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武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究

李全威 余红 杨轲 古雄杰 王菲菲 全占军

李全威,余红,杨轲,等.武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究[J].环境工程技术学报,2024,14(3):742-749 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085
引用本文: 李全威,余红,杨轲,等.武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究[J].环境工程技术学报,2024,14(3):742-749 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085
LI Q W,YU H,YANG K,et al.Study on the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in Wudu Reservoir[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2024,14(3):742-749 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085
Citation: LI Q W,YU H,YANG K,et al.Study on the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in Wudu Reservoir[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2024,14(3):742-749 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085

武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909502)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李全威(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事新污染物生态环境风险研究,lqw2000@foxmail.com

    通讯作者:

    王菲菲(1978—),女,研究员,主要从事新污染物毒性效应和环境风险研究,wangff@craes.org.cn

    全占军(1979—),男,研究员,主要从事生态学研究,quanzj@craes.org.cn

  • 中图分类号: X524

Study on the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in Wudu Reservoir

  • 摘要:

    为探讨水库水体与生物体的微塑料的赋存特征,以武都水库为研究区域,于2022年丰水期采样并分析水库内不同水域表层水和鱼体内的微塑料。结果表明:2022年9月武都水库表层水中的微塑料平均丰度为(63.61±16.26)个/L,库首、库中和库尾微塑料丰度无显著性差异;鱼体胃肠道微塑料平均丰度为(13.61±8.43)个/g,鱼鳃中微塑料平均丰度为(12.22±4.99)个/g;肌肉中微塑料平均丰度为(4.66±3.34)个/g,肌肉中微塑料的丰度显著低于胃肠道和鱼鳃(P<0.05)。微塑料组分和粒径分析结果显示,水体和鱼体微塑料均以聚氯乙烯占比最多,其次为聚酰胺,水体和鱼体中的微塑料均以小粒径(20~50 μm)的微塑料为主。相关性分析结果显示,水库水体与鱼体组织中的微塑料在化学组成和粒径组成上显著相关(P<0.05)。

     

  • 图  1  武都水库采样位

    Figure  1.  Sampling sites of Wudu Reservoir

    图  2  武都水库各采样点微塑料的赋存特征

    Figure  2.  Occurrence characteristics of microplastics at each sampling site in Wudu Reservoir

    图  3  鳙组织中微塑料的赋存特征

    Figure  3.  Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in tissues of Aristichys nobilis

    图  4  鳙组织与地表水中微塑料特征的相关性分析

    注:*表示P<0.05。

    Figure  4.  Correlation analysis of microplastic characteristics in surface water and tissues of Aristichys nobilis

    表  1  国内外湖库表层水体中微塑料赋存特征

    Table  1.   Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in surface water of lakes and reservoirs in China and abroad

    研究区域 丰度/(个/L) 类型 粒径 检测方法
    国内密云水库[10]6.83±1.87PET、PP、PE≤0.5 mm体视显微镜、显微拉曼光谱
    刘家峡水库[17](0.52±0.21)×10−3(2021年)
    (0.58±0.17)×10−3(2022年)
    PET、PP、PE、PS、PVC光学显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、显微拉曼光谱仪
    大房郢水库[20]18.62±7.12PE、PP、PS50 μm~1 mm体视显微镜、拉曼光谱仪
    丹江口水库[21]7.25Nylon、PE、PP75~4 703 μm体视显微镜
    乌梁素海[19]621±62.8~1 224±185PP、PE0.5~2 mm体视显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、傅里叶光谱仪
    巢湖[22]1.80(枯水期)
    2.09(丰水期)
    PET、PP<1 mm电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪
    岳阳南湖[23]4.66±1.74PE、PA、PET<0.5 mm体视显微镜、显微红外光谱仪
    武都水库(本研究)63.61±16.26PVC、PA20~50 μm激光红外成像(LDIR)
    国内泰国Ubolratana水库[18]0.23±0.71PP、PE40~4 950 μm体视显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪
    巴基斯坦Mahodand 湖[9]2.3±1.52LDPE、PVC50~500 μm体视显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  国内外湖库淡水生物体内微塑料赋存特征

    Table  2.   Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in freshwater organisms of lakes and reservoirs in China and abroad

    研究区域 样品 丰度 类型 粒径
    国内 滆湖[31] 淡水鱼 10.7 个/条(胃肠道+鳃) PES、PP 0.1~0.5 mm
    鄱阳湖[32] 0~18 个/条(胃肠道) PP、PE <0.5 mm
    鄱阳湖饶河段[34] 淡水鱼 5.4 个/g(胃肠道),2.84 个/g(鳃) PE、LDPE、PP、PS 0.01~9.5 mm
    武都水库(本研究) (13.61±8.43)个/g(胃肠道),
    (12.22±4.99)个/g(鳃),
    (4.66±3.34)个/g(肌肉)
    PVC、PA 20~50 μm
    国内 土耳其Surgu Dam水库[33] 淡水鱼 0.41 个/条(胃肠道)
    PET、PP 1~2 mm
    巴基斯坦Mahodand湖[9] 褐鳟 (1.7±1.05)个/条(胃肠道) LDPE、PVC 300~500 μm
    美国Ontario湖[35] 淡水鱼 (59±104)个/条(胃肠道) PET、PP、PE
    美国Superior湖[35] 淡水鱼 (26±74)个/条(胃肠道)
    下载: 导出CSV
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