533
	带中	0.338	0.435	0.390	0.676	0.566	0.567	0.722	0.848	0.902	0.801	0.507
	带下	0.494	0.787	0.835	0.434	0.333	0.351	0.834	0.333	0.765	0.468	0.541
金银花	带上	0.517	0.586	1.000	0.333	0.527	0.513	0.715	0.870	0.333	0.443	0.967
	带中	0.438	0.666	1.000	0.333	0.377	0.362	0.458	1.000	0.515	0.887	0.922
	带下	0.516	1.000	0.407	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.817	0.450	0.765	0.408	0.560
薄荷	带上	0.426	0.482	0.443	0.343	0.609	0.602	0.522	0.620	0.595	0.778	0.518
	带中	0.568	0.636	0.886	0.751	0.333	0.333	0.563	0.396	0.921	0.909	0.494
	带下	0.488	0.460	1.000	0.434	0.374	0.382	0.498	1.000	1.000	0.592	0.549

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表 3 不同篱带位置土壤水肥指标的权重

Table 3. The weight of soil water and fertilizer index in different hedge belt positions

位置	容重	自然含水量	总孔隙度	黏粒占比	粉粒占比	砂粒占比	pH	电导率	全氮	有机碳	碳氮比
带上	0.166	0.076	0.074	0.057	0.184	0.062	0.055	0.075	0.084	0.062	0.105
带中	0.113	0.058	0.113	0.096	0.049	0.105	0.114	0.150	0.083	0.053	0.066
带下	0.063	0.117	0.074	0.096	0.079	0.146	0.134	0.084	0.072	0.076	0.059

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表 4 被评价对象的加权关联度

Table 4. Weighted correlation degree of the evaluated objects

植物篱	带上		带中		带下		综合
植物篱	关联度	排名	关联度	排名	关联度	排名	得分	排名
空白对照	0.547	4	0.437	6	0.543	4	1.527	6
枸杞	0.586	3	0.631	2	0.438	5	1.655	4
欧李	0.599	1	0.669	1	0.402	6	1.670	3
连翘	0.498	6	0.605	4	0.540	3	1.643	5
金银花	0.587	2	0.614	3	0.770	1	1.970	1
薄荷	0.501	5	0.591	5	0.585	2	1.677	2

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