Mobile source emission inventory and its spatial-temporal distribution characteristics in Altay City
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摘要:
通过“自上而下”调查方式获取移动源活动水平，采用排放因子法建立了阿勒泰市移动源排放清单，并进行移动源排放的时空特征分析和清单不确定性分析。结果表明，2021年阿勒泰市移动源9种大气污染物排放总量，CO为669.12 t，NOx为617.92 t，SO2为29.85 t，NH3为32.61 t，VOCs为136.35 t，PM2.5为35.74 t，PM10为38.06 t，BC为20.33 t，OC为6.41 t。其中，CO、SO2、NH3、VOCs主要来源于载客汽车，贡献率均超过40%；NOx主要来源于农业机械和载货汽车，贡献率均超过30%；PM2.5、PM10、BC、OC主要来源于农业机械，贡献率均超过75%。时空分布特征表现为6—8月排放量最高，人口密集的市区排放量高于其他区域。移动源9种污染物排放清单不确定性均在−39.23%~56.27%以内，本清单计算结果相对可靠。
Abstract:The activity level of mobile sources in Altay City was obtained by top-down investigation, the emission factor method was used to establish the mobile source emission inventory, and the temporal and spatial characteristics of mobile source emissions and inventory uncertainty analysis were carried out. The results showed that the total emissions of pollutants from mobile sources in Altay City in 2021 were CO 669.12 t, NOx 617.92 t, SO2 29.85 t, NH3 32.61 t, VOCs 136.35 t, PM2.5 35.74 t, PM10 38.06 t, BC 20.33 t, OC 6.41 t, respectively. Among them, CO, SO2, NH3 and VOCs mainly came from passenger vehicles, contributing more than 40%; NOx mainly from agricultural machinery and trucks, contributing more than 30%; PM2.5, PM10, BC, OC mainly from agricultural machinery, contributing more than 75%. The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics showed that the emission was the highest from June to August, and the emission in densely populated urban areas was relatively higher than that in other regions. The uncertainty of the emission inventory of 9 pollutants from mobile sources was −39.23%-56.27%, and the calculation results of this inventory were relatively reliable.
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Key words:
- mobile source /
- emission inventory /
- spatial-temporal allocation /
- uncertainty analysis /
- Altay City
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图 1 阿勒泰市不同移动源的污染物排放贡献率
Figure 1. Proportion of pollutant emissions from different mobile sources of Altay City
图 2 阿勒泰市移动源排放月分配系数
Figure 2. Monthly allocation coefficient of mobile source emissions of Altay City
图 3 阿勒泰市移动源污染物月排放量
Figure 3. Monthly emission of mobile source emissions of Altay City
图 4 阿勒泰市移动源大气污染物排放量在3 km×3 km的网格中的空间分布
Figure 4. Spatial distribution of mobile source air pollutants in a 3 km×3 km grid of Altay City
表 1 2021年阿勒泰市非道路移动源活动水平
Table 1. Non-road mobile source activity level of Altay City in 2021
非道路移动源 功率/kW 燃料类型 年燃料
使用量/（t/a）农业机械 联合收割机 37~75 柴油 1 75~130 柴油 79 ≥130 柴油 108 大中型拖拉机 <37 柴油 6 901 37~75 柴油 703 75~130 柴油 325 ≥130 柴油 102 工程机械 挖掘机 <37 柴油 13 37~75 柴油 32 75~130 柴油 70 ≥130 柴油 95 推土机 ≥130 柴油 62 装载机 <37 柴油 12 37~75 柴油 30 75~130 柴油 70 ≥130 柴油 96 叉车 <37 柴油 12 37~75 柴油 31 75~130 柴油 73 压路机 <37 柴油 3 75~130 柴油 32 平地机 37~75 柴油 21 发电机组 75~130 柴油 11 ≥130 柴油 120 
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表 2 道路移动源不确定性分析
Table 2. Uncertainty analysis of road mobile sources
污染物 排放量/（t/a） 不确定性/% 中位值 平均值 95%置信区间 CO 403.7 411.73 291.52~576.64 −29.20~40.05 NOx 300.57 306.61 208.88~439.38 −31.87~43.30 SO2 17.86 18.02 13.56~23.52 −24.75~30.52 NH3 32.2 32.66 21.93~45.87 −32.85~40.45 VOCs 79.79 80.57 64.44~100.72 −20.02~25.01 PM2.5 5.42 5.55 3.48~8.47 −37.30~52.61 PM10 6.14 6.3 3.96~9.67 −37.14~53.49 BC 3.02 3.11 1.89~4.86 −39.23~56.27 OC 0.93 0.96 0.61~1.45 −36.46~51.04
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表 3 非道路移动源不确定性分析
Table 3. Uncertainty analysis of non-road mobile sources
源类 污染物 排放量/（t/a） 不确定性/% 中位值 平均值 95%置信区间 农业机械 BC 15.44 15.51 11.72~19.75 −24.44~27.34 CO 206.75 207.75 160.23~260.46 −22.87~25.37 NOx 233.2 234.58 180.34~294.58 −23.12~25.58 OC 4.88 4.9 3.7~6.2 −24.49~26.53 PM10 28.5 28.69 21.79~36.49 −24.05~27.19 PM2.5 27.08 27.23 20.8~34.73 −23.61~27.54 SO2 5.74 5.76 4.46~7.19 −22.57~24.83 VOCs 41.67 41.84 32.14~52.37 −23.18~25.17 工程机械 BC 0.49 0.49 0.45~0.53 −8.16~8.16 CO 15.54 14.55 13.41~15.75 −7.84~8.25 NOx 11.68 11.69 10.76~12.66 −7.96~8.30 OC 0.15 0.15 0.14~0.16 −6.67~6.67 PM10 0.94 0.94 0.87~1.01 −7.45~7.45 PM2.5 0.85 0.85 0.79~0.92 −7.06~8.24 SO2 0.55 0.55 0.5~0.59 −9.09~7.27 VOCs 3.23 3.23 2.97~3.51 −8.05~8.67
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