武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究

李全威; 余红; 杨轲; 古雄杰; 王菲菲; 全占军

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085

武都水库微塑料的赋存特征研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240085

李全威^{1, 3,},
余红²,
杨轲²,
古雄杰^{1, 3},
王菲菲^1, ,,
全占军^3, ,

1.
环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院
2.
国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院
3.
国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室，中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFC1909502）

详细信息

作者简介:
李全威（2000—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事新污染物生态环境风险研究，lqw2000@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
王菲菲（1978—），女，研究员，主要从事新污染物毒性效应和环境风险研究，wangff@craes.org.cn

全占军（1979—），男，研究员，主要从事生态学研究，quanzj@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
计量
- 文章访问数: 126
- HTML全文浏览量: 80
- PDF下载量: 36
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-04
- 录用日期: 2024-02-29
- 修回日期: 2024-02-19

Study on the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in Wudu Reservoir

LI Quanwei^{1, 3
,},
YU Hong²,
YANG Ke²,
GU Xiongjie^{1, 3},
WANG Feifei^{1
, ,},
QUAN Zhanjun^{3
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
3.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-Process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
为探讨水库水体与生物体的微塑料的赋存特征，以武都水库为研究区域，于2022年丰水期采样并分析水库内不同水域表层水和鱼体内的微塑料。结果表明：2022年9月武都水库表层水中的微塑料平均丰度为（63.61±16.26）个/L，库首、库中和库尾微塑料丰度无显著性差异；鱼体胃肠道微塑料平均丰度为（13.61±8.43）个/g，鱼鳃中微塑料平均丰度为（12.22±4.99）个/g；肌肉中微塑料平均丰度为（4.66±3.34）个/g，肌肉中微塑料的丰度显著低于胃肠道和鱼鳃（P<0.05）。微塑料组分和粒径分析结果显示，水体和鱼体微塑料均以聚氯乙烯占比最多，其次为聚酰胺，水体和鱼体中的微塑料均以小粒径（20~50 μm）的微塑料为主。相关性分析结果显示，水库水体与鱼体组织中的微塑料在化学组成和粒径组成上显著相关（P<0.05）。
- 微塑料 /
- 水库 /
- 地表水 /
- 淡水鱼 /
- 赋存
Abstract:
To explore the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in reservoir water and organisms, Wudu Reservoir was selected as the research area, and microplastics in surface water of different areas and fish in the reservoir were sampled and analyzed in the wet period in 2022. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in the surface water of Wudu Reservoir in September 2022 was (63.61±16.26)n/L, and there was no significant difference in the abundance of microplastics at the head, middle and end of the reservoir. Moreover, the average abundance of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract, gills and muscle was (13.61±8.43), (12.22±4.99), and (4.66±3.34)n/g, respectively. In addition, the abundance of microplastics in muscle was significantly lower than that in the gastrointestinal tract and gills (P<0.05). The results of microplastic composition and size analysis showed that polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyamide (PA) accounted for the largest proportion of microplastics in both water and fish, and microplastics with small particle size (20-50 μm) were mainly in both water and fish. The results of correlation analysis showed that the chemical composition and particle size composition of microplastics in surface water were significantly correlated with those in fish (P<0.05). The research results could provide data support for the microplastic pollution control scheme of lake and reservoir.
- microplastics /
- reservoir /
- surface water /
- freshwater fish /
- occurrence

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图 1 武都水库采样位

Figure 1. Sampling sites of Wudu Reservoir

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 武都水库各采样点微塑料的赋存特征

Figure 2. Occurrence characteristics of microplastics at each sampling site in Wudu Reservoir

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鳙组织中微塑料的赋存特征

Figure 3. Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in tissues of Aristichys nobilis

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图 4 鳙组织与地表水中微塑料特征的相关性分析

注：*表示P<0.05。

Figure 4. Correlation analysis of microplastic characteristics in surface water and tissues of Aristichys nobilis

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表 1 国内外湖库表层水体中微塑料赋存特征

Table 1. Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in surface water of lakes and reservoirs in China and abroad

研究区域		丰度/（个/L）	类型	粒径	检测方法
国内	密云水库^[10]	6.83±1.87	PET、PP、PE	≤0.5 mm	体视显微镜、显微拉曼光谱
	刘家峡水库^[17]	（0.52±0.21）×10⁻³（2021年）（0.58±0.17）×10⁻³（2022年）	PET、PP、PE、PS、PVC		光学显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、显微拉曼光谱仪
	大房郢水库^[20]	18.62±7.12	PE、PP、PS	50 μm~1 mm	体视显微镜、拉曼光谱仪
	丹江口水库^[21]	7.25	Nylon、PE、PP	75~4 703 μm	体视显微镜
	乌梁素海^[19]	621±62.8~1 224±185	PP、PE	0.5~2 mm	体视显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、傅里叶光谱仪
	巢湖^[22]	1.80（枯水期） 2.09（丰水期）	PET、PP	<1 mm	电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪
	岳阳南湖^[23]	4.66±1.74	PE、PA、PET	<0.5 mm	体视显微镜、显微红外光谱仪
	武都水库（本研究）	63.61±16.26	PVC、PA	20~50 μm	激光红外成像（LDIR）
国内	泰国Ubolratana水库^[18]	0.23±0.71	PP、PE	40~4 950 μm	体视显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪
国内	巴基斯坦Mahodand 湖^[9]	2.3±1.52	LDPE、PVC	50~500 μm	体视显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 国内外湖库淡水生物体内微塑料赋存特征

Table 2. Occurrence characteristics of microplastics in freshwater organisms of lakes and reservoirs in China and abroad

研究区域		样品	丰度	类型	粒径
国内	滆湖^[31]	淡水鱼	10.7 个/条（胃肠道+鳃）	PES、PP	0.1~0.5 mm
	鄱阳湖^[32]	鲫	0~18 个/条（胃肠道）	PP、PE	<0.5 mm
	鄱阳湖饶河段^[34]	淡水鱼	5.4 个/g（胃肠道），2.84 个/g（鳃）	PE、LDPE、PP、PS	0.01~9.5 mm
	武都水库（本研究）	鳙	（13.61±8.43）个/g（胃肠道），（12.22±4.99）个/g（鳃），（4.66±3.34）个/g（肌肉）	PVC、PA	20~50 μm
国内	土耳其Surgu Dam水库^[33]	淡水鱼	0.41 个/条（胃肠道）	PET、PP	1~2 mm
	巴基斯坦Mahodand湖^[9]	褐鳟	（1.7±1.05）个/条（胃肠道）	LDPE、PVC	300~500 μm
	美国Ontario湖^[35]	淡水鱼	（59±104）个/条（胃肠道）	PET、PP、PE
	美国Superior湖^[35]	淡水鱼	（26±74）个/条（胃肠道）	PET、PP、PE

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